Deck 9: Role of Biomedical Technology

Question 1

Technology assessment in the United States is

A) Performed by the state governments
B) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
C) Highly centralized in one agency
D) Highly fragmented and sporadic

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Bioethics deals with the application of

A) ethical analysis to issues of health care
B) religious values to the field of healthcare
C) individual personal moral code to the issues of healthcare
D) political expediency to controversial issues in healthcare

Answer 2

A

Question 3

ARTs involving two parties include

A) Intrauterine Insemination IUI)
B) In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
C) Egg/sperm/embryo donation
D) All of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The assistive reproductive procedure of in vitro fertilization results in a surplus of embryos resulting in ALL EXECPT the following possible outcomes:

A) selling embryos
B) donating embryos
C) discarding embryos
D) storing embryos

Question 5

In the field of ARTs, which of the following is false with respect to "consent" form?

A) It provides information about the medical risks, benefits, and alternatives
B) Consent forms are meaningless because they are voluntary and non-binding
C) It provides for selection of options regarding the disposition of any excess embryos that may be created
D) In most cases, courts have viewed such consent agreements as legal contracts between both members of the couple

Question 6

Couples from affluent countries traveling to low-income countries for the purpose of achieving conception and childbirth is often called

A) Reproductive tourism
B) Fertility tourism
C) Procreative tourism
D) All of the above

Question 7

At present, the practice of surrogacy in the United States is regulated by the

A) The federal government
B) Local governments
C) State government
D) None of the above

Question 8

The Uniform Parentage Act was updated in 2017 to include which of the following new provisions except one. Which is the exception?

A) It seeks to ensure equal treatment of children by permitting and recognizing intended parents without regard to sex, sexual orientation or marital status
B) Addresses the right of door conceived child through ARTs to access medial and identifying information of a gamete donor
C) It requires disclosure of the identity of a gamete donor
D) Requires that donor is asked whether they would like their identity disclosed

Question 9

In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court in which of the following case ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

A) Obergefell v. Hodges
B) Johnson v. Calvert
C) Baby M Case
D) Rosecky v. Schissel

Question 10

Which of the following is false with respect to unintended pregnancy in the United States?

A) The highest rates of unintended pregnancy tend to be among poor/low income women aged 18 to 24
B) Unintended pregnancy rate among women tends to decrease with higher age and higher income
C) The highest rates of unintended pregnancy tend to be among women with college degrees
D) All of the above are false

Question 11

Women who get abortions in the United States tend to be

A) young,
B) unmarried,
C) poor or have low-income.
D) All of the above

Question 12

In which of the following case did the United States Supreme Court legalized abortion?

A) Griswold v. Connecticut
B) Planned Parenthood v. Casey
C) Casey v. Population Services International
D) Roe v. Wade

Question 13

State efforts to make it more difficult to get an abortion include all of the following except one. Which is the exception?

A) Requiring woman seeking abortion to undergo an ultra sound
B) Requiring woman to undergo counseling
C) Requiring a waiting period
D) All of the above

Question 14

Emergency contraception often called

A) Medical abortion
B) Partial Birth Abortion
C) Morning after pill
D) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is false about RU-486?

A) It is sometimes referred to medication abortion
B) It is designed to prevent pregnancy
C) It is sometimes referred to as non-surgical abortion
D) RU-486 is the same as the "morning after pill"

Question 16

Which of the following is false about the right-to-die movement?

A) The origins of the right to die-movement can be traced back to 1990 when a patient suffering from Alzheimer committed suicide using a suicide machine built by Dr. Jack Kevorkian
B) The origin of the right to die movement in the United States can be traced back to 1975 when Derek Humphry helped his wife who was dying from cancer, take her own life
C) The idea of a right to die was born in an environment of informed consent and patient's right to making autonomous choices
D) In the beginning, the right to die was framed as a right to refuse life-prolonging treatments and not as a right to die

Question 17

In 1994 which state became the first state to legalize Physician assisted suicide (PAS)?

A) Wisconsin
B) Washington
C) California
D) Oregon

Question 18

Proponents of the right-to-die assert that

A) Individuals have a right to die with dignity and to determine when to end their lives
B) The right to die like the right to give informed consent reflects a triumph of patient autonomy
C) Passive, as well as active euthanasia, is justified
D) All of the above

Question 19

Opponents of the right-to-die assert all of the following except one to justify their opposition. Which is the exception?

A) Suicide is wrong on religious and theological grounds
B) Suicide is harmful to the community and the common good
C) Both passive and active euthenasia my be justified under certain circumstances
D) no human being has a right to decide, for himself/herself or for others, when life is no longer worth living

Question 20

In which of the following case did the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a competent person has a constitutionally protected right to refuse lifesaving hydration and nutrition?

A) Karen Quinlan case
B) Nancy Cruzan case
C) Barbara Howe Case
D) None of the above

Question 21

In which of the following case did the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the state of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act and rule ruled that the federal government did not have the authority to prosecute physicians under the federal drug laws?

A) Gonzales v. Oregon
B) George W. Bush v. Oregon
C) United States v. Oregon
D) None of the above

Question 22

Which of the following right-to-die cases garner a great deal of national publicity and news coverage during the 1990s and 2000s?

A) Nancy Cruzan Case
B) Karen Quinlan Case
C) Terry Schiavo case
D) None of the above

Question 23

In 2009, physicians were given legal authority to administer lethal doses of medication by the

A) state legislature
B) state judicial system
C) citizens' initiative via the popular vote
D) office of the governor.

Question 24

In which of the following case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that New York state law prohibiting physician assisted suicide did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

A) Washington v. Glucksberg
B) Gonzales v. Oregon
C) Myers v. Schneiderman
D) Vacco v. Quill

Question 25

In 2014 which of the following person's right-to-die with dignity focused the nation's attention on the issue of PAS?

A) Brittany Maynard
B) Nancy Cruzan
C) Terry Schiavo
D) All of the above

Question 26

Among states that allow physician assisted suicide, common elements/provisions include all of the following except one. Which is the exception?

A) Patient requesting lethal dose medication must be at least 18 years of age
B) Patient must make at least two requests of his/her physician for a lethal dose of prescription two to three weeks apart. One of the requests must be in writing
C) All physicians must participate and comply with patient's request
D) Physician prescribing a lethal dose of medication to a patient to help him/her own life must be a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathy (D.O.)

Question 27

Examination of physician-assisted suicide data from the state of Oregon and Washington demonstrated that

A) In any given year, between 64 to 80 percent of patients were over the age of 65
B) Male patients used PAS more compared to female patients
C) Largest plurality of patients (often close to 50 percent) who utilized physician assistance in ending their lives had a bachelor's degree or higher
D) All of the above

Question 28

Which of the following is false about the 2015 Gallup Poll findings?

A) An over whelming majority of Americans oppose physician assisted suicide
B) A majority of Americans stated that doctors should be allowed to assist terminally ill patients in committing suicide
C) A majority of Americans expressed the view that, in general, PAS is morally acceptable
D) All of the above are false

Question 29

Advance directives can be a

A) living will
B) durable power of attorney for healthcare
C) physician assisted suicide
D) a and b only

Question 30

Opposition to the physician assisted suicide has come from all of the following except one group. Which is the exception?

A) Evangelical and born-again Christians
B) Catholic Church
C) Whites
D) Hispanic and African-Americans