Deck 12: STRS

Question 1

Jenkins once told Chang about the relationship between motive and opportunity, what was that piece of information he shared with her?

A) Look first to motive and work backwards
B) Look first to opportunity and work backwards
C) Motive becomes irrelevant if one does not have the opportunity
D) Choice 'a' and 'c' are correct
E) Choice 'a' and 'b' are correct

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Of the characters presented thus far, which one or ones would be considered a suspect with a motive and opportunity to commit a crime against Erica?

A) Sam O'Neill
B) Farah Dawood
C) Sarah Holmes
D) Choice 'a' and 'b' are correct
E) Choice 'a', 'b' and 'c' are correct

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What might be the motive to kill Erica?

A) Love triangle
B) Drug trafficking
C) Was a key eyewitness to a crime
D) Legal battle over custody rights to the children
E) Collect on a life insurance policy upon her death

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What data was Helen generating in the laboratory?

A) DNA sequencing profile
B) Blood presumptive test
C) Facial reconstruction profile
D) DNA purity test using spectrophotometer
E) All of the above

Question 5

The DNA report was finished and Helen wanted to share this information with Jenkins but he was not in the office. Detective Sanders indicated to Helen that Jenkins…..

A) left the office to go get something to eat
B) was in a meeting with his boss
C) was meeting someone who could provide information about the case
D) excused himself from work due to an emergency at home
E) responded to a vehicular accident in Burlingame

Question 6

What clue did Helen observe on Jenkin's vacant desk that might indicate his whereabouts?

A) Small pad of paper with a telephone written on it
B) Small pad of paper with a website written on it
C) Small pad of paper with the name Marcus James written on it
D) Small pad of paper with an address written on it
E) All of the above

Question 7

What did Chang do with this information written on the notepad at Jenkins desk?

A) Typed in the address indicated on the notepad and did a MapQuest search
B) Typed in the address indicated on the notepad and did a Google search
C) Typed in the address indicated on the notepad and went to You Tube
D) Typed in the address indicated on the notepad and did a search on Amazon
E) None of the above

Question 8

What is the central idea in this chapter?

Question 9

A laboratory technique used to identify the origin of crime scene DNA is called…?

A) chromatography
B) presumptive blood test
C) spectroscopy
D) DNA profiling
E) Paternity testing

Question 10

The purpose of DNA analysis is to reveal the contributor's profile for the regions of their chromosomes being examined. This term is referred to as….

A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Cladogram
D) taxon
E) chromatogram

Question 11

When the suspect's genotype matches the crime scene, the term…….is used in a forensics report.

A) inconclusive
B) excluded
C) included
D) innocent
E) guilty

Question 12

What method did Alec Jeffreys used to solve a double murder case in England?

A) DNA analysis using Restriction fragment length polymorphism
B) DNA analysis using Short tandem repeat
C) DNA analysis using Variable number of tandem repeats
D) DNA analysis using Single nucleotide polymorphs
E) DNA analysis using Sanger sequencing

Question 13

What does polymorph mean?

A) Region of DNA that has only one form
B) Region of DNA that has only two forms
C) Region of DNA that has many different forms
D) Region of DNA that has a dominant and recessive genotype
E) Region of DNA that has expresses a gene produce

Question 14

A tool that Alex Jeffries used to cut up DNA was

A) a restriction endonuclease
B) Taq polymerase
C) a quencher
D) a probe
E) a thermocycler

Question 15

Which of the words or phrases is associated with Gel electrophoresis.

A) agarose
B) electricity
C) Separation of DNA fragments based on size
D) Choice 'a', & 'b' are correct
E) Choice 'a', 'b' & 'c' are correct

Question 16

The Colin Pitchfork case was solved when

A) Pitchfork confessed to the murders.
B) an outpatient at a local mental health facility confessed to the murders.
C) Pitchfork was apprehended at the Heathrow airport with a falsified passport.
D) it was found that Pitchfork paid a fellow employee to donate a blood sample for him.
E) the technique of polymerase chain reaction was made available to Alec Jeffreys

Question 17

The terms locus and allele mean…

A) polymorphisms, genetic region, respectively
B) genetic region, RFLP respectively
C) polymorphisms, sequencing respectively
D) genetic region, polymorphisms respectively
E) polymorphisms, location on a gene respectively

Question 18

The more polymorphic a genetic locus is….

A) the less informative the site is
B) the less discriminatory the site is
C) the more informative the site is
D) the more individuals share the same alleles
E) None of the above

Question 19

When PCR was invented in 1985, it was recognized as a revolutionary tool that could be used in forensic cases for the following reasons….

A) required a much smaller evidence sample
B) replaced the use of restriction endonucleases
C) allowed scientists to quantify the amount of DNA in a sample
D) allowed scientists to amplify and sequence DNA
E) All of the above

Question 20

The technique that allows the annealing of DNA probes and amplified evidence DNA products is called

A) STR analysis
B) Reverse dot blot analysis
C) Electropherogram analysis
D) Gel electrophoresis analysis
E) Thin layer chromatography analysis

Question 21

VNTRs stand for…..and comprises of………….bases in length.

A) Variable number of tandem repeats; 5-80
B) Variable number of tandem repeats; 2-4
C) Variable number of tandem repeats; 80 to 200
D) Variable number of tangential repeats; 50 to 100
E) Variable number of tangential repeats; 5-80

Question 22

In the O.J. Simpson trial, a VNTR site D1S80 was used. What does this designation mean?

A) D for DNA, 1 = chromosome , S = single side, 80 = historical sequence in which genetic loci were being mapped
B) D for DNA, 1 = chromosome , S = single side, 80 = to represent 1980 when it was discovered
C) D for DNA, 1 = first time it was used in a forensic application , S = single side, 80 = historical sequence in which genetic loci were being mapped
D) D for DNA, 1 = chromosome , S = single nucleotide polymorph, 80 = historical sequence in which genetic loci were being mapped
E) None of the above

Question 23

If a D1S80 gel profile produces a single band, it is categorized as a ….

A) Heterozygote genotype
B) Homozygote genotype
C) Dominant genotype
D) Recessive genotype
E) Allelic ladder

Question 24

VNTRs were eventually replace by…….that are……….bases in length

A) STRs; 10-15
B) SNPs; 2-5
C) STRs; 2-5
D) SNPs; 10-15
E) All of the above

Question 25

By looking at……different loci, the odds that two people have the same STR profile is one out of……

A) 13; 200 quadrillion
B) 16; 100 quadrillion
C) 13; 100 quadrillion
D) 16; 200 quadrillion
E) 16; 100 trillion

Question 26

What of the following statements is not true about the amelogenin gene?

A) Gene found on the Y chromosome
B) Gene found on the X chromosome
C) Produces tooth enamel
D) Gene found on the sex chromosomes
E) Gene inherited by only males

Question 27

……….is a database maintained by the FBI laboratory as an aid for the identification and conviction of violent offenders. The acronym stands for…..

A) CODIS; Combined Data Index System
B) CODIS; Combined Designed Index System
C) CODIS; Combined DNA Index System
D) AFIS; Automated Finger Print Index System
E) AFIS; Automated Finger Print Information System

Question 28

Which of the following terms, concepts, and instrumentation are associated with generating a DNA STR profile….

A) Fluorescent dyes, thermocycler, gel electrophoresis, size standard
B) Fluorescent dyes, thermocycler, gel electrophoresis, radioactive isotopes
C) Fluorescent dyes, thermocycler, gel electrophoresis, dot blot
D) Fluorescent dyes, thermocycler, gel electrophoresis, VNTRs
E) Fluorescent dyes, thermocycler, gel electrophoresis, AFIS

Question 29

Which one the base sequences would be considered a tetranucleotide repeat?

A) AATAATAAT
B) ATATATAT
C) GATCGATCGATC
D) GCATTGCATTGCATT
E) TTTTTTTTTTTTT

Question 30

In the case of badly degraded DNA and sexual assault, the following sites are used for identification purposes:

A) MiniSTRs and D1S80 respectively
B) MiniSTRs and VNTRs respectively
C) MiniSTRs and X-STRs respectively
D) MiniSTRs and Y-STRs respectively
E) All of the above

Question 31

In the evolution of human identification the technology of DNA profiling has gone from VNTR's to STR's. What are the advantages this level of human identification provide for law enforcement ?

Question 32

STRs are or have….

A) Non-stutter regions of DNA
B) genes that produces proteins
C) 10 to 15 base repeats
D) used for forensic and paternity testing
E) choice 'a' and 'd' are correct

Question 33

The designation [TATC]₁₈ means….

A) this repeat sequence is found on chromosome 18
B) a monomer sequence that repeats itself 24 times
C) a dimer that repeats itself 18 times
D) a monomer sequence that repeats itself 18 times
E) choice 'b' and 'c' are correct

Question 34

What distinguishes a tetranucleotide from a pentanucleotide is the…

A) Number of bases that make up the monomer sequence
B) Number of times the monomer is repeated
C) Number of times it is found in the genome
D) Tetranucleotide means it is a 5-base pair repeat
E) Pentanucleotide means it is a 6-base pair repeat

Question 35

Below is a DNA STR profile of four (4) loci.
a. Determine the genotype of each loci.
b. Determine the base pair size of each peak.
c. Assume that D8S1179 & D7S820 are the same size repeat.How can the D7S820 allele 8 be larger in terms of base pairs than D8S1179 allele 9?