Deck 27: The Emergence of New Nations in a Cold War World 1945 - 1970

Question 1

Unwilling to confront each other head-on, the U.S. and USSR fought __________ in smaller, contained areas such as Korea and Vietnam

A) cold wars
B) puppet wars
C) backchannel wars
D) proxy wars

Answer 1

D

Question 2

To raise the low wartime birthrate, Stalin

A) introduced an intense propaganda campaign emphasizing that women should hold down jobs and also fulfill their "true nature" by producing many children
B) offered incentive payments for each subsequent child a woman bore
C) provided free childcare and tax credits
D) limited access to abortion and birth control

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The general U.S. policy of countering possible Communist rule with economic and military aid was known as

A) containment
B) the Marshall Plan
C) European Recovery Program
D) the Truman Doctrine

Answer 3

D

Question 4

After World War II, Germany was divided into four zones controlled by

A) the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain, and France
B) France, Belgium, the United States, and Britain
C) the United Nations, France, Britain, and the Soviet Union
D) the Netherlands, Switzerland, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations

Question 5

The Berlin Airlift was launched after

A) the Soviet Union refused to hand over its zone of Berlin to the western powers
B) Soviet troops blockaded the western three zones of Berlin
C) the western powers merged their three zones into one, forming the state of West Germany
D) the East German government began construction of the Berlin Wall

Question 6

In 1949, the Chinese Nationalists were defeated by the Communist faction led by

A) Jiang Jieshi
B) Chiang Kai-shek
C) Mao Zedong
D) Mai-ling Soong

Question 7

The Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact in response to

A) the United States, Canada, and their European allies forming the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
B) the Korean War ending in a stalemate
C) the United States forcing France and Britain to invite West Germany to join NATO
D) the founding of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization

Question 8

The Bay of Pigs invasion in Cuba resulted in

A) Castro's forces overthrowing the island's corrupt regime
B) the island's turn to the Soviet Union and Communism
C) the sinking of U.S. ships and capture of over 1,000 American invaders by Cuban forces
D) the overthrow of Castro

Question 9

Britain had promised in the 1930s to grant India its independence, but postponed the plan

A) when war broke out
B) when Parliament realized the economic costs of the move
C) in light of public opposition in Britain
D) until it established new sources of rubber

Question 10

The splitting of British India into an independent India for Hindus and the new state of Pakistan for Muslims was known as

A) Division
B) Separation
C) Partition
D) Severance

Question 11

In the closing days of World War II, in an attempt to foil the Dutch, the Japanese

A) allowed Achmed Sukarno and his followers to declare Indonesia an independent state
B) encouraged a campaign of guerilla warfare in Indonesia
C) attempted to colonize Indonesia
D) encouraged the spread of Islam in Indonesia

Question 12

After the defeat of the French by the Viet Minh, the Geneva Conference split the territory into

A) Laos, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam
B) Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam
C) North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Cambodia
D) Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos

Question 13

In 1947 _______________ agreed to divide Palestine into an Arab region and a Jewish one.

A) Britain
B) Palestine
C) the United States
D) the United Nations

Question 14

Britain, with assistance from Israel and France, attacked Egypt in response to

A) the election of Gamal Abdel Nasser as president
B) the nationalization of the Suez Canal
C) the ouster of the British-backed king
D) the discovery of oil

Question 15

Protests against British rule led by Kwame Nkrumah resulted in the independence of __________ in 1957.

A) Ghana
B) Nigeria
C) Kenya
D) British East Africa

Question 16

As the wave of liberation spread, colonial leaders were largely successful in convincing France to leave peaceably, except for the notable exception of

A) Tunisia
B) Morocco
C) Senegal
D) Algeria

Question 17

The space race took off in 1957 after

A) the Soviets sent a chimpanzee into space and successfully returned it to earth
B) the Soviet launch of the satellite Sputnik
C) American astronaut John Glenn successfully orbited the earth
D) Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space

Question 18

The application of DNA and other scientific knowledge to the production of seeds and fertilizers to raise agricultural productivity in developing parts of the world is known as the

A) Agricultural Revolution
B) Environmental Revolution
C) Green Revolution
D) Biological Revolution

Question 19

In 1957 Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, West Germany, and Italy established the European Economic Community, which later served as the foundation for the

A) Common Market
B) European Union
C) North American Free Trade Agreement
D) League of Nations

Question 20

The phenomenon of governments intervening in people's everyday lives to improve social conditions and thus prevent the political extremism and discontent of the 1930s became known as

A) the welfare state
B) socialism
C) the Green Revolution
D) family allowances

Question 21

Juan Perón's support of a welfare state and his anti-Western rhetoric won him support among Argentina's

A) merchant classes
B) upper classes
C) military
D) middle and lower classes

Question 22

The U.S. refusal to act in support of rebels in Soviet-controlled ___________ showed that, despite its rhetoric of "freedom," it would not risk World War III by military intervention in the Soviet bloc.

A) Poland
B) Czechoslovakia
C) Ukraine
D) Hungary

Question 23

Mao Zedong's economic plan to increase industrial production and modernize China was called

A) the Cultural Revolution
B) the Great Leap Forward
C) the five year plan
D) the Great Society

Question 24

Mao's Cultural Revolution was

A) an effort to reinvigorate the revolution by ridding society of the "four olds"-old customs, old habits, old culture, and old ideas
B) an economic plan to increase industrial production and modernize China
C) an effort to replace Chinese characters with a phonetic alphabet
D) a plan to move peasants away from agriculture and into the production of steel and iron on an individual basis

Question 25

The trials of Axis leaders conducted in Nuremberg and Tokyo introduced the idea of

A) human rights
B) crimes against humanity
C) existentialism
D) war crimes

Question 26

The Second Sex, perhaps the twentieth century's most influential work on women, was written by

A) Jean-Paul Sartre
B) Albert Camus
C) Tanabe Hajime
D) Simone de Beauvoir

Question 27

The U.S. used the radio network ______________ to broadcast news and propaganda around the world.

A) NPR
B) PBS
C) Voice of America
D) Air America

Question 28

The black psychologist from Martinique who wrote that the mind of the colonized person had been traumatized by the brutal imposition of an alien culture was

A) Chinua Achebe
B) Frantz Fanon
C) Bessie Head
D) Marcus Garvey

Question 29

Jawaharlal Nehru, prime minister of India, argued strongly for

A) aligning with the Soviets
B) aligning with the United States
C) playing the Soviets and the United States against each other
D) nonalignment, maintaining that nations affiliating with one side or the other would lose their identity

Question 30

The leaders at Bandung argued

A) both in favor of nationalism and in support of movements that transcended nationalism, such as pan-Islam and pan-Africanism
B) for the primacy of nationalism among the newly independent nations' concerns
C) for the primary importance of movements that transcended nationalism, such as pan-Islam and pan-Africanism
D) that ethnic divisions were of essential importance