Deck 5: Triple-Bottom-Line Economic Development

Question 1

Which of the following is not a primary focus of the triple-bottom-line?

A) Creating jobs and economic prosperity
B) Reducing disparities between groups and regions
C) Finding the lowest possible cost of labor for producing goods and services
D) Minimizing negative impacts on the environment
E) None of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The green economy is defined as:

A) Institutions including markets that aim to foster economic development by decoupling economic benefits from environmental and social costs
B) An economy that seeks to improve society, potentially at the cost of environmental performance
C) Actors and institutions that advertise all their products as environmentally friendly
D) None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The acronym HDI means what?

A) Healthy and Developmental Income Strategy
B) Human Development Initiative
C) Hungarian District of Innovation
D) Human Development Index

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a functional domain of the green economy?

A) Financial
B) Institutional
C) Regulatory
D) Green cultural economy
E) All of the above

Question 5

Chapter 5 states that "sustainability-related sectors represent growth areas for green job creation." Which sector is not listed as a growth area for job creation?

A) Renewable energy installation
B) Energy consultation and lobbying
C) Renewable energy manufacturing
D) Energy efficiency services

Question 6

Triple-bottom-line economic development contributes to what type of well-being over time?

A) Environmental
B) Economic
C) Social
D) All of the above

Question 7

In the ecological modernization theory, increasing ___ will solve sustainability problems?

A) Renewable energy legislation
B) Access to advanced degrees for sustainability professionals
C) GDP per capita
D) None of the above

Question 8

How many phases exist in the ecological modernization theory?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7

Question 9

Increasing levels of income per capita initially raises levels of environmental impacts

Question 10

There is evidence that the United States has now decoupled economic development from CO₂ emissions

Question 11

Energy-based economic development most often occurs at what spatial levels?

A) Local
B) State
C) National
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 12

Which economic development strategy is important for the creation of sustainability solutions?

A) Business attraction
B) Business expansion
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Business retention
E) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is not a correct acronym meaning?

A) GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
B) RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard)
C) FIT (Federal Income Tax)
D) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions)

Question 14

Approximately how many sustainability jobs exist within the United States?

A) Less than 1 million
B) 4-5 million
C) 70-80 million
D) Over 10 million

Question 15

The cost of solar has been declining over the past decade?

Question 16

Most Americans do not think there is a need to transition to cleaner, more renewable energy sources

Question 17

Which term is matched with the correct definition?

A) Induced jobs: created in the design, manufacturing, delivery, construction/installation, project management, and operation and maintenance of the direct components of the technology
B) Direct jobs: result from the expenditure-induced effects in the general economy due to the economic activity and spending of employees
C) Indirect jobs: include the suppliers of parts made for the technologies created by the direct jobs
D) All terms are matched with the correct definition

Question 18

After completion of the joint Elon Musk and SolarCity Riverbend Solar PV manufacturing plant in ___, it will now become the national leader in solar manufacturing.

A) California
B) New York
C) Florida
D) Arizona

Question 19

Which Canadian province gets 99% of its energy from hydro-power?

A) Alberta
B) Québec
C) Ontario
D) British Columbia

Question 20

This Canadian province, which is known for its high use and production of fossil fuels, is now beginning to transition towards renewable energy sources:

A) Novia Scotia
B) British Columbia
C) Alberta
D) Manitoba

Question 21

Which of the following are challenges for triple-bottom-line economic development?

A) Solar and wind energy tend to cluster in areas with high energy and economic potential
B) Additional costs can result from agglomerations of production that lead to energy network constraints if solar and wind generators all located in the same areas
C) Rural and urban differences in energy demand and sources as well as perceptions about energy sources, impacts, and distributed generation can lead to uneven economic development patterns and technology winners and losers
D) If a region or country pursues a carbon reduction policy that encourages local wind and solar manufacturing and microgrid development, the benefits of green job creation and local multiplier effects will result from clustering
E) All of the above

Question 22

Which of the following statements about the association between green job creation and reduction in carbon emissions is correct:

A) There is a weak association, meaning green jobs may result in reduced carbon emissions
B) There is a very strong association, meaning that states with the most green jobs almost always have the greatest reductions in carbon emissions
C) There is no association whatsoever, meaning that green jobs have nothing to do with carbon emissions

Question 23

When viewing Figure 5.7 in the text, what of the following states have the most green jobs and one of the lowest emissions per capita values?

A) Wyoming
B) Oregon
C) Vermont
D) California

Question 24

The financial services sector in the US has the highest number of green jobs

Question 25

When viewing Table 5.4 in the text, green jobs in California and Texas did which of the following?

A) Both increased
B) Both decreased
C) Increased in California, but decreased in Texas
D) Decreased in California, but increased in Texas

Question 26

Which of the following is not a method to increase employment in the green sector?

A) Incentivize green innovation
B) Retrain people who used to work in the fossil fuel industry into green skills and competencies
C) Reward sustainability solutions
D) Support sustainable investment strategies
E) All of the above

Question 27

The United States is the largest global emitter of greenhouse gases:

Question 28

China leads the United States in both installed wind and solar capacity