Deck 22: Visual Perception

Question 1

Out of all the sense modalities, the most cortex in the brain is dedicated to which type of processing?

A) Auditory
B) Olfactory
C) Gustatory
D) Visual
E) Kinaesthetic

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The fundamental principle of the Gestaltists was:

A) Yerkes-Dodson law
B) Weber's law
C) Fechner's law
D) The law of Prägnanz
E) The all-or-none law

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following was NOT a Gestalt law of grouping described in the text?

A) Law of good continuation
B) Law of proximity
C) Law of similarity
D) Law of closure
E) Law of asymmetrical fate

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The Gestaltists claimed that importantly, in contrast to the figure, the ground lacks:

A) Colour
B) Form
C) Expanse
D) Negative space
E) Illusion

Question 5

What conclusion did Barense et al. (2012) make about figure-ground relationships?

A) Figure-ground segregation in healthy individuals depends on past experience based on object familiarity and so is not entirely innate
B) Figure-ground segregation is more about innate factors than learned
C) Figure-ground segregation in healthy individuals depends on past experience not cognitive factors
D) Figure-ground segregation is more about cognitive factors than learned
E) Past experience and innate factors are equally important in figure-ground segregation

Question 6

Which of the following is considered the most important binocular cue?

A) Accommodation
B) Convergence
C) Stereopsis
D) Interposition
E) Motion parallax

Question 7

Oculomotor cues are:

A) Chronoreceptic
B) Thermoreceptic
C) Nocioceptic
D) Equilibrioceptic
E) Kinaesthetic

Question 8

Jacobs (2002) noted that observers tend to attach increased weight to which type of distance cue?

A) Reliable
B) Ambiguous
C) Tactile
D) Transient
E) Dorsal

Question 9

According to Biederman (1987), there are about how many different basic shapes?

A) 8
B) 20
C) 44
D) 36
E) 124

Question 10

Biederman (1987) found that object recognition was especially hard to achieve when parts of the contour providing information about which of the following was omitted?

A) Collinear points
B) Parallel edges
C) Concavities
D) Convexities
E) Transparencies

Question 11

Which visual illusion involves two line segments of equal length capped by inward or outward pointing arrows that make the line segments appear to be of different lengths?

A) Bezold effect
B) Müller-Lyer illusion
C) Ebbinghaus illusion
D) Ehrenstein illusion
E) Necker cube

Question 12

Milner and Goodale (e.g., 2008) argued that we have how many different visual systems?

A) Four
B) Three
C) Two
D) One
E) Five

Question 13

Compared to when the vision-for-action system was used, when participants used the vision-for-perception system, the average visual illusion effect studied by Bruno et al. (2008) was:

A) Two times smaller
B) Four times smaller
C) Two times greater
D) Four times greater
E) Five times greater

Question 14

A specific failure to notice that an object has DISAPPEARED is best termed:

A) Change blindness
B) Inattentional blindness
C) Cortical blindness
D) Blindsight
E) Visual agnosia

Question 15

According to Rensink et al.'s (1997) research, participants are more likely to quickly spot the difference between two similar pictures:

A) All of these
B) When the difference is of central interest
C) When the difference is similar to the task-relevant stimulus
D) When they expected a change
E) When they adopt an intentional approach

Question 16

In Hollingworth and Henderson's (2002) study, replacing a plate with a bowl is considered a change of:

A) Task
B) Token
C) Modality
D) Temperament
E) Type

Question 17

One of Hollingworth and Henderson's (2002) key findings was that changes in their stimuli were much more likely to be detected when the changed object:

A) Was functionally irrelevant to the scene
B) Had been a typical exemplar of its category
C) Had been fixated before the change occurred
D) Had marginal interest
E) Had been presented in the periphery

Question 18

Movie makers exploit our change blindness to cover up their:

A) Object continuity mistakes
B) Story inconsistencies
C) Characterisation discontinuity
D) Thematic discontinuity
E) Film style discontinuity

Question 19

According to Sharan et al. (2016) when is change blindness more likely?

A) When the change occurs in central vision and other objects are close to the changed one
B) When the change occurs in central vision and other objects are not close to the changed one
C) When the change occurs well into peripheral vision and other objects are not close to the changed one
D) When the change occurs well into peripheral vision and other objects are close to the changed one
E) When the change occurs outside of the visual field