Deck 19: Preventing Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

Which group has the highest rate of cardiovascular-related deaths in the United States?

A) African Americans
B) Native Americans
C) Hispanic Americans
D) Asian Americans

Answer 1

African Americans

Question 2

Jorge had surgery to implant a mechanical pacemaker that regulates his heartbeat. What cluster of cells in a healthy heart performs this function?

A) Tricuspid valve
B) Sinoatrial node
C) Vena cava
D) Right atrium

Answer 2

Sinoatrial node

Question 3

The leading risk factor for stroke is

A) obesity.
B) anxiety.
C) smoking.
D) hypertension.

Answer 3

hypertension.

Question 4

The coronary arteries supply blood to

A) the heart.
B) the brain.
C) the lower extremities.
D) the upper extremities.

Question 5

The upper chambers of the heart are the

A) aortas.
B) ventricles.
C) atria.
D) arteries.

Question 6

When atherosclerosis occurs in a limb, it is known as

A) coronary blockage disease.
B) carotid artery disease.
C) peripheral artery disease.
D) pulmonary artery disease.

Question 7

Susan's 73-year-old aunt suffered from a cerebrovascular accident in which the blood supply to her brain was interrupted. What is the common name for this event?

A) Heart attack
B) Stroke
C) Aneurysm
D) Seizure

Question 8

The technical term for a heart attack is

A) angina pectoris.
B) myocardial infarction.
C) arrhythmia.
D) thrombosis.

Question 9

James was diagnosed with atherosclerosis, which is

A) a condition in which oxygen levels in the blood are reduced.
B) a buildup of plaque on the inner lining of an artery.
C) an inadequate number of red blood cells.
D) severe chest pain caused by restricted blood flow.

Question 10

Ted just had a heart attack. What period of time after this event is the most crucial in terms of saving his life?

A) The first 15 minutes
B) The first 30 minutes
C) The first 45 minutes
D) The first 60 minutes

Question 11

Which vessels carry blood away from the heart to other regions of the body?

A) Veins
B) Ventricles
C) Atria
D) Arteries

Question 12

What is the number one cause of death for women in the United States?

A) Breast cancer
B) Stroke
C) Cardiovascular disease
D) Ovarian cancer

Question 13

Deoxygenated blood flows from the superior and inferior venae cavae into the

A) right atrium.
B) right ventricle.
C) left atrium.
D) left ventricle.

Question 14

A reduced oxygen supply to a body part or organ is known as

A) toxemia.
B) peripheral artery disease.
C) stroke.
D) ischemia.

Question 15

Which vessels permit the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products among body cells?

A) Arterioles
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Venules

Question 16

What is the process that occurs when the heart muscle adapts to damage by rerouting blood through alternate vessels?

A) Coronary occlusion
B) Coronary expansion
C) Collateral circulation
D) Peripheral circulation

Question 17

Ana is traveling overseas on a 10-hour flight. Why is it advisable that she regularly moves and stretches her legs during the flight?

A) To get some exercise and elevate her heart rate
B) To prevent hypertension
C) To prevent blood from pooling in her legs
D) To prevent nerve damage in her feet

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the size of the human heart?

A) A golf ball
B) A fist
C) A small plum
D) A grapefruit

Question 19

The blockage of normal blood supply to an area of the heart is a(n)

A) heart attack.
B) heart failure.
C) stroke.
D) aneurysm.

Question 20

The heart has how many chambers that work together to circulate blood throughout the body?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 21

Which single dietary change can result in a drop in LDL levels?

A) Consume less sodium
B) Consume less sugar
C) Consume more soluble fiber
D) Consume more vegetables

Question 22

Which of the following total cholesterol readings is within the desirable range?

A) 205 mg/dL
B) 185 mg/dL
C) 220 mg/dL
D) 210 mg/dL

Question 23

An irregular heartbeat is known as

A) tachycardia.
B) bradycardia.
C) arrhythmia.
D) fibrillation.

Question 24

The best method of evaluating cardiovascular risks related to cholesterol levels is to base it on the

A) total HDL.
B) total LDL.
C) sum of HDL and LDL cholesterol.
D) ratio of HDL to total cholesterol.

Question 25

The most common form of high blood pressure in older Americans is a condition in which the systolic pressure is elevated but the diastolic pressure is within a normal range. This is known as

A) nonspecific hypertension.
B) isolated systolic hypertension.
C) isolated diastolic hypertension.
D) secondary hypertension.

Question 26

Smokers are how much more likely to develop coronary artery disease than nonsmokers?

A) 1 to 3 times more likely
B) 2 to 3 times more likely
C) 2 to 4 times more likely
D) 3 to 5 times more likely

Question 27

Hypertension refers to

A) sustained low blood pressure.
B) sustained high blood pressure.
C) fluctuating blood pressure.
D) ongoing arrhythmia.

Question 28

A brief interruption of the blood supply to the brain that causes only temporary impairment is known as a(n)

A) stroke.
B) heart attack.
C) transient ischemic attack.
D) short-term hemorrhage.

Question 29

Which of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease is not modifiable?

A) Dietary fat intake
B) Level of physical activity
C) Smoking
D) Heredity

Question 30

A cardiovascular problem in a newborn is referred to as a

A) congestive heart failure.
B) congenital heart defect.
C) postnatal complication.
D) heart murmur.

Question 31

Which of the following is associated with metabolic syndrome?

A) Fatigue
B) Insulin resistance
C) Low blood pressure
D) Low levels of LDL cholesterol

Question 32

Tim's grandfather takes nitroglycerin when he feels a crushing pain in his heart caused by ischemia. This condition is known as

A) atherosclerosis.
B) arrhythmia.
C) myocardial infarction.
D) angina pectoris.

Question 33

Eric often complains of a racing heart, even though he is not exercising or anxious. What is the medical term for his condition?

A) Tachycardia
B) Bradycardia
C) Arrhythmia
D) Fibrillation

Question 34

A condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and can't pump strongly enough to maintain adequate blood flow is

A) a heart attack.
B) congestive heart failure.
C) a stroke.
D) coronary artery disease.

Question 35

Systolic blood pressure is the measure of pressure applied to the arterial walls when the heart

A) relaxes.
B) pauses between contractions.
C) contracts.
D) is at complete rest.

Question 36

Many strokes are preceded days, weeks, or months earlier by

A) minor aneurysms.
B) repeated thrombosis.
C) transient ischemic attacks.
D) symptoms of a heart attack.

Question 37

For the average adult, a healthy blood pressure is

A) 140/80 or lower.
B) 120/80 or lower.
C) 140/90 or lower.
D) 120/90 or lower.

Question 38

Diastolic blood pressure is the measure of pressure applied to the arterial walls when the heart

A) relaxes.
B) pauses between contractions.
C) contracts.
D) is at complete rest.

Question 39

Zach eats a high-fat diet. When he decides to improve his diet to protect his heart health, which type of fats should he be particularly careful to avoid?

A) Trans fats
B) Solid fats
C) Animal fats
D) Dairy fats

Question 40

Which maternal disease during pregnancy can result in a congenital heart defect?

A) Pertussis
B) Anemia
C) Pneumonia
D) Rubella

Question 41

All heart arrhythmias are life-threatening and should be treated immediately.

Question 42

Taking aspirin daily is recommended for certain people with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease because it

A) lowers body temperature.
B) slows the heart rate.
C) thins the blood.
D) lowers blood pressure.

Question 43

Which cardiovascular condition is known as the "silent killer" because it usually presents no overt symptoms?

A) Tachycardia
B) Bradycardia
C) Hypotension
D) Hypertension

Question 44

One in three Americans suffers from one or more types of cardiovascular disease.

Question 45

Cardiovascular disease is primarily a disease of the male population who are age 50 and older.

Question 46

The lower chambers of the heart are the

A) aortas.
B) ventricles.
C) atria.
D) arteries.

Question 47

Which procedure used to open a clogged artery carries fewer risks than bypass surgery and involves the insertion of a stent to keep the vessel open after the surgery?

A) Thrombolysis
B) Valve replacement
C) Angioplasty
D) Pacemaker implantation

Question 48

Cardiovascular disease is responsible for 40% of all deaths worldwide.

Question 49

When both systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings are high, this is an indicator of hypertension.

Question 50

How fat is distributed on the body contributes to the risk of heart disease. Which body shape is considered a higher risk?

A) Pear
B) Apple
C) Hour glass
D) Barrel

Question 51

The ethnic group in the United States with the highest death rate from heart disease is

A) African American.
B) Hispanic American.
C) Asian/Pacific Islander.
D) White.

Question 52

Recent research found that two key components of the Type A behavior pattern increase young adults' risk of developing high blood pressure. These components are

A) anger and violence.
B) depression and perfectionism.
C) competitiveness and anxiety.
D) impatience and hostility.

Question 53

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for stroke.

Question 54

George is undergoing a diagnostic procedure that produces 3D images of the heart as blood flows through. This procedure is known as a(n)

A) positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
B) catheterization.
C) ultrafast computed tomography (CT) scan.
D) electrocardiogram.

Question 55

Among U.S adults aged 80 and above, cardiovascular disease is more prevalent in men than in women.

Question 56

The procedure in which a blood vessel is taken from another part of the body and implanted to transport blood to the heart is known as

A) valve replacement.
B) coronary bypass surgery.
C) angioplasty.
D) pacemaker implantation.

Question 57

Cardiovascular disease has claimed the lives of more women than men every year since 1984.

Question 58

Which test measures the electrical activity of the heart?

A) Angiogram
B) Electrocardiogram
C) MRI
D) Echocardiogram

Question 59

Another term for stroke is aneurysm.

Question 60

An aneurysm is a traveling blood clot that becomes lodged in the brain.

Question 61

Congestive heart failure occurs as a complication of a stroke.

Question 62

Smokers have twice the risk of stroke compared to nonsmokers.

Question 63

The majority of known risk factors for cardiovascular disease can be modified through life-style changes.

Question 64

Diets high in saturated and trans fat raise blood cholesterol levels and make the blood more viscous, increasing the risk for heart attack or stroke.

Question 65

Lack of physical activity is no longer considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Question 66

An unresolved streptococcal infection of the throat can lead to rheumatic heart disease.

Question 67

Age, gender, and ethnicity are considered nonmodifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Question 68

Thanks to better identification of early symptoms, hypertension is becoming less common among college students.

Question 69

Buildup in the inner lining of an artery is known as plaque.

Question 70

"Apple-shaped" people who carry fat primarily around the middle are at less risk for heart disease than those who tend to store fat in the hips and thighs.

Question 71

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the blood vessels that transport nutrients, oxygen, hormones, metabolic wastes, and enzymes throughout the body

Question 72

The rate of stroke has increased the most in recent years among females age 15 to 34, and obesity and sedentary lifestyles may be playing a role in this increase.

Question 73

To reduce cardiovascular risk, it is advisable to increase the levels of LDL cholesterol and lower the HDL levels.

Question 74

The number of U.S. adults on medication to lower cholesterol is increasing.

Question 75

One year after quitting smoking, Sally, a former pack-a-day smoker, will have reduced her risk of heart disease by 50 percent.

Question 76

Consumption of 5 mg to 10 mg per day of soluble fiber may decrease LDL cholesterol by 5 percent.

Question 77

The recommended total cholesterol level for adults is 220 mg/dL.

Question 78

Heart attack symptoms and signs are largely similar among men and women.

Question 79

Chronic exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of heart disease by as much as 30 percent.

Question 80

Diuretics are used in the treatment of congestive heart failure to relieve fluid accumulation.