Deck 6: Global Countermovements

Question 1

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is considered globalization with a human face because ______.

A) it addresses key challenges (poverty, health, gender inequality) resulting from globalization
B) it focuses on the face of globalization
C) it focuses on globalization since the turn of the millennium
D) it debates the benefits of globalization

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The notion that the market society is a "double movement" is most closely associated with ______.

A) Karl Marx
B) Karl Polanyi
C) Karl Jaspers
D) Karl Maron

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The meaning of food sovereignty is not only applied to small producer coalitions in the countryside, but also to all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) sustainable/organic/local food systems
B) faith-based charities
C) micro-credit enterprises
D) Native American rights organizations

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to the demographic transition theory, birth rates ______ as economic growth ______. This transition occurs as societies shift from ______ to ______, and children are viewed as an ______ rather than a(n) ______. Select the best sequence of words to complete the sentence.

A) decline, proceeds. preindustrial, industrial, economic liability, necessity.
B) decline, stagnates. industrial, preindustrial, economic asset, liability.
C) decline, proceeds. preindustrial, industrial, economic asset, necessity.
D) decline, shifts. pre-industrial, post-industrial, economic asset, necessity.

Question 5

Evidence from contraceptive use in Bangladesh has been cited as superseding conventional theories of "demographic transition" because:

A) fertility rates declined purely out of coincidence
B) fertility rates declined without the required improvements in economic growth
C) fertility rates increased with improvements in the economy
D) fertility rates increased with increasing contraceptive usage

Question 6

A handful of ______ that manage the ______ of world grain trade contribute to the ______ of the global food chain.

A) food corporations, largest share, centralized control
B) food conservationists, largest share, distribution
C) farmers, growth, development
D) food industrialists, growth, development

Question 7

Food sovereignty, as defined by Paul Nicholson, includes all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) local food markets
B) right of a country to protect borders from imported food
C) defense of biodiversity
D) import substitution policies

Question 8

Food sovereignty proponents argue that the global market serves private interests and reduced food to the status of a commodity, skewing its access. This implies that those who ______.

A) produce food can benefit from it
B) have money will have access to food
C) sell food can determine what is produced
D) have money can determine the demand for food

Question 9

The feminist paradigm stresses that development is a relational, not a universal process, implying the need to take into account ______.

A) women's context, not abstract ideals
B) the relation between global South and North
C) the relationship between men and women
D) the relationship between productive and reproductive activities

Question 10

All of the following groups engaged in "environmentalism of the poor", EXCEPT the ______.

A) Kayapo Indians
B) Ogoni
C) Igbaras
D) Ijaw

Question 11

Collective women's movements such as those arranged by the Kikuyu women in Laikipia of Kenya illustrate how women's movements can do which of the following?

A) Infuriate government agencies
B) Undermine local production
C) Enable dependency on the state
D) Restore women's access to resources denied them by state

Question 12

Systemic countermovements are different from reforming movements because they ______.

A) offer the possibility of defending the system
B) offer the possibility of transforming the system
C) do not offer the possibility of defending the system
D) do not offer the possibility of transforming the system

Question 13

The Brundtland Commission's 1987 call for attention to "Sustainable Development" illustrates the paradox between ______.

A) development and poverty
B) economic prosperity and ecological damage
C) economic prosperity and human welfare
D) development and self-sufficiency

Question 14

Feminists advocate women take control of their fertility and recommend the following approaches to reduce fertility in Third World:

A) female education
B) use of sexual health services
C) counseling of men
D) counseling of girls and mothers

Question 15

The Zapatista movement is unique because it ______.

A) demonstrated the feasibility of food sovereignty
B) inspired disadvantaged communities throughout Mexico and the world to seek out self-determination
C) provided a powerful and symbolic critique of the politics of globalization
D) demonstrated the feasibility of mass land revitalization

Question 16

The Zapatista movement arose because ______.

A) NAFTA flooded Mexico with cheap and subsided corn from Iowa
B) subsidized corn undercut local maize prices for campesinos, driving millions of producers off their lands
C) NAFTA introduced policies that confiscated land from the campesinos
D) NAFTA denied loans to Mexicans.

Question 17

Unlike other countermovements, the feminist paradigm not only advocates for inclusion of women in the development process but also calls attention to ______.

A) the limits, silences and violence of neoliberalism
B) the definition of what constitutes 'productive' work in national accounting systems
C) discounting of women's activities as unproductive
D) emphasis on anti-gendered bias in development thinking.

Question 18

Feminists entered the debate linking environmental damage (stemming from resource impoverishment) to population control in the Third World because ______.

A) they are concerned about the overpopulation of the world
B) they want to protect women from biological manipulation (since most fertility control methods target women)
C) they wanted to draw attention to the fact that fertility control policies overlook the role of the global North in environmental damage
D) of their desire to direct attention to the male bias in fertility discussions

Question 19

The agenda of the modern feminist movement, as detailed in the 1999 Women's International Coalition for Economic Justice, include ______.

A) assigning equal value to productive work
B) valuing the work of social reproduction
C) reorienting social values from economism to humanism
D) assigning value to ecofeminism

Question 20

According to text, the promises of neoliberalism are not an illusion, but actually real.

Question 21

The concept of "ecological debt" is most closely associated with Dalai Lama and not Pope Francis.

Question 22

The outcome of environmentalism is to explore and generate ways to re-embed economy in ecology.

Question 23

DAWN (Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era), WIDE (Women in Development Europe), WEDO (Women's Environment and Development Organization) are all examples of Transnational Feminist Multilateral Organizations (TFMO).

Question 24

The feminist paradigm stresses that development is a relational, not a universal process.

Question 25

The Zapatista movement demonstrated the feasibility of food sovereignty and inspired disadvantaged communities throughout Mexico and the world to seek out self-determination.

Question 26

The food sovereignty countermovement emerged through the experience of a global agrarian crisis accompanying the neoliberal era (1980s to the 2000).

Question 27

According to La Vía Campesina, small producers should be the principal agent to feed the world, as they feed up to 70% of the world and have capacity to produce as much if not more food than large monocultures of industrial agriculture.

Question 28

Transition Town models thrive on principles of competition.

Question 29

Transition Town and Commons models of alternative futures demonstrate the role of local communities and groups to chart their own visions of development.

Question 30

What is the Transition Town movement's vision of the future? How would this vision translate into development practice and policies? From the perspective of a transition town paradigm, how would you measure development?

Question 31

Diane Perrons states that "neoliberalism is a powerful ideology and appeals to people's self-interest. It implies that free markets are somehow a natural and inevitable state of affairs in which individual endeavor will be rewarded, and perhaps because of this the poor accept growing inequalities because they think they have a chance of becoming rich themselves as society appears to be freer and more open." Do you agree with this statement?

Question 32

Define environmentalism, giving one concrete example of it.

Question 33

What is the relationship between colonialism, women, and environmental movements?

Question 34

Discuss the feminist notion that development is a relational, not a universal, process.

Question 35

What is food sovereignty and why is it important as a globalization countermovement?

Question 36

Discuss the origin of the Zapatista movement, and its significance in the debate on food sovereignty.