Deck 11: Migration: Confronting the Myths of Human Movement

Question 1

Despite humanitarian crises in Africa and the Middle East, migration has not increased because ______.

A) the number of internal migrants has gone down
B) the global population has increased relative to the number of migrants
C) the number of international migrants has not increased
D) the number of migrants has remained stable

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The tendency for migrants to move along specific geographic routes is referred to in the textbook as migration ______.

A) corridors
B) systems
C) channels
D) maps

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Circular migration refers to ______.

A) voluntary migration for economic reasons
B) remittance payment cycles
C) movement back and forth between countries
D) frequent migration from place to place

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is most closely associated with voluntary migration?

A) migrants moving to seek better work circumstances for a variety of reasons
B) migrants moved against their will, such as IDP or victims of trafficking
C) migrants fleeing persecution or war and seeking protection in another country
D) migrants with special status because their home country endangers their well-being

Question 5

Which of the following is most closely associated with nonvoluntary migration?

A) migrants moving to seek better work circumstances because their home country's system is dysfunctional
B) migrants moved against their will, such as IDP or victims of trafficking
C) migrants fleeing persecution or war and seeking protection in another country
D) migrants with special status because their home country endangers their well-being

Question 6

Which of the following is most closely associated with refugee?

A) migrants moving to seek better work circumstances because their home country's system is dysfunctional
B) migrants moved against their will, such as IDP or victims of trafficking
C) migrants fleeing persecution or war and seeking protection in another country
D) migrants with special status because their home country endangers their well-being

Question 7

Which of the following is most closely associated with asylum seeker?

A) migrants moving to seek better work circumstances because their home country's system is dysfunctional
B) migrants moved against their will, such as IDP or victims of trafficking
C) migrants fleeing persecution or war and seeking protection in another country
D) migrants with special status because their home country endangers their well-being

Question 8

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are refugees ______.

A) within their own country
B) who has lost their citizenship or have none
C) forced out of their homes
D) in the process of seeking asylum within another state

Question 9

The issue of inconsistent data on migration collected by different countries vis-à-vis efforts to measure different types of migration worldwide represents a challenge of what type of interaction?

A) inside-out
B) outside-in
C) top-down
D) bottom-up

Question 10

Whether within or between countries, migrants are affecting growth in urban populations worldwide. This speaks to which fact about migration?

A) Migration is mostly an urban affair.
B) Urbanization in developing populations often means growing slums.
C) Development makes migration more likely.
D) Over the long run, migration policies have become less restrictive.

Question 11

Many migrants, especially in developing countries, have been forced to settle in areas without basic public services and poor housing quality. This speaks to which fact about migration?

A) Migration is mostly an urban affair.
B) Urbanization in developing populations often means growing slums.
C) Development makes migration more likely.
D) Over the long run, migration policies have become less restrictive.

Question 12

The argument that Europe has seen a reverse trend in migration between colonial times and today is largely ______.

A) a consequence of rising wages and living standards
B) the impact of remittance payments back to migrants' countries of origin
C) fewer migrants are emigrating to the New World
D) a Euro-centric view that lacks perspective on global trends

Question 13

Contrary to intuition, people in the poorest countries are the least mobile. This speaks to which fact about migration?

A) Migration is mostly an urban affair.
B) Urbanization in developing populations often means growing slums.
C) Development makes migration more likely.
D) Over the long run, migration policies have become less restrictive.

Question 14

Some research has shown that when poor countries successfully receive aid for development, ______.

A) migration from those poor countries will increase
B) migration from those poor countries will decrease
C) migration from those countries will remain unchanged
D) migration from those countries will not be affected by development

Question 15

That deportation and border control has targeted specific groups rather than the general population of migrants speaks to which fact about migration?

A) Migration is mostly an urban affair.
B) Urbanization in developing populations often means growing slums.
C) Development makes migration more likely.
D) Over the long run, migration policies have become less restrictive.

Question 16

Understanding actual amounts or rates of migration is dependent on understanding ______.

A) push factors
B) pull factors
C) government policy
D) demands for migration

Question 17

Political or systematic discrimination leading to migration is an example of a ______.

A) push factor
B) pull factor
C) government policy
D) demand for migration

Question 18

The observation that countries with open trade policies restrict migration and vice-versa speaks to an understanding that migration is affected by ______.

A) global trade and markets
B) prejudices against foreigners
C) ideological approaches
D) structural dependency

Question 19

In the argument over migration policy, some argue that restricting migration restricts the free market, while others argue that with open migration come security risks. This demonstrates the impact of ______ on migration.

A) global trade and markets
B) prejudices against foreigners
C) ideological approaches
D) structural dependency

Question 20

That migration patterns tend to reflect and reinforce inequality at many levels, from national to individual, reflects the argument that migration is also affected by ______.

A) global trade and markets
B) prejudices against foreigners
C) ideological approaches
D) structural dependency

Question 21

Despite border tightening, migration from North Africa into Spain has increased because initially, ______.

A) smuggling evolved from a small-scale operation to a largely professionalized and profitable one
B) circular routes were cut off, prompting many to remain in Spain, while others attempted illegal entry
C) new visa rules encouraged migrants to stay for a few months or years, and only as skilled and unskilled labor
D) North Africans included not only Moroccans, but also Algerians, Libyans, and Tunisians, who have been joined by West Africans and Syrians

Question 22

Regarding the issue of risky and illegal migration practices, in the context of international studies, researchers argue that ______.

A) smugglers should be praised as heroes much like abolitionists who smuggled slaves from the Southern United States to the North
B) smugglers should be understood as actors who play a role in response to the policies of other actors
C) smugglers should be recognized as business people and service providers rather than human traffickers
D) smugglers should be prosecuted or combated in response to the deaths of migrants to halt or reduce their activities

Question 23

Which of the following best describes the lump of labor fallacy?

A) Wages and employment in Miami remained stable despite an influx of 45,000 Cuban migrants in the 1980s.
B) A large share of Latino migrants in the United States do jobs that Americans are generally unwilling to do.
C) Restricting the working hours of migrant workers will allow unworked hours to accrue to unemployed workers.
D) The prevention of migration deprives the global economy from massive growth potential.

Question 24

Migration may be good for economies on the whole, but the issue of substitutability poses challenges for specific groups in society. One example of this in the United States is represented by the fact that ______.

A) new immigrants can often 'crowd out' earlier immigrants for the same jobs
B) low-skilled immigrants compete with low-skilled American workers for the same jobs
C) migrants, as entrants into the U.S. labor market, will deprive native-born workers of a job
D) immigrants do not compete with native-born workers for the same jobs

Question 25

The impact of immigration on public service provision and the welfare state in industrialized countries is often ______.

A) positive, because most migrants are healthy, working-age people who do not require state-sponsored welfare support
B) negative, because most migrants are more likely to receive social benefits than are native-born households
C) positive, because illegal immigrants do not receive social benefits or state support
D) negative, because some immigrants are able to receive social benefits despite not being in host countries legally

Question 26

The United States is unusual in its practice of ______.

A) birthright citizenship
B) inherited citizenship
C) citizenship naturalization
D) cultural citizenship

Question 27

The idea that someone could be "too American to feel at home anywhere else, but too foreign to feel at home in America" is an example of issues with ______.

A) birthright citizenship
B) inherited citizenship
C) citizenship naturalization
D) cultural citizenship

Question 28

Which of the following is correct? Along with numerous effects on migrants' host countries, migration also affects home countries by ______.

A) shrinking the labor market and economy
B) facilitating the spread of outside ideas and attitudes
C) creating tensions between social groups
D) increasing urban population and growth

Question 29

African doctors' emigration to developed countries often does little in the way of supporting or rewarding universities in their home countries. This outcome is an example of a ______.

A) positive effect on home country economies
B) negative effect on home country economies
C) positive effect on home country human capital
D) negative effect on home country human capital

Question 30

The incentive to pursue an education in the home country--in the hopes of emigration--has led an overall improvement in development regardless of migration figures. The outcome is an example of a ______.

A) positive effect on home country economies
B) negative effect on home country economies
C) positive effect on home country human capital
D) negative effect on home country human capital

Question 31

One important factor in determining whether people have been trafficked, or if they are migrating voluntarily, is whether ______.

A) home countries have shared cultural understandings and child labor laws
B) they agreed to provide labor in exchange for a loan
C) they were involved with smugglers to complete their journey
D) victimization occurred at some point in their migration

Question 32

Despite international attempts, few countries have signed on to international migration monitoring efforts, and those that have are overwhelmingly 'sending' rather than 'receiving' countries. As such, migration is intertwined with the force of ______.

A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

Question 33

On the one hand, migration from poor to rich countries can have strong, positive effects on the economies of host countries; however, this often results in an increase in urban populations, for better or for worse. As such, migration is intertwined with the force of ______.

A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

Question 34

Migrants' ability to transfer money to support family as well as the development of the home country as a whole speaks to the ways in which migration is intertwined with the force of ______.

A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

Question 35

The rise of multinational corporations that attract migrant labor, as well as the proliferation of non-state actors dedicated to monitoring and protecting human rights, shows that migration is intertwined with the force of ______.

A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

Question 36

Seasonal workers are often engaged in circular migration.

Question 37

Voluntary migration involves movement for economic reasons.

Question 38

Asylum seekers have the right to seek asylum, but not always have the right to receive it.

Question 39

Despite upward trends in migration, rural migration remains stable.

Question 40

A large proportion of migrants contribute to the growth of slums in the developing world.

Question 41

The majority of international migrants settle in more developed countries.

Question 42

Smugglers are often to blame for exacerbating migration crises.

Question 43

Even among high-skilled and educated workers, there is a tension between the perceived economic and social effects of migration and norms and values regarding cultural diversity.

Question 44

Remittances are worth more and can often be more effective for development than foreign aid.

Question 45

The notion of 'brain gain' is the idea that host countries gain the resources of the best and brightest immigrants.

Question 46

Describe some of the recent trends in global migration over the last 20 years. What are some of the challenges posed by these trends, and what efforts exist (or should exist) to overcome them? Frame your argument in the context of global forces in international studies.

Question 47

There are many myths and facts surrounding migration. Discuss some of the myths and leverage real-world examples to support your arguments confirming or dispelling these myths.

Question 48

Why do people migrate? Discuss what affects peoples' decisions--and ability--to do so, as well as some of the consequences of relevant factors. Make an argument as to the significance of the various factors involved, and what can (or should) be done in response.

Question 49

What are the impacts of migration on immigrants, their new host countries, and their home countries? Explain using real-world evidence and evaluate the popular claims.

Question 50

Does migration lead to brain drains, or instead brain gains? Explain your argument using real-world evidence to illustrate the effects of migration.