Deck 8: Cell Differentiation Stem Cells

Question 1

Which of the following is not associated with terminal differentiation?

A) Cells assume specific shapes associated with function
B) It is often controlled by master regulatory genes
C) Differentiated cells are highly proliferative
D) Cell fate is controlled by a specific combinations of genes

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is not true of epigenetic control?

A) It hinges on the methylation status of DNA
B) It refers to changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence
C) It involves post-translational modifications to histone proteins
D) The pattern of modifications on chromatin can be transmitted to daughter cells.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the correct flow of skeletal muscle development in a vertebrate embryo?

A) Myotome - myoblast - myotube - muscle fiber
B) Myoblast - myotome - myotube - muscle fiber
C) Myotome - myoblast - muscle fiber - myotube
D) Myotome - myotube - myoblast - muscle fiber

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of the MyoD protein?

A) It promotes downstream muscle-specific transcription factors
B) It promotes its own production in a positive-feedback loop
C) Mouse knock-outs lacking MyoD function do not develop skeletal muscle
D) It is only expressed in muscle precursors and muscle cells

Question 5

Which of the following surrounds a stem cell and maintains its proliferative state and self-renewal capabilities?

A) Stem-cell niche
B) Stem-cell milieu
C) Stem-cell marrow
D) Stem-cell complex

Question 6

Which of the options given is the DNA control region that regulates switching in the beta-family globin genes during development?

A) Globin control region
B) Locus enhancer region
C) Globin activation region
D) Locus control region

Question 7

Epidermal skin stem cells reside within the basal layer of the epidermis, just above the basement membrane and the dermis. What is the stem-cell niche for these particular stem cells?

A) The basement membrane
B) Neighbouring epidermal cells
C) Sebaceous glands
D) Sweat glands

Question 8

The epithelial lining of the small intestine is exposed to a harsh environment and undergoes continuous cell loss. In which region of the small intestine do stem cells reside?

A) The goblet
B) The villus
C) The mesenchyme
D) The crypt

Question 9

From which group of cells are embryonic stem cells derived?

A) Trophectoderm
B) Primitive endoderm
C) Extra-embryonic ectoderm
D) Inner cell mass

Question 10

Which of the following is not true of somatic cell nuclear transfer?

A) It is used to produce animal clones
B) A nucleus from an adult differentiated cell is often used
C) It can be used to create patient-specific stem cells
D) The resulting embryo is genetically identical to the egg donor