Deck 3: Sources of Stress Across the Lifespan

Question 1

The transactional model of stress involves primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of appraisal.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which statement is not true with regard to sex?

A)Stress can increase impotency in men.
B)Stress can increase sexual drive.
C)Stress can decrease chances of experiencing an orgasm.
D)All of the above are true.
E)None of the above are true.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

How to define ageism?

A)It is a loss of physical and mental capacity to perform daily functions.
B)It is a belief that you "lose it if you don't use it."
C)It is a negative view about getting old.
D)It is facing the fact about the prospect of an impending death.
E)It is a feeling of not accomplishing all goals set when younger.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The number of elderly individuals with health problems is expected to ______ in the next 20 years.

A)increase
B)decrease
C)stay the same

Question 5

According to Neimeyer, the goal of grieving the death of a loss one is to:

A)"let go" and move on with your life.
B)always keep thinking about the person as if he or she didn't really die.
C)find a way to hold on to your thoughts about the person, but with less pain.
D)construct a shrine about the person in a spare room of the house.

Question 6

According to the transactional model of stress, which cognitive event during a stress reaction will identify the nature of the environmental demand upon the person, or the relationship between the event and one's personal goals?

A)primary appraisal
B)secondary appraisal
C)tertiary appraisal
D)scheming
E)coping

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding prenatal and infant stress?

A)High cortisol levels in the baby are good for brain health.
B)Fetuses are immune from stress effects.
C)Stress hormones can cause premature births.
D)Mother's stress level is not related to the stress level of the baby.

Question 8

Adjustments to retirement in the US may be accompanied by which stress factors?

A)the empty feeling of not being as productive as we once were
B)feeling marginalized
C)feeling dependent
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 9

Describe Havighurst's developmental-task theory.

Question 10

You will find a summary of developmental stages in a table in Chapter 3. Beginning with the first stage, infancy, and concluding with the last stage, old age, provide a brief description of the age range, developmental tasks, and major stressors within each stage.

Question 11

Describe Lazarus' transactional model of stress and provide an example that would highlight each of the components of the model.

Question 12

Adolescents develop better coping strategies as they mature. Unfortunately, some adolescents lack emotional maturity, a supportive family, or a social support group. This lack may lead to inadequate coping strategies and behaviors. What are those inadequate coping strategies and behaviors, and what negative consequences may result?

Question 13

What are some similarities and differences between men and women college students with regard to stress and problems that may arise during this time?

Question 14

If someone is considering suicide, what are some things that you should consider to determine whether the person is truly suicidal or not?

Question 15

Is alcohol consumption a problem among college students? Support your answer with detailed statistics and information provided in your text. Can drinking alcohol be an effective stress reliever? Why or why not?

Question 16

List and describe five psychological factors related to stress and sex.

Question 17

When intervening with someone who seems bent on self-destruction, consider the following except:

A)Find out if there is a plan.
B)Check out the ability to carry out the plan.
C)Observe whether the person has made arrangements.
D)Note signs of serious depression.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 18

Which one is an effective means for reducing chronic stress?

A)sex
B)drugs
C)rock and roll
D)alcohol
E)none of the above

Question 19

In a 2003 study by Feldman, the greatest stressor for women was getting good grades, while the greatest stressor for men was their concerns about the future.

Question 20

Effective means for temporarily coping with stress include engaging in sex, taking drugs,or drinking alcohol.

Question 21

Most old people suffer memory problems that interfere with their ability to recall basic information.

Question 22

According to Robert Neimeyer, the goal of grieving is not to let go but rather to find a way to hold on with much less pain.

Question 23

According to Havighurst, specific challenges arising during particular stages in life are defined as:

A)ego builders.
B)developmental tasks.
C)motor milestones.
D)lifespan challenges.

Question 24

Which item is not true about the Transactional Model of Stress?

A)It was proposed by Richard Lazarus.
B)It studies the relationship between an external event and an internal event.
C)It involves cognitive appraisal or interpretation.
D)It depicts an inverted-U relationship between arousal and performance.

Question 25

The HPA response to stress does not begin operating until this stage:

A)prenatal
B)infancy
C)middle childhood
D)later childhood
E)adolescence

Question 26

According to the theory of fetal origins of adult disease, if your mother had diabetes during pregnancy, your risk for diabetes as an adult is:

A)not changed.
B)increased.
C)decreased.

Question 27

What does a secondary appraisal involve?

A)individual's resources to cope with stress
B)environmental factors that may reduce stress
C)severity of the stressful situation
D)financial health

Question 28

Puberty brings about many physiological and psychological changes, as well as changes related to the family and relationships. Which of the following will happen during adolescence?

A)Family becomes more influential while peer groups become less important.
B)Family becomes less influential while peer groups become more important.
C)Teachers become more important than parents.
D)Sports are more influential than academics.

Question 29

Avoidance and problem-focused are the two most common coping strategies for this age group:

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)early adulthood
E)later adulthood

Question 30

Many researchers, including Larson and Ham, believe that this age group experiences a higher rate of distress, greater number of negative events, and is the most challenging stage of life:

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)early adulthood
E)later adulthood

Question 31

At this stage of life, one's main developmental tasks include identity development, planning for future work, organizing time, sexual orientation, and peer roles:

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)early adulthood
E)later adulthood

Question 32

Sarah will usually eat an entire pizza at one sitting. Eating seems to reduce her stress. But Sarah also feels guilty after eating such a large portion of food. She knows that eating as much as she did will add several pounds to what she believes is her fat body. To remedy the problem, Sarah will stick her index finger down her throat to induce vomiting. What type of eating disorder is this?

A)bulimia nervosa
B)anorexia nervosa
C)overeating
D)easy come, easy go nervosa
E)emotional dietetics

Question 33

Among 15- to 24-year-olds, the three leading causes of death are:

A)heart disease, cancer, stroke.
B)heart disease, cancer, accidents.
C)cancer, accidents, suicide.
D)accidents, suicide, heart disease.
E)accidents, homicide, suicide.

Question 34

List and describe three myths of aging.