Deck 8: Preliminary Procedures of Juvenile Courts: Detention, Transfer to Criminal Court, and Intake

Question 1

The short-term, secure confinement of a youth under court authority, pending court action, disposition, or placement is:

A) deterrence.
B) detention.
C) discretion.
D) diversion.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The application of due process rights to preventative detention of juevniles was addressed in which of the folloreing Supreme Court cases?

A) in re Winship(1970)
B) in re Gault (1967)
C) McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971)
D) Schall v. Martin (1984)

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The initial decision for detention is usually made by the patrol officer, under authorization of the probation officer.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following is not one of the factors that influences detention?

A) prior offenses
B) mens rea
C) age at first offense
D) family structure

Question 5

Most delinquency cases handled by juvenile courts do not involve delinquency?

Question 6

Juvenile Court Statistics show that about _____ percent of all delinquency cases involve detention.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 7

The secure confinement of juveniles almost always occurs in facilities that are run by which of the following?

A) Federal Bureau of Prisons
B) municipal police departments
C) sherrif's departments
D) department of corrections

Question 8

As it pertains to juvenile detention, the JJDP Act of 1974 sought to: promote sight and sound seperation between adults and juveniles, remove juveniles from adult jail facilities, reduce the number of minorities in secure facilities, and:

A) provide technical assistance to states.
B) remove status offenders from detention.
C) dectiminalize status offenses.
D) provide stronger penalties for juvenile law violators.

Question 9

Which of the following organizations is responsible for the Juvenile Detention Alterantives Initiative (JDAI)?

A) Annie E. Casey Foundation
B) Arthur C. Burns Institute
C) Center for Juvenile Justice Reform
D) MacArthur Foundation

Question 10

Through a process called _______________, juvenile court judges may deem certain youths to be dangerous, mature, and responsible for their acts and transfer the case to adult court.

A) adjudication
B) statutory exclusion
C) judicial waiver
D) concurrent jurisdiction

Question 11

The legislated authority of prosecutors to file certain types of juvenile offenses in either juvenile or adult court is referred to as:

A) adjudication.
B) statutory exclusion.
C) judicial waiver.
D) concurrent jurisdiction.

Question 12

_______________ excludes certain types of juvenile offenders and/or offenses from juvenile court jurisdiction; instead, these cases originate in criminal courts.

A) Adjudication
B) Statutory exclusion
C) Judicial waiver
D) Concurrent jurisdiction

Question 13

The number of juvenile cases transferred annually to adult courts exceeds 500,000.

Question 14

In the past two decades, the largest number of cases judicially waived to adult courts has involved ________________ offenses.

A) person
B) property
C) drug
D) public order

Question 15

Which of the following statement best describes the trend since the mid-1990s in judicial waiver of juvenile cases to adult courts?

A) The number of cases waived has increased for all types of offenses.
B) The number of cases waived has decreased for all types of offenses.
C) The number of cases waived has remained fairly stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.
D) The number of cases waived has increased for drug offenses, but decreased for all other offenses.

Question 16

______________ provisions allow juveniles whose cases are being handled in adult courts to petition to have their cases heard instead in juvenile courts, for either adjudication or disposition.

A) Juvenile blended sentencing
B) Criminal blended sentencing
C) Reverse waiver
D) Juvenile access

Question 17

Which type of blended sentence allows a juvenile court judge to impose either a juvenile or an adult sanction, and make that sanction effective immediately?

A) juvenile - exclusive blend
B) juvenile - inclusive blend
C) criminal - exclusive blend
D) criminal - inclusive blend

Question 18

Research findings typically indicate that transferring juvenile offenders to adult courts does not prevent serious juvenile crime.

Question 19

_______________ offenses make up the largest category of delinquency cases handled in juvenile courts.

A) Person
B) Property
C) Drug
D) Public Order

Question 20

A disproportionate number of delinquency cases in juvenile court involve black and Hispanic youth, based on their proportion of the juvenile population.

Question 21

Which of the following is not one of the three key determinations at intake?

A) probable cause
B) juvenile court jurisdiction
C) the necessity of formal processing
D) beyond a reasonable doubt

Question 22

In some jurisdictions, intake screening is based on an investigation conducted by a probation officer under authority of statutory law. This is called:

A) a preliminary inquiry.
B) due process.
C) parens patriae.
D) a writ of habeas corpus.

Question 23

The intake screening decision commonly calls for an intake __________-an informal meeting of the youth, parents, and probation/intake officer that seeks some informal resolution to the referral.

A) petition
B) conference
C) indictment
D) curtailment

Question 24

A "consent adjustment without petition" is:

A) a waiver of Miranda rights by a juvenile.
B) a legal document issued by the juvenile court judge that transfers a juvenile to adult court.
C) a court order dealing with a juvenile case without formal adjudication, based upon admission of the allegations, and some agreement between the juvenile court, parents, and the youth.
D) a court order that establishes the sanctions for an adjudicated delinquent.

Question 25

The following questions are on Reading 8.1 Leiber, Peck, and Beadry-Cyr (2016).
-The primary focus of the Leiber, Peck and Beadry-Cyr (2016) reading is on the cobimed effects of youths race and which of the following youth characteristics on court decision-making?

A) gender
B) age
C) social class
D) mental health status

Question 26

The following questions are on Reading 8.1 Leiber, Peck, and Beadry-Cyr (2016).
-How many Iowa counties were included in the juvenle court data that Leiber, Peck and Beadry-Cyr (2016) test their hypotheses with?

A) 20
B) 10
C) 5
D) 1

Question 27

The following questions are on Reading 8.1 Leiber, Peck, and Beadry-Cyr (2016).
-The race comparison in the Leiber, Peck and Beadry-Cyr (2016) reading is between white youths and which of the folowing?

A) Asian youths
B) American Indian youths
C) Black youths
D) Hispanic youths

Question 28

The following questions are on Reading 8.2 Redding (2010).
-______________ deterrence refers to efforts to prevent individuals who have committed offenses from reoffending in the future.

A) Focused
B) Specific
C) General
D) Primary

Question 29

The following questions are on Reading 8.2 Redding (2010).
-Research cited in the Redding reading reveals which of the following findings?

A) Juveniles transferred to adult courts are less like to be rearrested for violent or property offenses than juveniles who remain in the juvenile justice system.
B) Juveniles transferred to adult courts are less likely to reoffend than juveniles who remain in the juvenile justice system.
C) Juveniles transferred to adult courts are more likely to reoffend than juveniles who remain in the juvenile justice system.
D) None of the above.

Question 30

The following questions are on Reading 8.2 Redding (2010).
-Research shows that juveniles tried as adults have higher recidivism rates than those who remain in the juvenile justice system in part because of a sense of injustice that juveniles feel about being tried and punished as adults.