Deck 10: Criminal Offenses Against People

Question 1

This type of aggression manifests itself in the form of refusals and lack of action.

A) active
B) symbolic
C) passive
D) instrumental

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The purpose or goal of this type of aggression is to attain status or resources that belong to others.

A) symbolic
B) expressive
C) instrumental
D) active

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is most likely to be an example of instrumental aggression?

A) aggravated assault
B) robbery
C) rape
D) simple assault

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is not one of the three types of criminological theories that the text suggests address violent crime?

A) subculture of violence theory
B) biological theory
C) feminist theory
D) strain theory

Question 5

Which is not a common source of violence?

A) religion
B) psychological abnormality
C) substance abuse
D) evolutionary factors

Question 6

What is the best predictor of whether a person will commit a violent criminal offense?

A) past behavior
B) mental state
C) physical characteristics
D) social status

Question 7

Which of the following is not one of the three physical sources of violent crime?

A) evolutionary factors
B) strain
C) substance abuse
D) mental disorder

Question 8

These disorders include distortions of thinking and perception, including thought echo; thought insertion or withdrawal; thought broadcasting; delusional perception and delusions of control; influence or passivity; and hallucinatory voices commenting or discussing the hearer in the third person.

A) schizophrenic
B) paranoid
C) mood
D) antisocial personality

Question 9

This is the study of the effect of evolutionary factors on behavior and societies.

A) poverty of affect
B) sociobiology
C) social dysfunction
D) evolutionary science

Question 10

Sociobiology would suggest that this is characteristic of rape.

A) evolutionary reproductive strategy
B) way to take resources from rivals
C) way to eliminate rivals
D) genetically pathological activity

Question 11

Which contributes to family dysfunction?

A) poverty
B) parental abuse
C) substance abuse
D) all of the above

Question 12

According to this theory, impoverished neighborhoods lack the social controls that prevent violence.

A) social control
B) social disorganization
C) strain
D) sociobiology

Question 13

Which is not a focal concern that some subcultures perpetuate as a part of their values and norms?

A) trouble
B) toughness
C) logic
D) smartness

Question 14

According to the FBI, which offense constitutes most violent offenses?

A) aggravated assault
B) murder
C) robbery
D) arson

Question 15

Offenders who are/do this commit robbery and assault more frequently than offenders who do not.

A) have jobs
B) are depressed
C) are divorced
D) use illegal drugs

Question 16

Some studies suggest that a reduction in the availability or consumption of this would reduce violent crime.

A) alcohol
B) heroin
C) caffeine
D) opioids

Question 17

Which substance is most closely related to violent crime?

A) illegal drugs
B) pharmaceuticals
C) alcohol
D) nicotine

Question 18

What is the term for the killing of a felon by a police officer in the line of duty?

A) non-negligent manslaughter
B) excusable homicide
C) justifiable homicide
D) negligent homicide

Question 19

This is the unlawful killing of another human being without criminal intent.

A) excusable homicide
B) justifiable homicide
C) manslaughter
D) murder

Question 20

This type of murder is typically deliberate and premeditated murder planned and carried out in conjunction with other felonies.

A) first-degree
B) second-degree
C) third-degree
D) felony

Question 21

This type of murder is an action in which the victim's death is neither planned nor intended, but in which it is a probable result.

A) first-degree
B) second-degree
C) third-degree
D) felony

Question 22

Which is most characteristic of a capital murder case?

A) The death penalty is possible.
B) It takes place in a state capital.
C) It involves another felony.
D) It involves negligence.

Question 23

Which of the following factors would not mitigate a murder offense?

A) The defendant has unmedicated schizophrenia and suffers severe delusions and hallucinations.
B) The defendant was addicted to drugs and inebriated at the time of the offense.
C) The defendant suffered severe parental physical and verbal abuse during childhood.
D) The defendant committed the murder during the commission of another serious offense.

Question 24

This type of murder involves the killing of three or more people in a single incident.

A) serial
B) spree
C) mass
D) schizophrenic

Question 25

This type of murder involves the killing of several victims over a very long period of time with relatively long periods between each killing.

A) serial
B) spree
C) mass
D) schizophrenic

Question 26

According to the FBI, which factor explains why an individual becomes a serial killer?

A) The offender was a victim of parental abuse as a child.
B) The offender suffers from a severe mental disorder.
C) The offender grew up in a disorganized and disadvantaged neighborhood.
D) No single factor causes a person to become a serial killer.

Question 27

This form of rape involves a willing victim who is not old enough to legally consent.

A) forcible
B) carnal
C) statutory
D) male

Question 28

Which of the following was not one of the main changes made to rape laws in the late 20th century?

A) eliminating the requirement that the victim physically resist the attacker
B) replacing "rape" with a set of gender neutral definitions
C) creating a marital exemption for rape
D) introducing rape shield laws

Question 29

According to Knight and Prentky's typology of rapists, this type of rapist uses extreme physical violence.

A) anger
B) power
C) sadistic
D) opportunistic

Question 30

According to Knight and Prentky's typology of rapists, this type of rapist does not see victims as victims, and often convince themselves that the victims wanted to have sex with them.

A) anger
B) power
C) sadistic
D) opportunistic

Question 31

This rape myth holds that victims want to be raped.

A) victim desire
B) fabrication
C) revenge
D) victim masochism

Question 32

Victims of this type of rape are more likely to be blamed for their own victimization.

A) marital
B) stranger
C) acquaintance
D) male

Question 33

What is the primary difference between robbery and other offenses in which the object is to obtain money or goods?

A) Robbery involves no direct contact between the victim and offender.
B) Robbery includes physical contact (or extreme proximity) with the victim and the use of fear and physical intimidation.
C) Robbery involves breaking and entering.
D) Robbery includes the commission of a secondary felony.

Question 34

A robbery of a convenience store is classified as this if the offender demands money immediately upon entering the store.

A) merchandise
B) straight
C) customer
D) strongarm

Question 35

What is battery?

A) attempted assault
B) successful assault
C) assault involving a weapon
D) unarmed assault

Question 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of a simple assault in most states?

A) It involves a dangerous weapon.
B) The victim sustains serious injuries.
C) It is classified as a misdemeanor.
D) It is more likely to be committed by someone who is a stranger to the victim.

Question 37

Which of the following is not an example of intimate-partner violence?

A) assault by a spouse
B) assault by a dating partner
C) assault by an acquaintance
D) assault by an ex-spouse

Question 38

Which characteristic is a form of child abuse?

A) physical
B) sexual
C) neglect
D) all of the above

Question 39

Explain the difference between active and passive aggression and give an example of each. Explain the difference between expressive and instrumental and identify the goals of each type.

Question 40

How does sociobiology explain violent offenses such as murder and intimate partner violence? Do you agree with these explanations? Why or why not?

Question 41

List the three main degrees or types of murder and define each.

Question 42

List and explain the reforms to rape laws in the latter 20th century. Do you think further reforms are necessary? Explain your response.

Question 43

List and explain the four categories in Knight and Prentky's typology of rapists.