Deck 9: Nonreactive Research: Content Analysis and Existing Documentsstatistics

Question 1

When a researcher studies crime and justice phenomena without affecting it, without the subjects knowing they are being studied, we called that _________.

A) direct observation
B) systematic observation
C) "snooping"
D) unobtrusive measures

Answer 1

D

Question 2

When a researcher studies left behind artifacts, existing data, graffiti art, and documents it is called _______________.

A) direct observation
B) nonreactive data
C) systematic observation
D) "snooping"

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Who wrote the most important book in nonreactive research?

A) Auguste Comte
B) Thomas McAninch
C) Emile Durkheim
D) Eugene J. Webb

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When data is collected in such a way that the people being studied are unaware that they are part of a study it is called _____________.

A) direct observation
B) systematic observation
C) unobtrusive observation
D) "snooping"

Question 5

A set of instructions or rules used in content analysis to explain how a researcher systematically converted the symbolic content from text into quantitative data refers to which of the following:

A) Symbolic Conversion
B) Structured Observation
C) Conversion Parameters
D) Coding System

Question 6

The research highlighted in the chapter on shoplifting emphasized the use of what type of data collection method.

A) interviews
B) unobtrusive observation
C) existing statistics
D) qualitative document analysis

Question 7

Coding systems identify four characteristics of text content. They are:

A) Frequency, Space, Direction, and Intensity
B) Height, Weight, Eye Color, and Build
C) Space, Time, Distance, and Volume
D) Length, Width, Depth, and Area

Question 8

Which of the following cannot be considered text?

A) books
B) documents
C) speeches
D) all of these are considered text

Question 9

A technique for gathering and analyzing the content of text is called _______.

A) documentation
B) content analysis
C) data gathering
D) analysis

Question 10

Which of the following fields does not use content analysis?

A) political science
B) journalism
C) literature
D) all of the above use content analysis

Question 11

At the first meeting of the German Sociological Society, in 1910, ______ suggested using content analysis to study newspapers.

A) Emile Durkheim
B) Auguste Comte
C) Max Weber
D) Karl Marx

Question 12

A method of watching what is happening in a social setting that is highly organized and follows systematic rules for observation and documentation is called _______.

A) structured observation
B) instructions
C) mapping
D) coding system

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the four characteristics of text content?

A) frequency
B) validity
C) direction
D) intensity

Question 14

A type of content analysis coding in which a researcher identifies subjective meaning such as themes or motifs and then systematically locates them in a communication medium is called ___________.

A) latent coding
B) manifest coding
C) intercoder reliability
D) standard coding

Question 15

A communication medium in the form of either a still or video image is called a ___________.

A) picture
B) presentation
C) visual "text"
D) communication

Question 16

When a researcher counts the number of times a phrase or word appears in a written text it is called ______________.

A) latent coding
B) manifest coding
C) intercoder reliability
D) standard coding

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true with regard to "missing data" in existing statistics research.

A) Missing data is rarely a serious problem when using existing document/statistics research.
B) Missing data is fairly easy to control when using existing document/statistics research.
C) Missing data are something that researchers do not concern themselves over
D) Missing data is a serious problem that often plagues researchers using existing document/statistics research.

Question 18

Unobtrusive research has the advantage that the data collection process does not affect ___________.

Question 19

A technique for gathering and analyzing the content of _____ is called content analysis.

Question 20

Coding systems identify four characteristics of text content: _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Question 21

Using too many digits in a quantitative measure in an attempt to create the (mis)impression that data are accurate is called the _______________.

Question 22

When a researcher studies crime and justice phenomena without affecting it, without the subjects knowing they are being studied, we called that _________.

Question 23

A collection of documents or artifacts that a researcher can use as data is called ___.

Question 24

In the article "Speed Kills" the researcher was studying ___________.

Question 25

A technique for gathering and analyzing the content of text is called______.

Question 26

When a researcher counts the number of times a phrase or word appears in a written text it is called ______________.

Question 27

A method of watching what is happening in a social setting that is highly organized and follows systematic rules for observation and documentation is called _______.

Question 28

Nonreactive research is the first most common research method used in crime and justice studies.

Question 29

This text suggest that the "dark figure of crime" is more of a myth than a reality.

Question 30

In a study of baseball players being hit by a pitch, Thomas Timmerman found that from 1990-1997 whites and Hispanics were hit by pitches at a significantly higher rate than were black baseball players.

Question 31

Turkey and Mexico rank one and two in incarcerating prisoners.

Question 32

Ethical concerns are not at the forefront of most nonreactive research because the people being studied are not directly involved.

Question 33

An example of unobtrusive research is searching garbage cans.

Question 34

In latent coding, a researcher counts the number of words use in a document.

Question 35

'Text' for content analysis is limited only to the written text of documents.

Question 36

Any document or artifact which requires collection and conversion into qualitative variables via extensive work is known as rough data.

Question 37

Coding systems identify four characteristics of text content. Explain each of those four characters of text.

Question 38

How did Jeff Ferrell study "Death on the Roadside"?

Question 39

Describe content analysis and give some examples of how you would use it.

Question 40

What topics are appropriate for existing documents/statistics research?