Deck 12: The Papal Monarchy

Question 1

First laid out by Pope Gelasius, the _____________ theory explained the supremacy of spiritual over secular power.

Answer 1

Two Swords

Question 2

What was at the root of the struggle between Henry II and Thomas Becket, which resulted in Becket's assassination?

A) Becket's goal of marrying into the Angevin dynasty
B) The Church's attempts to intervene in royal law
C) The abolishment of the scutage tax
D) Henry's rejection of Becket as a candidate for archbishop

Answer 2

B

Question 3

As a result of Becket's martyrdom, ____________ became one of the most popular pilgrimage sites in Western Europe.

Answer 3

Canterbury

Question 4

What was Arnold of Brescia's main complaint?

A) The Church should return to being controlled by secular powers
B) No law should exist anywhere in religious or secular circles
C) The Church had become corrupted by intervening in secular states
D) All people should be subject to ecclesiastical law

Question 5

The apogee of the idea of papal monarchy occurred under the pontificate of the powerful lawyer-pope _______________.

Question 6

What is the practical application of the idea of 'fullness of power' (plenitudo potestatis)?

A) That the pope could and should intervene in all aspects of Christian life
B) That the pope has complete power over spirituality, but not any place in the secular world
C) That the pope should renounce his claims to the Papal States
D) That the pope should formally be crowned Holy Roman Emperor to unite all Western authority under him

Question 7

Which Christian city/cities did the Fourth Crusaders attack destroy? (Select all that apply.)

A) Rome
B) Constantinople
C) Zara
D) Venice

Question 8

The French-won battle of _____________ halted the coalition of Otto IV and John I, effectively put young Frederick II on the imperial throne.

Question 9

How did Innocent III punish John I over the issue of Stephen Langton's appointment to archbishop?

A) John had to remarry according to the pope's wishes
B) John was forced to raise ransom for Richard I's imprisonment
C) Innocent formally revoked John's claim to the throne of England
D) Innocent placed all of England under papal interdict

Question 10

With what technique did Innocent III manage, direct, and standardize these archbishops and their subordinates?

A) He called them all to the Fourth Lateran Council
B) He gave them free rein to rule their dioceses as they saw fit
C) He disseminated written codes of canon law
D) He handed control to his council of cardinals to regulate them

Question 11

What ideal did most 'heretical' groups pursue?

A) The abolishment of the institutional Church
B) Material gains in this world
C) The apostolic life
D) Entry into the ecclesiastical hierarchy

Question 12

Which Waldensian ideas rankled the institutional Church? (Select all that apply.)

A) Required 'voluntary' poverty
B) Training women as priests
C) Vernacular translations of the Bible
D) Necessary lay public preaching

Question 13

The female lay order known as the _____________ sought a middle way between charitably serving the world and entering a convent.

Question 14

In what area were the Cathars most populous?

A) Northern France
B) Southern France
C) Spain
D) England

Question 15

Which term best describes the Cathar beliefs?

A) Non-hierarchic
B) Corporeal
C) Antinomian
D) Dualist

Question 16

What sparked the Albigensian Crusade?

A) The papal legate Peter of Castelnau was murdered
B) Waldensians and Cathars joined forces
C) Honorius III acceded to the papal see
D) The Holy Roman Empire made claims on Southern France

Question 17

Which of the following is true about inquisition? (Select all that apply.)

A) It did not collect or require evidence
B) It used torture in nearly every case
C) It was rooted in Roman law
D) Its goal was to bring accused heretics back into orthodoxy

Question 18

The treaty of _______________ formally ended the Albigensian Crusade in 1229.

Question 19

Which of the following are criteria for a justifiable accusation of heresy? (Select all that apply.)

A) Contrary to official Church doctrine
B) Publicly proclaimed
C) Withdrawn when corrected
D) Based only in the Old Testament

Question 20

Which group did the pope specially enlist to carry out inquisitions?

A) Beguines
B) Dominicans
C) Parish priests
D) Cistercians