Deck 4: Group Circumstances and Structure

Question 1

Which of the following IS NOT considered "environment?"

A) lighting
B) space
C) sounds
D) distance between speaker and listener

Answer 1

D

Question 2

We move about in a portable space bubble of about inches in each direction.

A) six
B) twelve
C) eighteen
D) twenty-four

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The study of personal space and distance is known as:

A) kinesics
B) proxemics
C) chronemics
D) haptics

Answer 3

B

Question 4

According to Hall's research on proxemics, social distance between individuals is about how far?

A) up to 18 inches
B) four to twelve feet
C) 18 inches to four feet
D) twelve feet and beyond

Question 5

Which of the following is FALSE?

A) Territoriality is an important, prevalent, and overlooked aspect of work in organizations.
B) Territoriality reflects and fulfills baic human needs of ownership.
C) Territoriality can be functional to individuals and groups.
D) Territorial feelings and behaviors have positive consequences in organizations.

Question 6

Seating preferences around a rectangular table indicate that for casual conversation the following is preferred:

A) corner to corner
B) side to side
C) face to face
D) either corner to corner or side to side.

Question 7

Which of the following is true concerning the all-channel network?

A) feedback is more immediate
B) the network is relatively fast
C) the "Y" is superior to the all-channel in terms of member satisfaction
D) accuracy is not as good as with the circle network

Question 8

Which of the following is a decentralized network?

A) "Y"
B) wheel
C) chain
D) circle

Question 9

The group networks that are best for solving simple problems are the:

A) wheel and chain
B) circle and all channel
C) chain and "Y"
D) all channel and "Y"

Question 10

Which of the following communication networks results in the greatest satisfaction?

A) wheel
B) "Y"
C) chain
D) all-channel

Question 11

As group size increases, which of the following is NOT true?

A) Interaction potential increases geometrically
B) Member satisfaction increases
C) Time is spent organizing
D) Subgroups tend to form

Question 12

The optimum group size for a problem-solving group is:

A) Four
B) seven
C) five
D) any number between three and ten

Question 13

The _________ theory states when the social pressure for a group member is only to complete a portion of the task, group member motivation is decreased.

A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Social impact
C) Exchange
D) Balance

Question 14

The theory that focuses on the impact an audience has on performance is the ________ theory.

A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Balance
C) Social facilitation
D) Exchange

Question 15

Recent research on social loafing found that group members are more likely to _________ when preference for group work and winning orientation are low.

A) Work interdependently
B) Be dependent on the leader
C) Self-report social loafing
D) Miss meetings

Question 16

The group that generally has the most influence on your self-concept is:

A) primary
B) education
C) casual and social
D) work

Question 17

Critical factors affecting student responses to online learning include ALL BUT ONE of the following:

A) Access to a computer
B) Relevance of assignments
C) Attitude about online learning
D) Time constraints

Question 18

All but one of the following are major findings of the Hawthorne studies summarized by Miner
(1988):

A) Level of productivity is set by social norms, not by physiological capacities
B) Non-economic rewards and sanctions significantly affect the behavior of the workers and largely limit the effect of economic incentive plans
C) Increases in productivity occur when employees perceive their employers as part of their family
D) Often workers do not act or react as individuals but as members of groups

Question 19

____________ work teams appear to reduce the potential for interpersonal and groupconflict that may be experienced by employees.

A) Autonomous
B) Egalitarian
C) Dependent
D) Large

Question 20

___________ creates better decisions in the long run because it relies on a diversity of inputs.

A) Teamwork
B) Democracy
C) Strong leadership
D) The Internet

Question 21

"What are the long term effects of marijuana use?" is a question of:

A) fact
B) definition
C) value
D) policy

Question 22

"What is pornographic?" is a question of:

A) fact
B) definition
C) value
D) policy

Question 23

"Is it desirable to change women's roles in our society?" is a question of:

A) fact
B) definition
C) value
D) policy

Question 24

"What can be done to solve the problems of drug abuse?" is a question of:

A) fact
B) definition
C) value
D) policy

Question 25

Should federally funded clinics provide abortion counseling?" is a question of:

A) fact
B) definition
C) value
D) policy

Question 26

The _____________ includes several participants, each of whom gives a short formal presentation on a prepared topic usually built around a central theme. A less formal discussion usually follows.

A) panel
B) forum
C) symposium
D) colloquy

Question 27

The ____________ is a question and answer period designed to allow audience members to interact with the discussion group.

A) panel
B) forum
C) symposium
D) colloquy

Question 28

The type of discussion that involves the questioning of experts by the other experts on the panel is the:

A) panel
B) forum
C) symposium
D) colloquy

Question 29

A "fishbowl" is:

A) a type of brainstorming
B) a situation where the group is placed in the middle of the classroom and observers sit around the group
C) a situation where group members express their ideas one at a time and the facilitator synthesizes the information at the end
D) a decision-making format

Question 30

This technique involves a six phase process that begins with individuals independently generating ideas and ends with a final ranking of ideas:

A) Delphi technique
B) buzz session
C) Nominal Group Technique
D) brainstorming

Question 31

Which of the following is FALSE?

A) Group members are less constrained by social influence when using "Groupware"
B) When using "Groupware" people do NOT know whose ideas are whose
C) One problem with "Groupware" is that it does NOT recognize the problem of group tension
D) Software may also have built-in mechanisms for managing feedback.

Question 32

Regardless of the organization's size, over ____________ percent of HR professionals responding to a survey on Internet use reported that their organizations are connected to the Internet.

A) 10
B) 45
C) 75
D) 90

Question 33

Tubbs presents practical tips regarding video conferencing. Which of the following is not one of the reasons to use video conferencing?

A) You need the benefit of face-to-face contact.
B) Your goal is to provide information such as briefings or training classes.
C) You are broadcasting presentations to many employees.
D) You need to talk with your group about sensitive issues.

Question 34

The most common problem that virtual teams have is:

A) Making the initial online connection.
B) Their ability to connect with other group members.
C) Dealing with conflict
D) The ability to finish the task within the specified time period.

Question 35

Studies comparing anonymous (computer) groups with non-anonymous groups find that anonymous (computer) groups:

A) generated fewer unique ideas
B) had lower levels of participation
C) were more critical
D) were more satisfied

Question 36

Which of the following was noted by Gibson and Hanna as a practical tip for participating in groups?

A) do research
B) respect each other
C) demonstrate leadership skills
D) behave rationally

Question 37

Adler and Elmhorst (1996) suggest there are many times when having a meeting isn't justified. Identify one of their reasons.

A) the agenda has only two items
B) members are not prepared
C) the Chair of the committee cannot attend
D) too many other things are going on at work

Question 38

According to Adler and Elmhorst, once the number of group participants passes __________, the likelihood of some members falling silent increases.

A) Five
B) Seven
C) Ten
D) Twelve

Question 39

A relay question, according to Adler and Elmhorst (1996):

A) is directed toward the group as a whole, and anyone is free to answer
B) is aimed at a particular person, who is addressed by name
C) is referred to the person who originally phrased it
D) occurs when the leader refers a question asked by one member to the entire group

Question 40

According to Hall (1959), personal distance ranges from four to twelve feet.

Question 41

According to recent research, territoriality is an important but overlooked aspect of work in organizations.

Question 42

Sommer (1965) found that competing pairs, sitting at round tables, preferred to sit side by side, while cooperating pairs preferred to sit at distant-opposite points.

Question 43

The "Steinzor Effect" refers to members of groups with minimal leadership directing many more comments to those facing opposite them than to those sitting on either side.

Question 44

An example of a centralized network is the circle.

Question 45

Greatest member satisfaction is found in centralized networks.

Question 46

Cohesion tends to be stronger and morale tends to be higher in larger groups than i comparable smaller ones.

Question 47

"Social rider" refers to the decreased effort of each individual member as the number of people in a group increases.

Question 48

Unlike primary groups, relationships found within casual and social groups may be relatively short-lived.

Question 49

"Tiger teams" are small groups of high-performing people who are challenged by company's executive team to take problems and find workable solutions.

Question 50

Questions of definition are the same as questions of fact in that they both focus on truth and falsity.

Question 51

Questions of value are fairly narrow but are often quite difficult to answer.

Question 52

The panel discussion usually involves a small number of people conducting an informal discussion on a topic they have all thought about and possibly researched beforehand.

Question 53

The Nominal Group Technique was developed to reduce the effects of group conforming pressure.

Question 54

In computerized interaction, group members feel less free and more constrained by social influence than in face-to-face interactions.

Question 55

One of the benefits of using Groupware is that groups can gauge the degree of consensus in the group.

Question 56

Gibson and Hanna indicate that our obligations related to group participation are, in a large sense, a matter of ethical responsibility.

Question 57

"Playing fair" is one of the tips for participating in groups identified by Gibson and Hanna.

Question 58

While it is important to be aware of when to meet and how long to meet, when setting an agenda, Adler and Elmhorst maintain that location is not important.

Question 59

The term for the tendency of humans and other animals to lay claim to and defend a particular area is
_______________.

Question 60

The study of personal space and distance is known as ______________.

Question 61

The finding that with minimum leadership group members talk to those opposite them, and with directive leadership they talk to persons on their two sides is referred to as the _______________ effect.

Question 62

The network that is the most desirable for most problem-solving situations is the _____________.

Question 63

______________ refers to the decreased effort of each individual member as the number of people in a group increases.

Question 64

Neighborhood groups generally fit under the heading of what type of group?

Question 65

_______________ groups are groups which interact for the sole purpose of study or instruction.

Question 66

The phenomenon relating to the notion that workers will increase their productivity when special attention is paid to them is called _____________.

Question 67

Questions that require evidence and documentation to establish whether or not the phenomenon exists are considered questions of _____________.

Question 68

A _______________ is a question and answer period designed to allow audience members to interact with the discussion group.

Question 69

Another term for the Phillips 66 when group size is not limited to six is the ____________.

Question 70

Diagram and describe the five types of communication networks. Identify the centralized and decentralized networks. Provide examples of when centralized networks work best and when decentralized networks work best.

Question 71

Describe the six types of groups. As you describe each type, note how communication is influenced by the nature of the group.

Question 72

Using the topic "international adoption," "surrogate mothers," or "death penalty," develop four discussion questions--one each for fact, value, policy, and definition.

Question 73

Five discussion formats are mentioned in the text. Choose any four and describe their characteristics. Also note a situation where each format would be appropriate.

Question 74

Six discussion group techniques, otherwise known as subformats, are presented in Chapter 3. Choose any four, briefly explain their formats, and identify a situation where the technique would be appropriate.

Question 75

Tubbs identifies ten common "Team Traps" to avoid. Assume you were going to do a leadership training workshop for college student leaders. What would you tell these student leaders?

Question 76

Computer-assisted groups are becoming more important. What role may computer technology play in business?

Question 77

Gibson and Hanna offer four practical tips for participating in groups. List and illustrate each of these.

Question 78

Adler and Elmhorst (1996) identify the five phases of the Nominal Group Technique. Describe this technique.

Question 79

Adler and Elmhorst (1996), suggest ideas for running an effective meeting. If you were to present a one-hour workshop on this topic, what aspects would you include?