Deck 6: Populism, Development, and Democracy in the Twentieth Century

Question 1

What best describes populism (as it is dicussed in chapter 5)?

A) It is by nature anti-democratic.
B) It is a movement strongly identifed with resistance to social change.
C) It is a general kind of politics that is not linked to any one tendency--left, right or center.
D) It is rooted in the Marxist idea of class warfare.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Juan Peron's populist appeal drew upon all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Communism
B) Nationalism
C) Popular resentment against the oligarchy
D) Charismatic authority

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Peron and other Latin American populists adhered to a strategy of development known as:

A) Liberal modernization
B) Structural adjustment
C) Laissez faire capitalism
D) Import substitution industrialization

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In the Southern Cone of Latin America, what best describes the social alliance that supported populist parties and leaders in the 20th century?

A) Landowners, the military, and industrialists
B) Industrialists, the middle class, the working class
C) The middle class, peaants, the working class
D) The peasants and the urban poor

Question 5

There were some countries and regions in Latin America that did not adopt import substitution industrialization. Which of were among those that did not adopt ISI?

A) Central America
B) Brazil
C) Chile and Argentina
D) Mexico

Question 6

The Estado Novo was:

A) An econonomic and political program in Brazil with many similatities to Peronism
B) A radical leftist experiment in Chile
C) Peron's name for his regime
D) The new regime created after the Mexican Revolution

Question 7

Populism in Chile and Venezuela differed from populism in Brazil and Argentina n period from 1930 to 1960 in what way?

A) In Chile and Venezuela the base for populism was mostly rural.
B) Neither country generated upon export revenues to support import substitution
C) Parties rather than charismatic leaders provided the political leadership for social and economic development
D) Both countries successfully modernized their agricultural sectors with support from landowners.

Question 8

Choose the most accurate statement from below:

A) The Mexican Revolution prevented populism and import substitution from taking root in Mexico.
B) Import substitution and populism in Mexico were closely linked with the PRI party in the decades after the presidency of Lazaro Cardenas PRI.
C) Import substitution was delayed in Mexico until the PRI party gave up its monopoly over national politics
D) Mexico's economic dependence on the United States prevented it from adopting import substitution in the 20th century

Question 9

Relations between the populist parties and labor unions were characterized by:

A) Corporatism
B) Repression of all unions
C) Respect for the rights of workers to form unions of their choice
D) Independence of labor unions from political parties

Question 10

"Justicialismo" is associated with:

A) The populist ideology of Juan and Eva Peron
B) The demand for land reform during the Mexican Revolution
C) Venezuelan nationalistis demand for a "fair share" of oil company profits
D) Indigenous peoples' demand for recognition of their rights

Question 11

Chile's economy has been historically strongly linked since the early 1900s to export of...

A) Oil
B) Beef
C) Copper
D) Soy beans