Deck 6: Fairness and Equity

Question 1

The idea that all human interactions can be constructed in terms of exchanges of mutually rewarding activities is know as …

A) reciprocity theory
B) social exchange theory
C) evolutionary psychology
D) self-presentation

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to equity theory, when the ratio of inputs to outcomes of Person A equals the ratio of inputs to outcomes of Person B, the relationship is said to be …

A) dyadic
B) inequitable
C) balanced
D) equitable

Answer 2

D

Question 3

If your relationship inputs seem larger than your partner's yet your outcomes seem smaller than your partner's, you are likely to feel …

A) satisfied
B) overbenefitted
C) underbenefitted
D) ambivalent

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In an inequitable relationship, the overbenefitted partner is likely to feel …

A) satisfied
B) angry
C) guilty
D) sad

Question 5

Distress, frustration, anger, and sadness are emotions often associated with what type of relationships?

A) balanced
B) inequitable
C) unbalanced
D) equitable

Question 6

One way to restore equity in a relationship is for the overbenefitted partner to …

A) decrease their inputs
B) increase their inputs
C) suspend their inputs
D) increase their possible outcomes

Question 7

Hatfield, Utne, and Traupmann (1979) hypothesized that in dating couples in which the man is underbenefitted, the couple is likely to …

A) separate
B) both increase their inputs
C) have sex more frequently
D) spend more individual time with their same-sex friends

Question 8

Comparison Level Theory was proposed by …

A) Altman and Taylor
B) Petty and Caccioppo
C) Thibaut and Kelley
D) Wegner and Erber

Question 9

Which standard of comparison summarizes the outcomes people expect to get from a relationship?

A) equity
B) comparison level
C) comparison level for alternatives
D) balance

Question 10

The theoretical model that proposes that attraction and dependence are influenced by the level of investment one has in the relatioship is …

A) the investment model
B) equity theory
C) balance theory
D) comparison level theory

Question 11

_______ would be a tangible investment in a relationsip while _______ would be an intangible investment.

A) status; money
B) information; love
C) love; status
D) money; time

Question 12

A type of relationship in which benefits are given either in return for past benefits or with the expectation of future benefits is called …

A) communal
B) equitable
C) exchange
D) overbenefitted

Question 13

Your relationship with the grocery store clerk would most likely be a/an _______ relationship?

A) equitable
B) mature
C) communal
D) exchange

Question 14

The type of relationship in which benefits are given according to needs without consideration of past and future benefits is …

A) an exchange relationship
B) a communal relationship
C) an equitable relationship
D) an inequitable relationship

Question 15

Which of the following theories proposes that people scrutinize their relationship outcomes relative to their inputs and then compare the results to their partner's inputs and outcomes?

A) social exchange theory
B) equity theory
C) balance theory
D) resource theory

Question 16

Which of the following is the least particularistic of resources exchanged in relationships, according to Turner, Foa, and Foa (1971)?

A) money
B) love
C) status
D) information

Question 17

Which of the following is the most particularistic of resources exchanged in relationships, according to Turner, Foa, and Foa (1971)?

A) services
B) love
C) information
D) status

Question 18

According to social exchange theory, people want to _____ rewards and ______ costs when it comes to interacting with others.

A) maximize; maximize
B) minimize; minimize
C) maximize; minimize
D) minimize; maximize

Question 19

__________ suggests that people scrutinize their outcomes relative to their inputs and then compare the result to their partner's inputs and outcomes.

A) social exchange theory
B) misattribution theory
C) evolutionary theory
D) equity theory

Question 20

Sex differences in equity were more obvious in the category of …

A) love
B) information
C) money
D) goods

Question 21

According to Thibaut and Kelley's model, one would be happiest in a relationship where …

A) current relationship outcomes exceed the comparison level (CL)
B) current relationship outcomes are below the comparison level (CL)
C) rewards are maximized and costs are minimized
D) rewards are minimized and costs are maximized

Question 22

The comparison level for alternatives refers to …

A) the comparison level drawn from idealized notions of relationships
B) the comparison level drawn from experience in past relationships
C) the outcomes that could be obtained from a different relationship
D) all of the above

Question 23

A relationship in which one's current outcomes exceed her expectations for a relationship as well as those possible from alternative relationships is marked by ...

A) attractive instability
B) attractive stability
C) unattractive instability
D) unattractive stability

Question 24

A relationship in which a person is unhappy with his current relationship, but would be even more unhappy in an alternative one, is marked by ...

A) attractive instability
B) attractive stability
C) unattractive instability
D) unattractive stability

Question 25

Our evaluation of alternative dating partners tends to decrease as ________ increases.

A) commitment
B) age
C) self-disclosure
D) unhappiness

Question 26

According to the investment model, which of the following is NOT related to increased investment in a relationship?

A) commitment
B) feeling rewarded
C) more positive evaluations of alternatives
D) cognitive interdependence

Question 27

Relationships where benefits are given based on the other's need, without the consideration of past or future benefits, are called ...

A) standard relationships
B) communal relationships
C) equitable relationships
D) exchange relationships

Question 28

The theory that considers all human interactions as exchanges of mutually rewarding activities is …

A) balance theory
B) social exchange theory
C) social comparison theory
D) inequity theory

Question 29

The cost of an activity is directly related to …

A) how much two people want it
B) the time spent engaging in that activity
C) the desirability of the alternative activity
D) individual effort put forth in the activity

Question 30

Turner, Foa, and Foa (1971) suggested that rewards exchanged between people fall into six classes. Which of the following is not one of these classes?

A) love
B) money
C) status
D) reputations

Question 31

The distinction between communal and exchange relationships was proposed by …

A) Clark and Mills
B) Thibaut and Kelley
C) Erber and Wegner
D) Altman and Taylor