Deck 12: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Question 1

A(n) _____ is the general term used to refer to a chemical that alters a person's mood or behavior when it is drunk, smoked, inhaled, injected or taken in a pill form.

A) substance
B) teratogen
C) antihistamine
D) antibiotic

Answer 1

A

Question 2

To be diagnosed with substance use disorder, an individual has to meet certain criteria. Which of the following is one of the mandatory criteria to be fulfilled?

A) An individual must inhale mood altering substances
B) An individual must inject mood altering substances
C) An individual must use the substance even though it causes significant problems in their life.
D) An individual must experience frequent loss of bladder control during stressful situations

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Juliana frequently smokes marijuana and hashish, even when she is driving. As a result of her frequent use of marijuana, she has lost most of her friends. She has also lost two jobs because of her inability to function effectively. Which of the following diagnosis would best fit Juliana's condition?

A) Bipolar disorder
B) Substance use disorder
C) Korsakoff's syndrome
D) Impulse control disorder

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In the context of substance use disorder, which of the following is true?

A) The terms substance use disorder has replaced the term addiction, in part to reduce the stigma of the condition.
B) Substance use disorder causes mood alterations but cannot bring about a behavioral change.
C) DSM-5 has removed reference to substance use disorder involving any drug but alcohol.
D) It is mandatory for the person to inject substances in the liquid form in order to be diagnosed with substance use disorder.

Question 5

Substance use disorder is best defined as

A) a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms caused by the continued use of a substance, despite the substance causing significant problems in one's life.
B) the physiological and psychological changes that occur when an individual stops taking a substance after having used the substance for a significant period of time.
C) the set of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological problems caused by nutritional deficiencies.
D) the temporary maladaptive experience of behavioral or psychological changes that are due to the accumulation of a substance in the body.

Question 6

Substance _____ is a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological caused by the continued use of a substance despite the substance causing significant problems in one's life.

A) intolerance
B) use disorder
C) rejection
D) immunization

Question 7

_____ occurs when an individual requires larger and larger amounts of a substance in order to achieve its desired effects, or feels less of its effects after using the same amount of the substance.

A) Rejection
B) Withdrawal
C) Potentiation
D) Tolerance

Question 8

George had started taking cocaine a year ago. He is addicted to the feeling of euphoria brought about by cocaine. Of late, even after using the same amount of cocaine that he had been using for the past year, he feels less of its effects. This situation is referred to as

A) potentiation.
B) tolerance.
C) withdrawal.
D) rejection.

Question 9

Ruth used to get drunk after drinking two gin and tonics. Now she must drink six to get the same effect. Ruth's drinking illustrates the phenomenon of

A) tolerance.
B) withdrawal.
C) rejection.
D) potentiation.

Question 10

The physical and psychological changes that occur when an individual stops using a substance are referred to as _____ symptoms.

A) tolerance
B) intoxication
C) withdrawal
D) potentiation

Question 11

Susan has just quit smoking. Ever since she stopped smoking, she has become very testy. She feels anxious and irritable. The change in Susan's behavior and temperament after she stopped smoking is referred to as

A) tolerance.
B) potentiation.
C) withdrawal.
D) a manic episode.

Question 12

People are most likely to receive a diagnosis of substance intoxication when

A) they experience a drug's effects on their physiological functioning and show signs of significant impairment.
B) they relapse into their addiction after a few signs of withdrawal symptoms.
C) they are able to successfully cope with their withdrawal symptoms to pass from the substance abuse stage to the substance dependence stage.
D) they experience the need to increase the amount of the substance they are addicted to so that they experience the required effect.

Question 13

Individuals with substance-related disorders are most likely to also suffer from

A) hemophilia.
B) Huntington's disease.
C) Down's syndrome.
D) mood disorders.

Question 14

Clinicians classify alcohol as

A) a nervous system stimulant.
B) a histamine antagonist.
C) a nervous system depressant.
D) an antihistamine.

Question 15

In small amounts, alcohol typically

A) has depressant effects.
B) leads to cyclothymic disorder.
C) causes bipolar disorder.
D) has sedating effects.

Question 16

When alcohol is had in larger amounts, without being mixed with other depressants, the most likely result would be

A) potentiation.
B) lack of physical coordination.
C) introversion.
D) loss of confidence.

Question 17

In some instances, when two or more substances are combined, the total intoxicant effect is greater than the effect due to each substance acting alone. This intensification of effect is referred to as

A) bipolar disorder.
B) withdrawal.
C) cyclothymic disorder.
D) potentiation.

Question 18

Lisa gave into peer pressure and consumed alcohol despite the fact that she was on sleeping pills. As a consequence, she lapsed into a coma. This phenomenon is referred to as

A) cyclothymic disorder.
B) withdrawal.
C) bipolar disorder
D) potentiation.

Question 19

After having consumed large amounts of vodka at night, the following morning Caroline wakes up to a pounding headache and nausea. This condition is referred to as

A) cyclothymic disorder.
B) abstinence syndrome.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) potentiation.

Question 20

Abstinence syndrome associated with alcohol consumption is commonly referred to as

A) hangover.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) cyclothymic disorder.
D) potentiation.

Question 21

Symptoms of ________ is a symptom of alcohol-induced brain damage.

A) dementia
B) insomnia
C) thalassemia
D) dyslexia

Question 22

Which of the following is a form of aphasia in which the individual is able to produce language but has lost the ability to comprehend, so that these verbal productions have no meaning?

A) Broca's syndrome
B) Korsakoff's syndrome
C) Wernicke's disease
D) Bradykinesia

Question 23

Which of the following is the cause of Wernicke's disease?

A) Deficiency of thiamine
B) Anemia
C) Lack of melanin
D) Abnormality on chromosome 4

Question 24

After losing his job during the recession, Bob has taken to heavy drinking. This has caused much damage to his health. At present, he has lost his ability to understand. Though he is able to speak, due to his lack of comprehension his verbal productions seem to have no meaning. He finds it difficult to walk and often loses his balance. Which of the following diagnosis would best fit Bob's condition?

A) Broca's syndrome
B) Cyclothymic disorder
C) Wernicke's disease
D) Bradykinesia

Question 25

The permanent form of dementia associated with long-term alcohol use in which the individual develops retrograde and anterograde amnesia, leading to an inability to remember recent events or learn new information is called

A) Huntington's disease.
B) Broca's syndrome.
C) Korsakoff's syndrome.
D) delirium.

Question 26

Kevin suffers from chronic alcoholism. He has recently started to exhibit some distressing symptoms related dementia. He cannot remember anything from the recent past, such as where he went last month. He is also unable to remember new information, such as the names of people he has recently met. Medical tests have confirmed that excess alcohol consumption is the main reason behind his condition. However, his is able to speak clearly and carry motor tasks. It is most likely that he is suffering from

A) Korsakoff's syndrome.
B) Bell's palsy.
C) Wernicke's disease.
D) Broca's aphasia.

Question 27

Which of the following alcohol-related diseases can be reversed by having the client take thiamine supplements?

A) Korsakoff's syndrome
B) Wernicke's disease
C) Huntington's disease
D) Down's syndrome

Question 28

Which of the following is true about Wernicke's disease?

A) Wernicke's disease is a potentially reversible condition.
B) Iron deficiency is the main cause of Wernicke's disease.
C) Retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia are the primary symptoms of Wernicke's disease.
D) Abnormality on the genes of chromosome 21 causes Wernicke's disease.

Question 29

Which of the following is true about Korsakoff's syndrome?

A) Korsakoff's syndrome is a potentially reversible condition.
B) People with Korsakoff's syndrome develop retrograde amnesia.
C) Abnormality on the genes of chromosome 5 causes Korsakoff's syndrome.
D) Abnormality on the genes of chromosome 21 causes Korsakoff's syndrome.

Question 30

Retrograde amnesia involves the

A) loss of the ability to register new information.
B) inability to distinguish between colors.
C) loss of memory for past events.
D) inability to coordinate motor functions.

Question 31

Anterograde amnesia involves the

A) inability to remember new information.
B) loss of motor functions.
C) loss of memory for past events.
D) inability to produce language.

Question 32

A person with Korsakoff's syndrome is most likely to develop

A) Down's syndrome.
B) hemophilia.
C) Huntington's disease.
D) anterograde amnesia.

Question 33

Based on evidence from twin studies, the heritability of alcohol dependence is estimated to be

A) 20-30 percent.
B) 50-60 percent.
C) 70-80 percent.
D) 90-100 percent.

Question 34

Eugene, abuser man who suffers from alcohol use disorder, is given the drug naltrexone. Which of the following is Eugene most likely to experience after taking this medication?

A) A feeling of induced intoxication
B) A relapse giving into heavy drinking
C) A lesser urge to drink
D) An increased tolerance to alcohol

Question 35

_____, popularly known as antabuse, is a medication that inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, one of the enzymes responsible for metabolizing alcohol.

A) Disulfiram
B) Nalmefene
C) Naltrexone
D) Acamprosate

Question 36

Jacquelyn's doctor prescribes a popularly used drug in the treatment of alcohol use disorder to help her recover from her drinking problem. A few hours after taking the first dose, she goes out to a local bar and drinks alcohol. Within an hour, she experiences sweating, heart palpitations, dizziness, and nausea. It is most likely that Jacquelyn was prescribed

A) aldehyde dehydrogenase.
B) antihistamine.
C) nicotine.
D) disulfiram.

Question 37

Disulfiram is also known as

A) ALDH.
B) antabuse.
C) ADH.
D) fluoxetine.

Question 38

Which of the following approaches regarding alcohol use propose that there are automatic processes that generate an impulse to drink alcohol and controlled, effortful processing that regulates these automatic impulses?

A) Dual-process theory
B) Diathesis-stress model
C) Alcohol myopia theory
D) Neurodevelopmental hypothesis

Question 39

Disulfiram is a medication that operates by the principles of

A) aversion therapy.
B) modeling.
C) scaffolding.
D) classical conditioning.

Question 40

Which of the following approaches proposes that as individuals consume greater amounts of alcohol, they are more likely to make risky choices because the immediate temptation of the moment overcomes the long-term consequences of the behavior?

A) Dual-process theory
B) Diathesis-stress model
C) Alcohol myopia theory
D) Neurodevelopmental hypothesis

Question 41

According to alcohol myopia theory, as individuals consume greater amounts of alcohol, they are

A) likely to be more of an introvert.
B) more likely to make risky choices.
C) more likely to think about future consequences.
D) less likely to have thiamine deficiency.

Question 42

The primary emphasis of the Combined Behavioral Intervention method used in the treatment of alcohol dependence is on

A) enhancing reinforcement and social support for abstinence.
B) restricting the use of drugs like disulfiram and naltrexone.
C) increasing alcohol tolerance.
D) decreasing thiamine level.

Question 43

Relapse prevention is a treatment method that is based on the _____ model.

A) psychodynamic
B) expectancy
C) classical conditioning
D) diathesis-stress

Question 44

Erica has a significant problem with her alcohol use patterns and is trying to abstain from drinking. However, she goes to a party, breaks down, and has a drink. The relapse prevention model propagates that she should

A) not consider it as a sign of definite failure.
B) consider it as a sign of substance abuse.
C) consider it as a lapse of conscience.
D) consider it as a lack of self-control.

Question 45

The results of longitudinal studies rooted in the sociocultural perspective indicate that individuals who are most likely to develop alcohol use disorder had a childhood history of

A) excessive dependence on other people.
B) antisocial behavior.
C) overgratification in the oral stage.
D) medical condition requiring heavy medication.

Question 46

Most drugs of abuse directly or indirectly target the reward center of the brain by flooding its circuits with

A) substance P.
B) thiamine.
C) dopamine.
D) histamine.

Question 47

Long-term drug abuse is most likely to

A) increase the natural level of dopamine in an individual.
B) increase the number of dopamine receptors in the body.
C) decrease the risks of memory impairment.
D) decrease the level of glutamate in an individual.

Question 48

Nicky exhibits all of the classic symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Over the past two weeks, she has taken to drinking heavily. Which of the following facts best accounts for her substance abuse?

A) Anxiety disorders and substance-related disorders are linked to the same genetic markers.
B) Individuals with anxiety disorders are more likely to use substances.
C) Individuals with anxiety disorders are more likely to have eating disorders.
D) Generalized anxiety disorders are not curable.

Question 49

Which of the following substances have an activating effect on the nervous system?

A) Hypnotics
B) Teratogens
C) Stimulants
D) Sedatives

Question 50

Patrick has just been brought into the emergency room. He is exhibiting a great deal of agitation and hyperalertness. On examining him it was found that his condition was the direct result of a psychoactive substance that has an activating effect on the central nervous system. Which of the following substances is Patrick most likely to have ingested?

A) Disulfiram
B) Alcohol
C) Naltrexone
D) Cocaine

Question 51

_____ is a stimulant that affects both the central nervous and the autonomic nervous systems.

A) Disulfiram
B) Alcohol
C) Naltrexone
D) Amphetamine

Question 52

Amphetamine is a stimulant that causes

A) a decrease in blood pressure.
B) an elevation in the heart rate.
C) an increase in appetite.
D) a slowdown of the central nervous system.

Question 53

Which of the following stimulants is most likely to be used as a diet pill?

A) Disulfiram
B) Nalmefene
C) Naltrexone
D) Amphetamine

Question 54

_____ is an addictive stimulant drug that is related to amphetamine but provokes more intense central nervous system effects.

A) Peyote
B) Marijuana
C) Naltrexone
D) Methamphetamine

Question 55

_____ is a highly addictive central nervous system stimulant that an individual snorts, injects, or smokes.

A) Marijuana
B) Hashish
C) Naltrexone
D) Cocaine

Question 56

A crystallized form of cocaine that is ingested by heading and smoking is referred to as

A) crack.
B) heroin.
C) pot.
D) angel dust.

Question 57

Which of the following is one of the effects of cocaine?

A) A decrease in mental alertness
B) A feeling of extreme fatigue
C) Heightened energy
D) A decrease in blood pressure

Question 58

Within minutes of taking a drug, Sharon feels euphoric and very high on energy. It is most likely that Sharon has taken

A) cocaine.
B) nalmefene.
C) disulfiram.
D) alcohol.

Question 59

Out of the following list, the use of ________ is most highly associated with developing HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne disease.

A) hashish
B) disulfiram
C) cocaine
D) amphetamine

Question 60

Cocaine's effects are mainly due to blocking the removal of _____ from the synapses between neurons.

A) dopamine
B) histamine
C) amphetamine
D) thiamine

Question 61

Marijuana is a mix of flowers, stems, and leaves from the plant

A) Cannabis sativa.
B) Argemone.
C) Papaver somniferum.
D) Peyote.

Question 62

_____, containing a concentrated form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, comes from the resins of the Cannabis sativa plant's flowers.

A) Heroin
B) Cocaine
C) Amphetamine
D) Hashish

Question 63

Estelle is a cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy. Her doctor has prescribed a synthetic form of delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient in an illegal drug. This prescription for a form of the active ingredient in

A) caffeine.
B) methadone.
C) marijuana.
D) cocaine.

Question 64

Natalie has been using a substance high in delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol for over two years. Of late she is facing respiratory difficulties. Her physician has also warned her that she is at a high risk of getting a heart attack. It is most likely that Natalie is a heavy user of

A) marijuana.
B) antabuse.
C) analgesics.
D) disulfiram.

Question 65

Which of the following is one of the negative physical effects typically associated with marijuana abuse?

A) Absence of melanin
B) Lower RBC count
C) Decreased sense of sensuality
D) Impaired short-term memory

Question 66

Which of the following substances cause abnormal perceptual experiences in the form of illusions that are usually visual in nature?

A) Amphetamines
B) Hallucinogens
C) Sedatives
D) Analgesics

Question 67

Some people who use hallucinogens develop a condition called _____, in which they experience flashbacks or spontaneous hallucinations, delusions, or disturbances in mood similar to the changes that took place while they were intoxicated with the drug.

A) a psychotic break
B) delirium tremens
C) hallucinogen persisting perception disorder
D) illusory disorder

Question 68

After having taken a certain drug, Tina experiences visual hallucinations. She feels that she can see insects crawling around her; however, her visions are not real. Which of the following drugs is Tina is most likely to have used?

A) Hashish
B) Morphine
C) Alcohol
D) LSD

Question 69

Which of the following is a hallucinogen?

A) Naltrexone
B) Marijuana
C) Psilocybin
D) Caffeine

Question 70

_____ is a form of a hallucinogenic drug whose primary ingredient is mescaline.

A) LSD
B) Hashish
C) Peyote
D) Amphetamine

Question 71

Harry chews on the mescaline-containing crown of a particular cactus and starts hallucinating. His body also starts to sweat abnormally. Identify the substance that Harry has consumed.

A) Psilocybin
B) Marijuana
C) Peyote
D) Amphetamine

Question 72

_____ is a form of a hallucinogenic drug found in certain mushrooms.

A) Peyote
B) Psilocybin
C) Naltrexone
D) Nicotine

Question 73

_____ is a form of a hallucinogenic drug originally developed as an intravenous anesthetic.

A) Peyote
B) Psilocybin
C) Psilocin
D) Phencyclidine

Question 74

Jamie has fallen into the habit of taking a form of hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms. This has slowed down his motor reflexes and altered his perception. He is unable to distinguish between his imagination and the real world. Identify the hallucinogen.

A) Peyote
B) Psilocybin
C) Naltrexone
D) Nicotine

Question 75

The use of MDMA (Ecstasy) alongside alcohol has been associated with all of the following effects EXCEPT

A) paranoia.
B) poor physical health.
C) moodiness.
D) excess of thiamine.

Question 76

_____ is a hallucinogenic drug made from a synthetic substance chemically similar to methamphetamine and mescaline.

A) Peyote
B) Psilocybin
C) Phencyclidine
D) Ecstasy

Question 77

The main neurotransmitter involved with MDMA is

A) glutamate.
B) serotonin.
C) histamine.
D) norepinephrine.

Question 78

Hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, codeine, and other substances that relieve pain are referred to as

A) opioids.
B) stimulants.
C) antacids.
D) antihistamines.

Question 79

Which of the following is most likely to be prescribed as a medicine for cough?

A) Antabuse
B) Codeine
C) Nicotine
D) Peyote

Question 80

_____ is apsychoactive substance that is a form of opioid, synthesized from morphine.

A) Psilocybin
B) Heroin
C) Nicotine
D) Peyote