Deck 2: Introduction to Measurement and Statistics

Question 1

Scores resulting from an assessment of reaction time represent what scale of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Your score on an examination is an example of what scale of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Answer 2

D

Question 3

How is the standard error of measurement related to a test's reliability?

A) The standard error of measurement provides an estimate of the correlation between true scores and raw scores.
B) The higher the test's reliability, the smaller the standard error of measurement.
C) The higher the test's reliability, the greater the standard error of measurement.
D) About two thirds of all test scores will be above the standard error of measurement.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The Borg scale for assessing perceived exertion is an example of which level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 5

What is true about a measurement process if two people conduct it under the same conditions and obtain the same results?

A) It is reliable and objective.
B) It is objective and valid.
C) It is valid and reliable.
D) It is valid and objective.

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic of ratio-level measurements?

A) They indicate only rank order.
B) They have real zero values.
C) They have arbitrary zero values.
D) They indicate only group membership.

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of ordinal-level measurements?

A) They indicate rank order.
B) They can be used to express ratios.
C) They have arbitrary zero values.
D) They indicate only group membership.

Question 8

Which reliability coefficient indicates the greatest measurement reliability?

A) 0.0
B) -0.5
C) 1.0
D) 1.5

Question 9

What value would a reliability coefficient have if no measurement error were present?

A) 0.0
B) -1.0
C) 1.0
D) 10

Question 10

Four newscasters (from ABC, CBS, ESPN, and NBC) are arguing over paired-skating scoring at the upcoming Olympic Games. What measurement issue are the commentators probably discussing?

A) Standard error
B) The fact that longer tests are more reliable than shorter tests
C) Relevance
D) Reliability
E) Objectivity

Question 11

The following excerpt is from the Fit Youth Today Test manual: "Skinfolds have been shown to be very reliable when testers have been trained, but slightly less reliable with novice testers. Reliability coefficients with trained testers exceed 0.90. Reliability coefficients between multiple novice testers are only slightly lower." Which measurement concept is being described in the italicized sentence in the excerpt?

A) body composition
B) Content validity
C) Performance standards
D) Physical fitness
E) Objectivity

Question 12

The following excerpt is from the Fit Youth Today Test manual: "Skinfolds have been shown to be very reliable when testers have been trained, but slightly less reliable with novice testers. Reliability coefficients with trained testers exceed 0.90. Reliability coefficients between multiple novice testers are only slightly lower." What general conclusion could be arrived at, based on the excerpt?

A) Skinfolds could be valid.
B) Skinfolds work better with males than females.
C) The test is valid.
D) Reliability is increased with increased trials.
E) Skinfolds are based on the PPM.

Question 13

The following excerpt is from the Fit Youth Today Test manual: "Skinfolds have been shown to be very reliable when testers have been trained, but slightly less reliable with novice testers. Reliability coefficients with trained testers exceed 0.90. Reliability coefficients between multiple novice testers are only slightly lower." The next paragraph in the manual discusses validity. What type of validity is probably described for skinfold assessment?

A) Concurrent
B) Logical
C) Relevant
D) Content
E) Face

Question 14

What happens to the standard error of measurement (SEM) as the test reliability goes up?

A) It goes up.
B) It goes down.
C) It depends upon the reliability.
D) It depends upon the type of test.

Question 15

All things considered, what is the most important characteristic of a test?

A) Its objectivity
B) Its relevance
C) Its reliability
D) Its validity
E) Its variance

Question 16

In scoring students' tests, why is measurement reliability so important?

A) It is necessary for comparison of student results to norms.
B) If a measurement is reliable, then it is also valid.
C) It indicates the reproducibility of a student's ability in an area.
D) It is necessary for comparison among students.

Question 17

Which of the following represents the nominal scale of measurement?

A) A state driver's license number
B) VO₂max assessed via treadmill
C) BMI used to define national levels of adult obesity
D) Achievement on the ACT test

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT considered empirical validity?

A) Criterion validity
B) Predictive validity
C) Construct validity
D) Content validity

Question 19

What is the main concern of inferential statistics?

A) Generalizing to large groups
B) Defining the points about which a distribution centers
C) Quantifying the way in which the scores in a distribution vary
D) Proving or disproving a hypothesis

Question 20

Which characteristic is applicable to the use of skinfold measures to estimate percent fat in athletes?

A) Concurrent validity
B) Relevance
C) Hydrostatic validity
D) Generalizability (from skinfolds to percent fat)
E) Construct validity

Question 21

Temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.

Question 22

Military rank

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.

Question 23

Names of professional sports teams

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.

Question 24

Height

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.

Question 25

Scores on examinations like this one

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.

Question 26

Ranks established in a round robin tournament (everyone plays everyone else)

A) if the level of measurement is nominal.
B) if the level of measurement is ordinal.
C) if the level of measurement is interval.
D) if the level of measurement is ratio.