Deck 3: Humanistic Approaches to Organizational Communication

Question 1

The __________ approach shifted the emphasis from structure, power, and individualization to individual needs and human relationships.

A) classical
B) human relations
C) human resources
D) Theory Z

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Elton Mayo, lead researcher of the Hawthorne studies, was attempting to follow __________'s principles of scientific management.

A) Frederick Taylor
B) Max Weber
C) Henri Fayol
D) Mary Parker Follett

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What were the results of the Illumination Studies?

A) Productivity increased in the control group.
B) Productivity increased in the experimental group.
C) Productivity increased as lighting increased.
D) all of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What were the results of the Relay Assembly Room Studies?

A) Overall productivity decreased.
B) Overall satisfaction decreased.
C) Sometimes satisfaction and productivity levels increased, while other times they decreased.
D) Productivity and satisfaction increased regardless of changes.

Question 5

What best characterizes the __________ movement is the clear shift from organizational standardization to an emphasis on the individual worker.

A) classical
B) human relations
C) human resources
D) Theory Z

Question 6

Which of the following serves as Maslow's second level in his hierarchy of needs?

A) safety
B) social
C) esteem
D) self-actualization

Question 7

When an organization provides opportunities for connection with other employees, the __________ needs of the employee are being met.

A) safety
B) social
C) esteem
D) self-actualization

Question 8

Megan is satisfied with the incentives and compensation packages at her job, so her __________ needs are likely being met.

A) safety
B) social
C) esteem
D) self-actualization

Question 9

Which of the following is one of Herzberg's dissatisfiers?

A) advancement
B) responsibility
C) recognition
D) salary

Question 10

In Herzberg's theory, __________ have little effect on positive job attitudes.

A) hygiene factors
B) motivators
C) dissatisfiers
D) both a and c

Question 11

Which of the following is an assumption held by Theory X managers?

A) The average man works as little as possible.
B) Management should help people achieve their own goals.
C) Management should help people recognize their characteristics.
D) The average man is not passive or resistant to organizational needs.

Question 12

Which of the following is an assumption held by Theory Y managers?

A) The average man works as little as possible.
B) The average man lacks ambition.
C) The average man is by nature resistant to change.
D) The average man is not passive or resistant to organizational needs.

Question 13

As a manager, Jack shows a fairly low concern for his employees and does not seem concerned about meeting production standards. He could be considered a(n) __________ manager.

A) impoverished
B) country club
C) authority-compliance
D) team

Question 14

Blake and Mouton believe that all managers should strive to be a(n) __________ manager.

A) impoverished
B) country club
C) authority-compliance
D) team

Question 15

As a manager, Sasha tends to focus primarily on getting results but not what her employees need. She could be considered a(n) __________ manager.

A) impoverished
B) country club
C) authority-compliance
D) team

Question 16

According to Rensis Likert, when people are motivated through fear, threat, or punishment, the organization is likely a(n) __________ organization.

A) exploitive authoritative
B) benevolent authoritative
C) consultative
D) participative group

Question 17

Many of the employees at OrgCorp are motivation by the desire to gain new experience. This would fall under a(n) __________ system.

A) exploitive authoritative
B) benevolent authoritative
C) consultative
D) participative group

Question 18

Sameer and his employees tend to work closely as a group to reach their goals. This is indicative of which type of system?

A) exploitive authoritative
B) benevolent authoritative
C) consultative
D) participative group

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of American organizations, as described by William Ouchi?

A) lifetime employment
B) nonspecialized career paths
C) rapid evaluation and promotion
D) collective responsibility

Question 20

Companies that tend to have long-term employment, often for a lifetime, tend to be __________ types of companies.

A) Theory X
B) Theory Z
C) for-profit
D) nonprofit

Question 21

Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Question 22

Describe Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory.

Question 23

Describe Likert's approach to his systems theory.

Question 24

Discuss and compare the classical, human relations, and human resources approaches.

Question 25

Describe the major differences between Theory X and Theory Y. Then articulate the alternatives illustrated by Theory Z.