Deck 4: Green Innovation Systems

Question 1

The acronym NREL stands for what?

A) Natural Rule of Environmental Legislation
B) National Renewable Energy Labs
C) National Ruling of Energy Localization
D) Norwegian Requirements for Efficiency Legislation

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Green innovation is defined as:

A) Creating and implementing of new, or possibly adapted, institutional and technological changes that ultimately generate value while enhancing system sustainability
B) The process of making new things that directly benefit humans and may have some benefits for the environment
C) Creating new technologies that are marketed as environmentally friendly but in reality are not all that sustainable
D) None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Environmental economic geographers study the integrated relationships between economic and environmental changes?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Innovation is not a driver of economic change

Question 5

Clusters are one of the major drivers in green innovation and sustainability-oriented innovation intermediaries?

Question 6

Which of the following is not a resource rich/producer state?

A) Alaska
B) Texas
C) New York
D) Oklahoma

Question 7

The acronym TIS stands for what?

A) Theory of Innovative Solar
B) Technology Induced Specialization
C) Technological Innovation System
D) Transnational Industrial Sustainability

Question 8

Which of the following is not an interrelated TIS function?

A) Knowledge and technology diffusion
B) Market formation and development
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Large-scale advertising campaigns

Question 9

Technological innovation systems can focus on what spatial levels?

A) Regional
B) International
C) National
D) A and B
E) A and C

Question 10

Renewable energy technology innovations grow as a result of market demand. Is this a ___?

A) Push factor
B) Pull factor
C) Polarization factor
D) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following are environments for renewable energy technology commercialization:

A) Innovation wasteland
B) Innovation push
C) Innovation pull
D) Innovation nirvana
E) All of the above

Question 12

According to the Hockerts and Wüstenhagen (2010) quadrant typology, market incumbents have ___:

A) High market share and low environmental performance
B) High market share and high environmental performance
C) Low market share and high environmental performance
D) Low market share and low environmental performance

Question 13

According to (Catini et al., 2015), clusters are defined as:

A) Lots of small nations that work together to create innovations and new technology
B) Regions within a nation's borders that have a high population density and thus have high levels of pollution
C) Groups of interlinked individuals and organizations in close geographic proximity that create spillovers of knowledge and agglomeration economies

Question 14

Green businesses that are located in clusters grow faster than businesses that are not located in clusters?

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct description of an innovation intermediary?

A) Used to identify clusters as they are emerging as well as the necessary knowledge creation resources that will be needed to develop the cluster over time
B) Central and enabling organizations that connect different clusters through networks, while facilitating the transfer of knowledge and information
C) Highly interconnected businesses to external sources of knowledge
D) None of the above

Question 16

Production and consumption patterns only rely on market forces

Question 17

In general, policies created by grassroots movements that contribute to sustainability-oriented innovation are adopted in the ______:

A) Individual level
B) Niche level
C) Regime level
D) None of the above

Question 18

Sustainability professionals at a government or governance level have the ability to instigate green technology innovation systems

Question 19

NREL focuses primarily on:

A) Making non-renewable energy resources cleaner and more efficient
B) Innovation in energy technology and infrastructure related to green energy supply and integrated energy systems
C) Creating new technologies that are funded and purchased by private corporations overseas

Question 20

One of the biggest questions facing sustainability professionals identifed in Chapter 4 is:

A) What are additional ways we can use oil and gas?
B) Why is solar and wind such a small part of the total global energy system?
C) What are methods of generating more funding for research and development?
D) What is the best way to initiate and facilitate innovation processes?
E) None of the above

Question 21

The Oklahoma Water for 2060 Act requires a 33% reduction in water use by ___?

A) 2020
B) 2033
C) 2040
D) 2060

Question 22

Dynamic capabilities allow:

A) Countries to change their policy goals when they seem too far out of reach
B) States to react swiftly after a natural disaster results in a major energy crisis
C) Organizations to rapidly adjust strategies and processes and develop new innovations
D) None of the above

Question 23

Increases in sustainable innovations orientation directly or indirectly influences which of the following:

A) Financial performance
B) Environmental performance
C) Marketing performance
D) All of the above

Question 24

The Hallstedt et al. (2013) strategic sustainability model for organizational product innovation relies on how many elements?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 7
D) 10

Question 25

Competitive advantage is one of the most important drivers of green innovation?

Question 26

Which of the following is a barrier to green innovation for businesses?

A) Investments with long-term returns
B) Lack of environmental training for companies' employees
C) Difficulties in obtaining financial resources
D) Inefficiencies in the internal communication process
All of the above

Question 27

What innovation allowed the connection of protected lands in the Yukon and Yellowstone?

A) Camouflaged speakers that made sounds of various species in the region
B) Strategically placed motion-activated gates
C) A wildlife corridor
D) Realistic decoys that attracted species across roadways

Question 28

In general, as countries spend more on GERD, there is a subsequent increase in economic development and carbon emissions

Question 29

Several countries use their GERD to reduce their carbon emissions over time. Which of the following countries has been successful in doing so?

A) South Korea
B) United States
C) Denmark
D) A and C