Deck 16: The Urban Transformation

Question 1

What caused the development of agriculture, providing enough demand in one place to stimulate new sources of food production?

A) cities
B) religion
C) trade
D) animal domestication

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to the number of hours spent at work, what group has the most freedom and disposable time?

A) rice farmers in southern China
B) American corn farmers
C) Kalahari hunter-gatherers
D) Brazilians growing sugarcane

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What did NOT occur with the urban-agricultural revolution?

A) a loss of freedom
B) greater work discipline
C) more time devoted to work
D) an ethic of social equality

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What is accurate about the layout of the first preindustrial cities?

A) poor located in the city center
B) elite located along the periphery
C) temples located at the city center
D) temples located at the periphery

Question 5

What were the earliest cities particularly vulnerable to?

A) ecological collapse
B) scarcity of building supplies
C) demographic collapse
D) conquest and looting

Question 6

What is a merchant city?

A) preindustrial city involved in international trade and commerce
B) site of development of a commercial society that regulates private interest
C) established civic communities that defined collective rules and the public realm
D) all of these

Question 7

What is an example of a merchant city?

A) Paris
B) Venice
C) London
D) Rome

Question 8

What was the second urban revolution linked to?

A) religious revival
B) new merchant class
C) industrialization
D) mass urbanization

Question 9

What best describes the layout of the industrial city?

A) factory production and nearby worker housing
B) agricultural fields that dominate small factories
C) temples encircled by the elite and then the poor
D) master-planned cities with parks and monuments

Question 10

What country had its cities at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution?

A) Canada
B) Britain
C) United States
D) Germany

Question 11

What is NOT a characteristic of the third urban revolution?

A) rapid, global change
B) increasing size of individual cities
C) cities as part of large metropolitan regions
D) ample affordable housing provided formally

Question 12

Where does the majority of the world's population now live?

A) suburbs
B) rural areas
C) urban areas
D) coastal areas

Question 13

Where do the fastest rates of urban growth occur?

A) northern hemisphere
B) developed countries
C) southern hemisphere
D) developing countries

Question 14

How many inhabitants turn a large urban agglomeration into a megacity?

A) 1 million
B) 5 million
C) 10 million
D) 25 million

Question 15

What is most negatively impacted by the expansion of megacities?

A) ecosystems and biophysical systems
B) transportation and energy systems
C) political systems and governments
D) social systems and inequality

Question 16

What characterizes the third urban revolution and the creation of larger city regions as the new building blocks of both national and global economies?

A) globalization
B) metropolitanization
C) industrialization
D) urbanization

Question 17

What made urban sprawl possible?

A) improvements in transportation
B) suburbanization of jobs
C) relatively cheap fuel
D) all of these

Question 18

What term refers to the unplanned, often illegal neighborhoods of self-built housing?

A) subsidized housing
B) slums
C) dumps
D) informal housing

Question 19

What is an accurate description of the insecure residential status of slum dwellers?

A) self-built housing is a universally, legally-recognized claim to the land
B) slums lack legal title to the land and are subject to government removal
C) self-built housing is often made of permanent materials to prevent demolition
D) slum dwellers were indigenous residents of the city, denied land rights recognition

Question 20

What is NOT a marker of a "slum of hope"?

A) continued buildup into fully formed urban neighborhoods
B) more buildings constructed from permanent materials
C) receives municipality status, legal title, and public services
D) rapid expansion into environmentally hazardous areas