Deck 11: Paraphilic Disorders, Sexual Dysfunctions, and Gender Dysphoria

Question 1

Emilio becomes sexually aroused when he views sexually explicit photographs. He also gets really turned on when his lover undresses in front of him. Emilio's behavior might be described as

A) fetishistic.
B) frotteuristic.
C) voyeuristic.
D) normal.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Who were the pioneering sex researchers who studied the human sexual behavior in a laboratory?

A) Westheimer and Brothers
B) Masoch and de Sade
C) Masters and Johnson
D) Ellis and Skinner

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Clark has recently become interested in being spanked before engaging in intercourse. He can become sexually aroused if he is not spanked but enjoys this as a sort of passing fancy. How might you describe Clark's condition?

A) He has a sexual dysfunction.
B) He has a paraphilia.
C) He is a sadist.
D) He does not have a sexual disorder.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A deviation involving the object of a person's desire is referred to as a(n)

A) sexual dysfunction.
B) paraphilia.
C) sexual orientation.
D) erectile disorder.

Question 5

_____ are disorders in which an individual has recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving nonhuman objects, children or other nonconsenting persons, or the suffering or humiliation of self or partner.

A) Sexual dysfunctions
B) Erectile disorder
C) Paraphilias
D) Sexual orientations

Question 6

Marshall is a university president who has an obsession with making obscene phone to female students. His behaviors have caused significant problems at work and he is now facing termination from his position. He would best be diagnosed with

A) gender dysphoria.
B) a sexual dysfunction.
C) a paraphilic disorder.
D) hypersexual disorder.

Question 7

When do paraphilic disorders typically emerge?

A) In early childhood
B) In adolescence
C) During middle age
D) During old age

Question 8

For over a year Joshua has been having recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies and sexual urges. He uses a nonhuman object to satiate his sexual desires. This behavior causes Joshua a lot of distress, and he finds that he can no longer experience sexual satisfaction without this object. Joshua is suffering from

A) sexual dysfunction.
B) erectile disorder.
C) sexual malfunction.
D) a paraphilic disorder.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about paraphilic disorder?

A) People with these disorders often lose sight of other goals beyond their achieving sexual fulfilment in their unusual manner.
B) The term "sexual arousal" is not included in any of the criteria for paraphilic disorders.
C) A clinician will diagnose paraphilic disorder when lack of sexual desire causes intense distress and impairment.
D) Paraphilic disorders begin in middle childhood and tend to be chronic, and do not diminish in people even when they grow older.

Question 10

Which of the following is the key feature of paraphilias?

A) The object of desire must be an inanimate object.
B) They must involve abnormal physiological functioning.
C) They must be short-term conditions.
D) There must be a dependence on the sexual target for arousal.

Question 11

In order to be considered a paraphilia, the sexual desires and urges experienced by the individual

A) must experience intense distress and impairment.
B) are only occasionally required in order for the individual to achieve arousal.
C) must be the result of a physiological or neurological dysfunction.
D) are a passing fancy that the person eventually abandons.

Question 12

Which of the following characterizes paraphilic disorder?

A) Paraphilic disorder is illegal and more prevalent in women than men.
B) People with this disorder are so psychologically dependent on the target of desire that they are unable to experience sexual arousal unless this target is present in some form.
C) Paraphilic disorders begin in childhood and tend to be chronic, although they diminish in people who are 40 years or older.
D) The paraphilic disorder is mostly exacerbated during periods in which the individual feels especially calm and relaxed.

Question 13

In which of the following paraphilia are an adult's sexual urges directed toward children or adolescents?

A) Pedophilic disorder
B) Transvestic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Frotteuristic disorder

Question 14

People diagnosed with pedophilic disorder are sexually aroused by

A) animals.
B) nonhuman objects.
C) corpses.
D) children or adolescents.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about pedophilic disorder?

A) Individuals with pedophilic disorder suffer from uncontrollable urges to engage in sexual activity only with teenage adolescents.
B) Currently, DSM-V divides people with this disorder into three categories based on the age, ethnicity, and stage of the individuals they target.
C) Nearly one-third of the victims are females, half of the perpetrators are males, and approximately two-third of the offenders are relatives of the victimized children in the U.S.
D) The key feature of pedophilic disorder is that the individual experiences sexual arousal when with children that may be equal to, if not greater than, that which he or she experiences with individuals who are physically mature.

Question 16

Approximately how many sexual assault victims are children or adolescents?

A) One-fifth
B) One-half
C) One-tenth
D) Two-thirds

Question 17

_____ disorder is a paraphilic disorder in which a person has intense sexual urges and arousing fantasies involving the exposure of genitals to a stranger.

A) Pedophilic
B) Transvestic
C) Voyeuristic
D) Exhibitionistic

Question 18

Harvey has intense sexual urges and arousing fantasies that involve the exposure of his genitals to a stranger. Which of the following terms indicates Harvey's condition?

A) Voyeuristic disorder
B) Fetishistic disorder
C) Pedophilic disorder
D) Exhibitionistic disorder

Question 19

Lester has intense recurrent fantasies in which he is walking along the beach and a woman approaches. As she gets near, he unbuttons his pants and exposes his genitals to her. At that instant, she falls madly in love with him and they make love in the sand. Lester occasionally acts out these fantasies by "flashing" strange women. He is likely to receive a diagnosis of

A) sexual sadism disorder.
B) exhibitionistic disorder.
C) transvestic disorder.
D) frotteuristic disorder.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about exhibitionistic disorder?

A) The existence of comorbid conditions along with the reluctance of people with exhibitionistic disorder to come forward, present numerous challenges for developing an understanding of the causes of the disorder.
B) People with exhibitionistic disorder derive sexual pleasure from observing the nudity or sexual activity of others who are unaware of being watched.
C) In exhibitionistic disorder fantasies, urges, and behaviors cause significant personality change and lead to a boost in confidence.
D) Exhibitionistic disorders begin in early adolescence and persists till middle age.

Question 21

_____ is a paraphilia in which the individual has a compulsion to derive sexual gratification from observing the nudity or sexual activity of others who are unaware that they are being watched.

A) Sexual sadism disorder
B) Partialism
C) Pedophilic disorder
D) Voyeuristic disorder

Question 22

Usually, a voyeur watches people who are

A) consenting.
B) sexually involved with the voyeur.
C) young children.
D) unaware that they are being watched.

Question 23

Nathan uses binoculars to watch his neighbor Cathy change her clothes. Cathy is not aware that she is being watched by someone while undressing. Nathan is sexually aroused when he watches Cathy. From which of the following disorders is Nathan suffering?

A) Sexual sadism disorder
B) Voyeuristic disorder
C) Pedophilic disorder
D) Exhibitionistic disorder

Question 24

Voyeuristic disorder, the most frequent paraphilia, is related to exhibitionistic disorder, and people with either of these disorders are likely to

A) never have any sexual relationships.
B) have homosexual tendencies.
C) engage in sadomasochistic behaviors and cross-dressing.
D) never get married.

Question 25

In which paraphilia does the individual have a compulsion to derive sexual gratification from observing nudity or the sexual activity of others?

A) Frotteuristic disorder
B) Fetishistic disorder
C) Voyeuristic disorder
D) Sexual sadism disorder

Question 26

Cal frequently sets up his telescope in a darkened room on the second floor of his home to watch the couple across the street make love in their bedroom. If this is the only way Cal can achieve sexual arousal, it is likely that Cal suffers from ________ disorder.

A) frotteuristic
B) voyeuristic
C) fetishistic
D) pedophilic

Question 27

A paraphilic disorder in which the individual is preoccupied with an object and depends on this object rather than sexual intimacy with a partner for achieving sexual gratification is known as _____ disorder.

A) pedophilic
B) fetishistic
C) sexual masochism
D) voyeuristic

Question 28

People with fetishistic disorder are sexually aroused by a(n)

A) corpse.
B) child.
C) object.
D) animal.

Question 29

Arnold gets sexually aroused whenever he sees a woman trying on a pair of stockings. He buys pairs of stockings for various sexual activities. He even steals stockings from women when he is desperate. Which of the following disorders best describes Arnold's condition?

A) Fetishistic disorder
B) Pedophilic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Voyeuristic disorder

Question 30

When Harold was a child, he used to hide out in his closet, sit on the floor amid shoes, and masturbate. He now associates shoes with sexual pleasure. Which of the following disorders is Harold most likely to develop in adulthood?

A) Voyeuristic disorder
B) Pedophilic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Fetishistic disorder

Question 31

Which of the following terms describes a fetish involving sexual attraction to a body part?

A) Frotteuristic disorder
B) Voyeuristic disorder
C) Exhibitionistic disorder
D) Partialism

Question 32

A woman is erotically obsessed with men's ankles to the point of exclusion of all other erotic stimuli. This woman's desires are illustrative of

A) partialism.
B) sexual sadism disorder.
C) frotteuristic disorder.
D) voyeuristic disorder.

Question 33

Emilia gets completely aroused by men's ears and can only reach sexual gratification by caressing a man's ears. Emilia's condition is an example of

A) voyeuristic disorder.
B) pedophilic disorder.
C) partialism.
D) sexual masochism disorder.

Question 34

Which of the following fetishes are more common among people?

A) Elbow
B) Feet and toes
C) Ears and lips
D) Neck

Question 35

The _____ explanation for fetishistic disorder is that the person acquired a fetish through simple conditioning in which the person learned to associate sexual release with the presence of the specific body part or object.

A) psychoanalyst
B) behavioral
C) object relations
D) neuroscientific

Question 36

In _____ disorder, the individual has intense sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies of rubbing against or fondling an unsuspecting stranger.

A) pedophilic
B) fetishistic
C) sexual masochism
D) frotteuristic

Question 37

Guillermo enjoys riding on crowded subway cars and brushing up against or bumping into female passengers. What is the name of Guillermo's paraphilia?

A) Pedophilic disorder
B) Transvestic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Frotteuristic disorder

Question 38

In which paraphilia does an individual achieve sexual gratification by rubbing up against an unsuspecting stranger?

A) Pedophilic disorder
B) Voyeuristic disorder
C) Transvestic disorder
D) Frotteuristic disorder

Question 39

Who is most likely to be the target of a frotteurist's desires?

A) A person from work
B) A lifelong friend at a restaurant
C) A shopper at the crowded mall
D) A close relative

Question 40

Which of the following paraphilia is marked by an attraction to achieving sexual gratification by having painful stimulation applied to one's own body?

A) Pedophilic disorder
B) Transvestic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Frotteuristic disorder

Question 41

People with sexual masochism disorder are sexually aroused by being

A) touched.
B) naked.
C) tickled.
D) beaten.

Question 42

Marie can achieve sexual arousal only if her lover spanks her hard and uses abusive and derogatory language about her. This is an example of ________ disorder.

A) transvestic
B) sexual sadism
C) sexual masochism
D) voyeuristic

Question 43

Juan gets aroused and feels sexual pleasure when he is handcuffed to a bed and whipped with a leather belt. He asks his partner to do this when they make love. He also suggests different objects to induce pain during sexual intercourse. Which of the following disorder indicates Juan's condition?

A) Transvestic disorder
B) Pedophilic disorder
C) Sexual masochism disorder
D) Voyeuristic disorder

Question 44

Which paraphilia involves deriving sexual gratification from urges or activities designed to harm another person?

A) Sexual masochism disorder
B) Sexual sadism disorder
C) Transvestic disorder
D) Sexual aversion disorder

Question 45

While making love, Enrique feels a strong need to be dominant and often subjects his lovers to harsh physical treatment. This is the only way Enrique can achieve sexual gratification, and his partners are often unwilling to participate in these activities. This is an example of

A) sexual sadism disorder.
B) sexual masochism disorder.
C) frotteuristic disorder.
D) fetishistic disorder.

Question 46

_____ is also called "cross-dressing."

A) Sexual sadism disorder
B) Transvestism
C) Frotteuristic disorder
D) Partialism

Question 47

Jeff has a compulsive desire to wear women's clothes. He is able to achieve sexual arousal only when he cross-dresses. This is an example of

A) sexual sadism disorder.
B) voyeuristic disorder.
C) pedophilic disorder.
D) transvestic disorder.

Question 48

A man with _____ has an uncontrollable craving to dress as a woman in order to derive sexual gratification.

A) transvestic disorder
B) fetishistic disorder
C) homosexualism
D) frotteuristic disorder

Question 49

Transvestic disorder is most commonly diagnosed in

A) women.
B) men.
C) lesbian women.
D) gay men.

Question 50

A clinician would diagnose an individual with transvestic disorder only if he showed the symptoms of

A) transgenderism
B) sadism
C) distress or impairment
D) masochism

Question 51

Which of the following qualities is NOT implied by a diagnosis of transvestic disorder?

A) Male
B) Being transgender
C) Being female
D) Being homosexual

Question 52

Researchers and advocates within the field of sexual sadism disorder and sexual masochism disorder are critical of including these disorders in the DSM at all, arguing instead that they do not share the qualities of the other paraphilias because they involve

A) nonconsenting adults.
B) sexual relations among individuals of the opposite sex.
C) consenting adults.
D) sexual relations among individuals of same sex.

Question 53

Researchers argue that clinicians should base decisions about psychiatric diagnoses on

A) empirical evidence.
B) moral considerations.
C) political considerations.
D) forensic evidence.

Question 54

Clinicians treating paraphilic disorders based on the biological perspective may

A) use empirical evidence to highlight the importance of a healthy sexual life.
B) use self-help groups that provide healing and guidance for the treatment.
C) use circumcision for removal of foreskin from the penis to lessen sexual pleasure.
D) use psychotherapeutic medications intended to alter the individual's neurotransmitter levels.

Question 55

Which of the following would be the most radical physiological intervention utilized to treat pedophilic disorder?

A) Administration of drugs that lower dopamine levels
B) Administration of drugs that lower testosterone levels
C) Requiring the client to have a vasectomy
D) Castration, or removal of the testes

Question 56

The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry has proposed guidelines for the treatment of people with

A) cardiac disorder who are in the initial stage of diagnosis.
B) neurotic disorder that is staged according to the severity of the individual's symptoms.
C) paraphilic disorder that is staged according to the severity of the individual's symptoms.
D) speech disorder who are in the initial stage of diagnosis.

Question 57

A biological treatment for pedophilic disorder involves giving the client

A) testosterone.
B) insulin.
C) progesterone.
D) norepinephrine.

Question 58

According to John Money, the representation of an individual's sexual fantasies and preferred practices is called a(n)

A) object relation.
B) lovemap.
C) sexual schemata.
D) erotic representation.

Question 59

Which of the following disorders involves an abnormality in an individual's sexual responsiveness and reactions?

A) Paraphilic disorder
B) Fetishistic disorder
C) Gender dysphoria
D) Sexual dysfunction

Question 60

Which of the following statement is true about sexual dysfunction?

A) Masters and Johnson identified four phases of the sexual response cycle-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
B) Clinicians rate a person's sexual dysfunction according to whether it is lifelong or acquired, rather than generalized or situational.
C) The Common Sexual Function Index is an empirical measure used in a number of studies to investigate prevalence of sexual dysfunctions in women and men as a measure of the efficacy of treatment.
D) Sexual excitement continues to build even during the resolution phase.

Question 61

During which stage of the human sexual response does an individual's sexual interest heighten and the body prepares for intercourse?

A) Arousal
B) Plateau
C) Orgasm
D) Resolution

Question 62

According to Masters and Johnson, which of the following is the third stage of the human sexual response?

A) Arousal
B) Orgasm
C) Plateau
D) Resolution

Question 63

Sexual dysfunctions are associated with all phases of the human sexual response EXCEPT

A) arousal.
B) orgasm.
C) plateau.
D) resolution.

Question 64

Which of the following is one of the criticisms of Masters and Johnson's research with regard to sexual responses of men and women?

A) Not every sexual encounter necessarily involves all phases.
B) The research focused only on heterosexual responses.
C) The research was survey-based.
D) There was no correlation between the different stages of sexual response.

Question 65

In which sexual dysfunction does a male have an abnormally low level of interest in sexual activity?

A) Sexual aversion disorder
B) Sexual arousal disorder
C) Erectile dysfunction
D) Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Question 66

Diana is not interested in sexual activity and reports no desire for it, nor does she fantasize about having sex. Diana might be diagnosed as having

A) female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
B) sexual arousal disorder.
C) inhibited female orgasm disorder.
D) gender dysphoria.

Question 67

A woman who is interested in having intercourse but whose body does not physiologically respond during the arousal phase is suffering from

A) female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
B) frotteuristic disorder.
C) inhibited female orgasm disorder.
D) hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

Question 68

Daisy is extremely interested in sex but does not experience the vaginal changes that ordinarily precede sexual intercourse. Daisy may have ________ disorder.

A) sexual aversion
B) hypoactive sexual desire
C) inhibited female orgasm
D) female sexual interest/arousal

Question 69

Failure to attain or maintain an adequate erection during sexual activity is characteristic of

A) erectile disorder.
B) primary erectile dysfunction.
C) inhibited male orgasm disorder.
D) sexual arousal disorder.

Question 70

Leif is very interested in sex but his penis remains flaccid despite adequate, sometimes extensive, erotic stimulation. Leif has _______ disorder.

A) male hypoactive sexual arousal
B) delayed orgasmic
C) erectile
D) early ejaculation

Question 71

Which of the following is the sexual dysfunction in which a woman experiences problems in having an orgasm during sexual activity?

A) Vaginismus
B) Female inhibition syndrome
C) Dysorgasmia
D) Female orgasmic disorder

Question 72

Leone is interested in sexual activity and does become sexually aroused. However, despite sexual stimulation, she cannot achieve an orgasm. Which of the following sexual dysfunctions is Leone experiencing?

A) Female orgasmic disorder
B) Vaginismus
C) Dysorgasmia
D) Hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Question 73

Men who become sexually excited but cannot reach orgasm might be diagnosed as having

A) frigidity.
B) dyspareunia.
C) male erectile disorder.
D) delayed ejaculation.

Question 74

A sexual dysfunction in which a man reaches orgasm well before he wishes to, perhaps even prior to penetration, is called

A) premature (early) ejaculation.
B) anorgasmia.
C) male erectile disorder.
D) dyspareunia.

Question 75

Which of the following sexual pain disorders affects both men and women?

A) Fetishistic disorder
B) Erectile disorder
C) Premature (early) ejaculation
D) Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

Question 76

The treatment methods developed by Masters and Johnson are designed to

A) reduce the client's anxiety over sexual performance.
B) improve physiological functioning through medication.
C) uncover unconscious conflicts that interfere with sexual performance.
D) teach unconditional positive regard to sexual partners.

Question 77

Viagra is an appealing alternative for individuals with erectile problems because

A) it is much less invasive than other treatment options.
B) most erectile dysfunction is the result of physiological problems.
C) it is safe for individuals taking certain heart medications to use.
D) it has improved the individual's relationship with his partner in all cases.

Question 78

Which of the following is a method of treating sexual dysfunction in which the interaction is not intended to lead to orgasm, but to experience pleasurable sensations during the phases prior to orgasm?

A) Squeeze technique
B) Cognitive restructuring
C) Sensate focus
D) Systematic desensitization

Question 79

Amy and Mark are being treated for a sexual dysfunction and their therapist is urging them to take turns stimulating each other in nonsexual ways for a few weeks. Their therapist is using which of the following methods?

A) Squeeze technique
B) Start-stop procedure
C) Systematic resensitization
D) Sensate focus

Question 80

The sex determined by a person's chromosomes is called

A) gender identity.
B) gender type.
C) gender.
D) biological sex.