Deck 1: Introduction and Overview

Question 1

The vast majority of tests and assessments used in academic, clinical, and employment contexts for prediction purposes are focused on ________ differences.

A) Inter-individual
B) Extra-individual
C) Intra-individual (maturation)
D) Intra-individual (constructs)

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Ryan is applying for an entry level job where he will be trained on most job duties. As a result, the employer will most heavily rely on his _____ test scores.

A) ability
B) aptitude
C) personality
D) achievement

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Most licensing and credential exams can best be described as _______ testing.

A) absolute
B) achievement
C) norm-referenced
D) criterion-referenced

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According the Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar (2021) Module 1, the major opposition to using standardized tests to make important decisions is _________.

A) the lack of norms
B) the use of too many tests at one time
C) if it is the sole basis used to make the decision
D) most individuals don't know what the scores mean

Question 5

While test users should always be concerned with the psychometric properties of tests and assessment, they should also be concerned with practical issues such as ______.

A) cost effectiveness
B) construct validity
C) predictive bias
D) inter-rater reliability

Question 6

The APGAR Test presented in Module 1 of the Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar (2021) text was to demonstrate that ______________.

A) tests tend to be complicated
B) validity should always be the main concern
C) tests take decades to develop and validate
D) a relatively simple test can have a lot of utility

Question 7

If a career counselor used a series of different tests to determine which career path would be best for a given client, then she would be focusing on what type of differences?

A) Inter-individual
B) Extra-individual
C) Intra-individual (maturation)
D) Intra-individual (constructs)

Question 8

One key take-home message from Module 1 of the Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar (2021) text was that ___________.

A) validity should be your primary concern
B) cost effectiveness should be your primary concern
C) there are too many constituents in the testing process
D) testing and assessment is as much political as it is psychometric

Question 9

The issue of "test taking expertise" discussed in Module 1 of the Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar (2021) text has its largest implications for ________.

A) diversity concerns
B) testing constituents
C) construct validity assessment
D) intra-individual differences

Question 10

How is it that the same test could be labelled as an achievement, aptitude, and/or an ability test? What is the main difference in these various types of tests?

Question 11

What are main concerns and issues of the various testing constituents discussed in Module 1 of the Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar text?

Question 12

What is the difference between inter-individual, intra-individual (maturation), and intra-individual (constructs) individual difference estimates? Can you provide an example when you might use each?

Question 13

Why do Shultz, Whitney, and Zickar (2021) refer to the testing process as a political? What are the key issues that make it a political process?

Question 14

What are the key factors that impact the ability of tests and assessment to accurately assess individual differences in terms of diversity?