Deck 11: The Geography of Language

Question 1

What term describes the particular aspect of how languages developed through contact with other environments and people?

A) spatial diffusion
B) language of place
C) cultural globalization
D) linguistic movement

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What environmental conditions tend to have the level of highest linguistic diversity?

A) locations hosting seasonal animal herders
B) mountainous places hindering movement
C) locations with extensive trade engagements
D) flat, arid plains suitable for seasonal farming

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Even in the most remote locations, what has always been present in speech communities from premodern times through to today?

A) monolingualism
B) written language
C) multilingualism
D) minor dialects

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is NOT one of the languages descending from the Latin legacy of the Roman Empire?

A) French
B) English
C) Italian
D) Spanish

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of how language use reflects imperial incorporation?

A) In Zacatecas Mexico, native Huichol speakers record and teach their language.
B) Quebecois in Canada speak a French dialect that was isolated during British rule.
C) In West African Côte D'Ivoire, many people speak both French and indigenous Yoruba.
D) Portuguese is a dominant language in one country in South America and two in Africa.

Question 6

What toponymic era is represented by the situation of Alice Springs, Australia and the reemergence of the long-silenced Aboriginal name of Mparntwe?

A) Indigenous
B) Colonial
C) Postcolonial
D) None of these

Question 7

The larger the number of divergent _____ names, the greater the force of singular _____ namings.

A) non-English; English
B) indigenous; colonial
C) native; European
D) colonial; postcolonial

Question 8

What term describes how a colonial power renames the landscape by replacing local words with those from the colonial language as an act of appropriation and control?

A) toponymic colonialism
B) imperial incorporation
C) naming politics
D) colonial naming

Question 9

What type of contact language form develops and is adopted permanently?

A) accent
B) creole
C) dialects
D) pidgin

Question 10

What is considered the localization of language, often evolving very distinct regional variants, particularly over long periods of time?

A) accent
B) creole
C) dialects
D) Pidgin

Question 11

What is the best example of a formal language domain?

A) home
B) court
C) street
D) work

Question 12

What is an example of code switching?

A) US-born children to Mexican parents speak Spanish at home and in school.
B) In Switzerland, the variety of German used will vary by the speaker's nationality.
C) UK-born children of Pakistani parents speak English with friends and Urdu with family.
D) In the Arabic world, variations in speech align with social and national differences.

Question 13

What group specifically drives the language shift occurrence?

A) working age adults
B) dependent populations
C) foreign-born immigrants
D) second generation children

Question 14

What is NOT an example of a liturgical language?

A) Hindi
B) Arabic
C) Latin
D) Hebrew

Question 15

What type of approach to a national language would be most likely employed by a settled, long-established country?

A) standardization
B) prohibition
C) vernacularization
D) marginalization

Question 16

What is NOT one of the four types of language policy?

A) exclusion
B) assimilation
C) hybridization
D) confederation

Question 17

What type of language policy is illustrated when each state in the US provides English and Spanish versions of state-specific documents and forms?

A) domination
B) pluralist
C) assimilation
D) all of these

Question 18

What group is likely the most vulnerable to language replacement?

A) small speech community
B) growing immigrant neighborhood
C) first generation young people
D) economically powerful culture group

Question 19

What has become the contemporary language of global interaction?

A) Spanish
B) English
C) French
D) Chinese

Question 20

What has particularly accelerated the rate of global English competency?

A) colonialism
B) international migration
C) capitalism
D) cultural globalization