Deck 15: The Structure of the Language System

Question 1

McCarthy and Warrington observed that some patients showed impairment to a passive phonological store involved in unrelated word list repetition, but were good at repeating sentences, and others showed an impairment to a memory system involving meaningful sentence repetition, but could repeat lists of unrelated words. This is called:

A)Alignment
B)Backwards translation
C)Central translation
D)Association
E)Double dissociation

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which perspective states that capacity limitations arise from the architecture of the language system, and from individual differences in reading experience?

A)Prototypical perspective
B)Context-sensitive perspective
C)Insubordinate perspective
D)Autonomous perspective
E)Connectionist perspective

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Understanding speech necessitates the auditory analysis of incoming speech in order to access a representation of stored spoken word forms. This happens in the:

A)Phonological input store
B)Articulatory control output system
C)Phonological output store
D)Central executive
E)Visuo-spatial sketchpad

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to Caplan, most language processes are:

A)Slow and mostly automatic
B)Fast and mostly voluntary
C)Mandatory and automatic
D)Optional and automatic
E)Fast, optional, and mostly automatic

Question 5

The neuropsychological data suggest that there are:

A)Distinct lexical systems for reading and writing, but listening and speaking use the same lexical system
B)Distinct lexical systems for listening and speaking, but reading and writing use the same lexical system
C)No distinct lexical systems; reading, writing, listening, and speaking use the same lexical system
D)No distinct lexical systems for speaking and writing, but distinct lexical systems for reading and listening
E)Distinct lexical systems for reading, writing, listening, and speaking

Question 6

How many routes can be used for word repetition?

A)One
B)Two
C)Four
D)Five
E)Three

Question 7

Working memory has a number of components; the most important for language is the:

A)Chief corporate executive
B)Short-term memory
C)Phonological loop
D)Articulatory control processes
E)Visuo-spatial sketchpad

Question 8

The size or efficacy of working memory capacity determines:

A)Mathematical skills
B)Spatial skills
C)Second language acquisition
D)Recognition skills
E)Reading span

Question 9

Who argued that language processing makes use of two distinct working memory systems; one dedicated to controlled verbally mediated tasks, and one dedicated to automatic, obligatory "routine" language processing?

A)Waters and Caplan
B)Skinner
C)Piaget
D)Gardner
E)Bowerman

Question 10

Which of the following predicts success at foreign language vocabulary acquisition?

A)Matching skills
B)Recognition skills
C)Nonword repetition skills
D)Conservation skills
E)Spatial skills

Question 11

The degree of ASTM impairment influences language function. A span reduced to ____________ items, can have profound consequences for language processing, including single-word processing.

A)Two or three
B)Three or four
C)Five or six
D)Seven or eight
E)One or two

Question 12

There are some patients with word deafness who still have intact repetition, a condition called:

A)Profound deafness
B)Synaptic deafness
C)Word meaning deafness
D)Congenital deafness
E)Conductive deafness

Question 13

Impairment of the phonological loop hinders the ability to repeat words and nonwords; a condition known as:

A)Repetition disorder
B)Anomia
C)Aphasia
D)Alzheimer´s disease
E)Dyslexia

Question 14

In the two-word repetition task, the participant has to:

A)Repeat pairs of words back
B)Remember a number of words and nonwords
C)Remember a number of nonwords
D)Repeat single words back aloud
E)Repeat back as many digits as possible in a sequence

Question 15

The main role for the phonological loop is now thought to be limited to:

A)Word recognition
B)Repletion skills
C)Recall skills
D)Learning new words
E)Parsing

Question 16

Language research suggests that there are/is:

A)One phonological store involved in the phonological loop-the input buffer
B)Three phonological stores involved in the phonological loop-the semantic conceptualization store, the input buffer, and the output buffer
C)Four phonological stores involved in the phonological loop-the semantic store, the conceptualization store, the input buffer, and the output buffer
D)Two phonological stores involved in the phonological loop-the input buffer and the output buffer
E)An unlimited number of phonological stores involved in the phonological loop

Question 17

Inner speech is produced by the:

A)Central executive
B)Speech production system, but it stops short of full articulation
C)Visuo-spatial sketchpad
D)Pragmatic system
E)Speech production system, through to full articulation

Question 18

The contents of the phonological stores are those items in long-term representations that have become highly activated. All levels of linguistic processing may correspond to components of working memory. This is the:

A)Multiple components idea
B)Sensitive access idea
C)Discriminate idea
D)Collective components idea
E)Single components idea

Question 19

Which of the following is considered the phonological buffer of language processing?

A)Articulatory control processor
B)Short-term memory
C)Central executive
D)Visuo-spatial sketchpad
E)Phonological loop

Question 20

The idea that a central memory capacity is used in language comprehension is known as the:

A)Magnetism theory of comprehension
B)Determinism theory of centrality
C)Stem-only theory of articulation
D)Purkinje theory of comprehension
E)Capacity theory of comprehension