Deck 4: Research Approaches

Question 1

A basic, randomized experimental approach requires the following criteria:

A) Attribute IV
B) Active IV
C) Random assignment of participants to groups
D) Random assignment of treatments to participants
E) b and c

Answer 1

b and c

Question 2

Which types of research approach(es) focus on group differences?

A) Associational
B) Randomized Experimental
C) Comparative
D) Quasi-experimental
E) b, c, and d

Answer 2

b, c, and d

Question 3

The following is a possible condition(s) of the quasi-experimental approach:

A) Random assignment of treatments or conditions to intact groups
B) Either an active or attribute independent variable
C) Random assignment of participants to treatments or conditions
D) a and b
E) a and c

Answer 3

Random assignment of treatments or conditions to intact groups

Question 4

Which of the following conditions apply to the associational approach:

A) Random assignment of treatments or conditions to intact groups
B) Attribute independent variable
C) Manipulation of the independent variable by the researcher
D) a and b

Question 5

Which of the following conditions apply to the randomized experimental approach:

A) Random assignment of treatments or conditions to intact groups
B) Active or attribute independent variable
C) The independent variable is usually controlled by the researcher
D) a and b

Question 6

Which of the following conditions apply to the comparative approach:

A) Random assignment of treatments or conditions to intact groups
B) Attribute independent variable
C) The independent variable is usually controlled by the researcher
D) b and c

Question 7

The following are conditions of the descriptive approach:

A) There are no groups
B) There is no independent variable
C) There are no comparisons between variables
D) All of the above are true

Question 8

Match the description that best fits the type of approach

-(Randomized) experimental:

A) Compares groups (but does not tell you about causes)
B) Summarizes or describes the data
C) Examines causality (but usually does not provide strong evidence)
D) Associates the many levels of one variable with the many levels of another variable
E) Tries to determine causality (uses random assignment)

Question 9

Match the description that best fits the type of approach

-Quasi-experimental:

A) Compares groups (but does not tell you about causes)
B) Summarizes or describes the data
C) Examines causality (but usually does not provide strong evidence)
D) Associates the many levels of one variable with the many levels of another variable
E) Tries to determine causality (uses random assignment)

Question 10

Match the description that best fits the type of approach

-Comparative:

A) Compares groups (but does not tell you about causes)
B) Summarizes or describes the data
C) Examines causality (but usually does not provide strong evidence)
D) Associates the many levels of one variable with the many levels of another variable
E) Tries to determine causality (uses random assignment)

Question 11

Match the description that best fits the type of approach

-Associational:

A) Compares groups (but does not tell you about causes)
B) Summarizes or describes the data
C) Examines causality (but usually does not provide strong evidence)
D) Associates the many levels of one variable with the many levels of another variable
E) Tries to determine causality (uses random assignment)

Question 12

Match the description that best fits the type of approach

-Descriptive:

A) Compares groups (but does not tell you about causes)
B) Summarizes or describes the data
C) Examines causality (but usually does not provide strong evidence)
D) Associates the many levels of one variable with the many levels of another variable
E) Tries to determine causality (uses random assignment)

Question 13

Children with low, medium, and high IQs differ on the Iowa Basics Skills exam. This is a research hypothesis for what type of research approach?

A) Associational
B) Randomized experimental
C) Comparative
D) Descriptive

Question 14

There will be a positive relationship between weight and blood cholesterol level. This is a research hypothesis for what type of research approach?

A) Associational
B) Randomized experimental
C) Comparative
D) Descriptive

Question 15

The randomized experimental approach always guarantees equivalence of participants.

Question 16

Random sampling of participants is necessary to infer causality.

Question 17

The IV of the associational approach typically has five or more ordered levels.

Question 18

Complex research studies that ask more than one research question usually use only one research approach.

Question 19

Descriptive questions are not answered with inferential statistics.

Question 20

Random assignment means that participants are haphazardly placed in groups.

Question 21

The DV of the comparative approach usually has five or more levels.

Question 22

What is the main difference between experimental and nonexperimental approaches?

Question 23

Discuss the differences and similarities between experimental and quasi-experimental research approaches.