Deck 11: Screening for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease

Question 1

A client with a history of diabetes is ready to begin an exercise session at a physical therapy clinic. The client's current blood glucose level is 65 mg/dL. What is the appropriate action by the client and the therapist in this situation?

A) Cancel the appointment and return the next day in another attempt to exercise.
B) Contact the referring physician immediately.
C) Give the client a 10- to 15-g carbohydrate snack, and retest blood glucose level in 15 minutes.
D) Begin the exercise session.

Answer 1

C
If the blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL, a 10- to 15-g carbohydrate snack should be given and the glucose rechecked in 15 minutes to ensure an appropriate level. If the blood glucose level has not responded appropriately, the physician should be contacted.

Question 2

Which of the following should be a red flag to the therapist during an examination?

A) Carpal tunnel syndrome in one upper extremity
B) Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome
C) Calcific tendonitis in one shoulder of an individual
D) Calcific tendonitis in both shoulders of an individual

Answer 2

B
Whenever a client is seen with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms, it represents a red flag. Calcific tendonitis often occurs in both shoulders of an individual with endocrine disease, but it is also common unilaterally.

Question 3

Why are individuals with hyperparathyroidism more likely to have fractures?

A) Poor balance
B) Proximal muscle weakness
C) Associated cancerous tumors
D) Release of bone calcium into the blood stream

Answer 3

D
Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are related to the release of bone calcium into the blood stream. Several of the other choices are characteristic of hyperparathyroidism, but the demineralization of bone will lead to fractures.

Question 4

What thyroid disorder is marked by protruding of the eyes?

A) Hypothyroidism
B) Thyroiditis
C) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
D) Hyperthyroidism

Question 5

What is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease?

A) Diabetes
B) Cardiovascular disease
C) Poor diet
D) Medication overdose

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

A) Direct control over the thalamus gland
B) Direct control over the anterior portion of the pituitary gland
C) Direct control over the posterior portion of the pituitary gland
D) Synthesis and release of hormones directly into blood circulation

Question 7

Which of the following symptoms of diabetes mellitus is usually found only in type 1 diabetes?

A) Polyphagia
B) Polydipsia
C) Polyuria
D) Hyperglycemia

Question 8

An adult with acromegaly will have enlargement of which of the following structures?

A) Femur
B) Humerus
C) Ribs
D) Hands

Question 9

Why is the blood A1C level important?

A) It gives the client's blood glucose reading over time.
B) It gives the client's blood glucose reading for the last 24 hours.
C) It gives the client's calcium intake over time.
D) It gives the client's calcium intake in the last 24 hours.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of autonomic nervous system involvement with diabetes?

A) Foot drop
B) Carpal tunnel syndrome
C) Numbness and burning in the feet
D) Impaired bladder function

Question 11

Which of the following is considered a normal fasting blood glucose level?

A) 60 mg/dL
B) 90 mg/dL
C) 140 mg/dL
D) 160 mg/dL

Question 12

Which of the following is not a normal manifestation of hypothyroidism?

A) Carpal tunnel syndrome
B) Proximal muscle weakness
C) Distal muscle weakness
D) Normal muscle bulk

Question 13

Which of the following is the cause of Cushing's syndrome?

A) Hyperfunction of the adrenal gland
B) Hypofunction of the adrenal gland
C) Excess secretion of ACTH
D) Decreased secretion of ACTH

Question 14

Which of the following would cause central diabetes insipidus?

A) Pituitary trauma
B) Medication overdose
C) Alcohol
D) Hypercalcemia

Question 15

Parathyroid hormone regulates which of the following?

A) Sodium and iron
B) Potassium and iron
C) Calcium and phosphorus
D) Sodium and phosphorus