Deck 13: Blunt Trauma

Question 1

Blunt force trauma can result from many sources, including clubs, auto collisions, and falls from high places.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A Le Forte 1 fracture guides around which facial buttress?

A) Alveolar ridges
B) Nasofrontal process
C) Malar eminence
D) All of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following fractures to the cranial vault are most likely to occur in older persons?

A) Inner table fracture
B) Plug formation
C) Crushing of the diploe
D) Inner table crushing

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following fractures or infractions is caused by excessive torsion applied to a bone?

A) Transverse fracture
B) Spiral fracture
C) Comminuted fracture
D) Epiphyseal fracture

Question 5

Which of the following fractures or infractions involve the ends of long bones?

A) Transverse fracture
B) Spiral fracture
C) Comminuted fracture
D) Epiphyseal fracture

Question 6

Which of the following fractures or infractions involve shattering of a bone into multiple pieces?

A) Transverse fracture
B) Spiral fracture
C) Comminuted fracture
D) Epiphyseal fracture

Question 7

Which of the following fractures or infractions involves compression along the long axis of a bone?

A) Bow fracture
B) Greenstick fracture
C) Toddler's fracture
D) Depressed fracture

Question 8

Which of the following fractures or infractions involve an incomplete spiral or oblique fracture?

A) Bow fracture
B) Greenstick fracture
C) Toddler's fracture
D) Depressed fracture

Question 9

Which of the following fractures or infractions involve an incomplete transverse fracture?

A) Bow fracture
B) Greenstick fracture
C) Toddler's fracture
D) Depressed fracture

Question 10

A facial fracture that has characteristics of all Le Forte fractures guide around which facial buttress?

A) Alveolar ridges
B) Nasofrontal process
C) Malar eminence
D) All of the above

Question 11

A fracture line that originates at the superior border of the eye and travels posteriorly and superior to the temporal line is being influenced by which two cranial vault buttresses?

A) Midfrontal and Anterior temporal
B) Anterior temporal and Midoccipital
C) Midoccipital and Posterior temporal
D) All of the above

Question 12

Which aspect of wound analysis may involve fitting an instrument into traumatic injuries due to blunt force?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of shape
C) Estimation of direction
D) Estimation of energy

Question 13

Which aspect of wound analysis involves noting the amount of damage to bones exhibiting blunt force trauma?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of shape
C) Estimation of direction
D) Estimation of energy

Question 14

Which aspect of wound analysis involves counting the number of blunt trauma impact sites on a skeleton?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of number
C) Estimation of direction
D) Estimation of energy

Question 15

Which aspect of wound analysis involves tracing the fracture lines from points of impact?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of shape
C) Estimation of sequence
D) Estimation of number

Question 16

Which aspect of wound analysis involves noting which side of the victim exhibits blunt force trauma?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of shape
C) Estimation of direction
D) Estimation of energy

Question 17

Which aspect of wound analysis involves measuring the dimensions of a wound caused by blunt forces?

A) Estimation of size
B) Estimation of shape
C) Estimation of direction
D) Estimation of energy

Question 18

Which of the following types of fractures caused by blunt forces can occur in long bones?

A) Transverse fractures
B) Comminuted fractures
C) Butterfly fractures
D) All of the above

Question 19

A fracture line that originates at the zygomatic bone and travels posteriorly along the squamosal suture is being influenced by which two cranial vault buttresses?

A) Midfrontal and Anterior temporal
B) Anterior temporal and Posterior temporal
C) Midoccipital and Posterior temporal
D) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics of instruments that could cause blunt force trauma should be of concern to forensic anthropologist?

A) All of the above
B) Size
C) Shape
D) Weight

Question 21

Blunt force injuries to the top of the skull are indicative of homicide.

Question 22

A ring fracture is a type of fracture that occurs on the face.

Question 23

In the face, fracture lines usually appear between the three buttresses: malar eminence, nasofrontal process, and alveolar ridges.

Question 24

In the skull, blunt force trauma causes both inbending and outbending of the vault bones.

Question 25

Transverse fracture is a type of infraction.

Question 26

According to Alison Galloway, there are at least seven different types of infractions.

Question 27

Generally, heavy objects swung against bone can cause catastrophic injuries to bone.

Question 28

The shape of an object can be readily told from wounds resulting from blunt force trauma.

Question 29

The length of an object can be readily told from wounds resulting from blunt force trauma.

Question 30

The buttresses of the cranial vault are: midfrontal, anterior temporal, midoccipital, and posterior temporal.

Question 31

The edges of bone in ring fractures to the skull base include both inward and outward beveling.

Question 32

Determining cause and manner of death in cases of blunt force trauma is as difficult as that for projectile trauma.

Question 33

Repeated blows to the same area of a bone (e.g., skull) cannot be determined from characteristics of the fracture.

Question 34

Forensic anthropologists should attempt to determine the number and sequence of events causing blunt force trauma.

Question 35

When estimating the energy of the instrument causing blunt force trauma, forensic anthropologists must consider both weight and speed.

Question 36

Estimating the direction of the instrument that caused blunt force trauma is the hardest aspect of wound analysis to determine.

Question 37

In some cases, the shape of the instrument causing blunt force trauma can be easily seen, as when a person is hit with a hammer.

Question 38

Forensic anthropologists should attempt to estimate the size and shape of an instrument that causes blunt force trauma.

Question 39

Butterfly fractures occur only in long bones.

Question 40

Which of the following causes of death is possible in cases of blunt force trauma?

A) Homicide
B) Suicide
C) Accident
D) All of the above