Deck 5: Surface-Level Approaches to Self-Presentation

Question 1

Surface-level approaches to self-presentation are

A) those approaches that do not require much careful thought.
B) those approaches that relate strictly to physical appearance.
C) quite often generated from inner characteristics.
D) based almost entirely on genetic characteristics.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A study with MBA students found that those who valued workplace attire,

A) often used it to manage their impression.
B) rarely used it to manage their impression.
C) refused to participate in dress-down days.
D) tended to be those students working in finance or marketing.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A study with MBA students found that dressing to impress others was particularly effective for those student with the personality characteristic of

A) low Machiavellianism.
B) high Machiavellianism.
C) low self-monitoring
D) high self-monitoring.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Fashion guru Giorgio Armani recommends that businessmen should wear

A) polyester suits because they are flexible and do not crease.
B) linen because it does not wrinkle.
C) only pinstripes, an Oxford shirt, and a regimental tie.
D) sports jackets to important events like board meetings.

Question 5

A fashion consultant recommends that women in higher-level positions should

A) wear the highest heels they can comfortably manage.
B) pay as much attention to their appearance as possible.
C) reapply make up about four times per day.
D) focus on practicality rather than fashion.

Question 6

An image consultant recommends that when wearing a suit, men should also wear

A) sharply pointed shoes.
B) a floral tie.
C) a long-sleeve shirt.
D) a short-sleeve shirt.

Question 7

A general principle about dressing correctly for an employment interview is to

A) have clothing match the culture of the industry of the potential employer.
B) dress as if you were applying for the CEO position of the potential employer.
C) wear business casual clothing to avoid appearing stiff.
D) dress as if you are applying for the position of a Wall Street investment banker.

Question 8

A study found that an impression of sexy dress for women in a managerial position, led to her being perceived as

A) more competent than a woman dressed in business attire.
B) less competent than a woman dressed in business attire.
C) quite modern in outlook.
D) quite traditional in outlook.

Question 9

A study found that for women a sexy self-presentation creates a negative impression in

A) low-status jobs, but not in high-status jobs.
B) high-status jobs, but not in low-status jobs.
C) manufacturing positions but not in finance positions.
D) finance positions but not in manufacturing positions.

Question 10

Obesity status is part of impression management because

A) being perceived as obese will often contribute to a negative image.
B) obese people are often the object of job discrimination.
C) obesity is calculated into body-mass index.
D) obesity will often lead to a concern about body image.

Question 11

A meta-analysis of studies found that height has a

A) negative relationship with success in the workplace for women.
B) negative relationship with success in the workplace for men.
C) positive relationship with success in the workplace.
D) negative relationship with success in the workplace.

Question 12

A key underlying factor that height is related to success in the workplace is that

A) height appears to be linked to self-esteem and social esteem.
B) people above-average in height are likely to be more energetic.
C) people below-average in height are likely to be more energetic.
D) height is positively correlated with tendencies toward self-monitoring.

Question 13

Etiquette expert Letitia Baldrige believes that displaying etiquette contributes to creating a favorable impression because success in the workplace is

A) mostly all image and very little substance.
B) a question of ethics and a refined appearance.
C) based on personal contacts.
D) consideration of others and a kind heart.

Question 14

An etiquette specialist contends that many younger workers have

A) top-notch interpersonal and etiquette skills but are weaker in technical skills.
B) top-notch technical skills but are weaker in interpersonal and etiquette skills.
C) just want to earn a high income but do not care about impression management.
D) just care about impression management but do not want to earn a high income.

Question 15

Which one of the following is the least likely to contribute to a positive first impression?

A) appearing calm in contrast to displaying indicators of nervousness
B) projecting an image of positive health and energy
C) rapid speaking, including a fusion of words.
D) the appropriateness of the dress for the occasion

Question 16

In terms of its contribution to impression management, nonverbal communication is

A) much more important than verbal communication.
B) at least as important as verbal communication.
C) considerably less important than verbal communication.
D) mostly important in terms of negative impressions.

Question 17

A study suggested that people who are perceived to be physically attractive tend to receive salaries

A) 8 to 10 percent higher.
B) 8 to 10 percent lower.
C) twice as high.
D) half as high.

Question 18

Which one of the following characteristics is not typical of the Alpha-style executive?

A) high performance expectations for self and others
B) direct communication style
C) self-confident and opinionated
D) undisciplined

Question 19

Your personal brand tells other people

A) what makes you unique.
B) your work history.
C) which quality defects you might have.
D) the nature of your private self.

Question 20

A useful way of looking at your personal brand in terms of impression management is that your brand is your

A) collection of visible shortcomings.
B) professional self.
C) personal self.
D) collection of strengths and weaknesses.

Question 21

Inner characteristics often contribute to and influence surface-level characteristics.

Question 22

A study with MBA students found that men tended to have a stronger interest in clothing, and worried more about their appearance than did their female counterparts.

Question 23

An executive recruiter recommends that when women executives attend an after-hours business social occasion, they should dress as sexily as feasible such as wearing a backless dress and showing cleavage.

Question 24

A study suggested that wearing sexy clothing is likely to lower the perception of competence among women in managerial positions.

Question 25

Complaining a lot about your health on the job is said to help create a positive impression because the complaining suggests that you are health conscious.

Question 26

An analysis of a group of studies suggest that a person's height can affect managerial perceptions of his or her job performance.

Question 27

What constitutes rudeness has come to develop universal meaning rather than being dependent on the perceptions of the target.

Question 28

The organizational actor who displays good etiquette in the presence of his or her targets will usually enhance his or her self-presentation.

Question 29

Impression management through first impressions is confined almost exclusively to verbal cues.

Question 30

One reason that nonverbal behavior is so important in impression management is that words are easier to fake than body language.

Question 31

A positive impression is likely to be created by alternating eye contact with a focus on the chin, mouth, or one side of the message sender's face.

Question 32

It has been observed that the person who sits directly opposite the leader is typically argumentative, thereby creating a negative impression with many others.

Question 33

Alpha executives are known for being supportive of colleagues who disagree with them.

Question 34

Alpha executives tend to attain exceptional productivity while at the same time finding energy for a high level of work and physical fitness.

Question 35

Your personal brand is much like your private self.

Question 36

One conception of the personal brand is the professional identity you create in the minds of others.

Question 37

Attaining visibility in or outside the organization is helpful in supporting the self- descriptions of a personal brand.

Question 38

Your personal brand excludes your presence on the Web.

Question 39

Observations by a consultant suggest that it is the executives who have achieved a personal brand to the extent of rock-star status who get the best results for their business.

Question 40

Videoconferencing is another area in which first impressions are important.