Deck 4: Outcome Research in Group Work

Question 1

Outcome research in group work includes

A) clinical trials.
B) qualitative reviews.
C) meta-analytic reviews.
D) All of the above.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

__________ is found by subtracting the mean of the control group from the mean of the experimental group and dividing the difference score by the pooled standard deviation of both groups.

A) Mean distribution of scores
B) Effect size
C) Standard score
D) Stanine

Answer 2

B

Question 3

If an ES = 0 is found, this can be interpreted as the

A) treatment was not effective.
B) treatment and control group means were the same.
C) average client in the treatment group performed no better and no worse than the average participant in the control group.
D) All of the above.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

An effect size of .70 means that the

A) average client receiving counseling displayed a better outcome than 76% of control group participants.
B) average client receiving counseling displayed a better outcome than 50% of control group participants.
C) effects of counseling are minimal.
D) None of the above.

Question 5

Some researchers have concluded that __________ have the greatest effect on counseling outcomes.

A) counselor characteristics
B) client characteristics
C) therapeutic factors
D) All of the above

Question 6

_________ use comparison groups, outcome measures, and standardized treatment protocols.

A) Meta-analyses
B) Qualitative analyses
C) Clinical trials
D) All of the above

Question 7

__________ involve detecting meaningful themes contexts, clients, and studies.

A) Qualitative analyses
B) Meta-analyses
C) Clinical trials
D) All of the above.

Question 8

When conducting a correlational empirical study, it is most appropriate to use __________ to interpret data.

A) ES
B) Pearson r
C) percentile ranks
D) stanines

Question 9

Which of the following statements is NOT true about group work?

A) Meta-analyses yield effect sizes of about 0.70 or higher.
B) It is effective in treating depression, eating disorders, grief, and sexual abuse trauma.
C) A combination of individual and group therapy can be effective.
D) Group work is less effective than individual therapy.

Question 10

__________ lead to greater replicability of the group experience.

A) Structured groups
B) Process-oriented groups
C) Groups with larger effect sizes
D) Effective counselor behaviors

Question 11

Pregroup training has been shown to boost

A) interpersonal interactions.
B) attendance.
C) treatment outcome.
D) All of the above.

Question 12

__________ is important in the early stages of the group process.

A) Cohesion
B) Altruism
C) Recapitulation of the family
D) Universality

Question 13

The outcome research on adult group work is more _________ than that of children.

A) robust
B) effective
C) concrete
D) insightful

Question 14

Group treatment gained popularity due to an increased demand for

A) effective treatment for those who couldn't afford individual services.
B) group treatment by health maintenance organizations (HMOs).
C) group work with children and adolescence.
D) All of the above.

Question 15

Whiston and Sexton (1998) found that group work is very effective in addressing school-age children with

A) family adjustment problems.
B) social skills problems.
C) discipline problems.
D) All of the above

Question 16

__________ groups appear to be especially effective among high school students with depression.

A) Relaxation
B) Divorce
C) Academic
D) Anger management

Question 17

What are the implications of the current state of the outcome literature for group workers?

A) More research needs to be conducted to help leaders skillfully implement group work.
B) Use group work more often with children than adults.
C) Group work should only be used when there are scheduling difficulties with individuals.
D) All of the above.

Question 18

__________ is a quantitative technique that aggregates the results of numerous clinical trials.

A) Qualitative analysis
B) Meta-analysis
C) Clinical analysis
D) All of the above.

Question 19

How should a researcher interpret the effect size of r = .30?

A) No effect
B) Small effect size
C) Medium effect size
D) Large effect size

Question 20

Each of the following statements is true regarding the benefits of meta-analysis EXCEPT

A) Meta-analysis can help compensate for methodological problems in some clinical studies.
B) Meta-analysis can help minimize study-specific error.
C) Meta-analysis carefully avoids generalizing trends and significant results.
D) Meta-analysis can help analyze robust trends across studies.

Question 21

Which of the following is TRUE regarding structured groups?

A) They are more leader-directed.
B) They are used interchangeably with process-oriented groups.
C) They are less supported by research than the use of unstructured groups.
D) All of the above.

Question 22

According to research, group treatment of depression in adults and bipolar disorder is

A) ineffective.
B) very effective.
C) harmful to group members.
D) varied and understudied.

Question 23

Group work has produced positive outcomes for children facing

A) divorce.
B) behavioral disorders.
C) depression.
D) All of the above

Question 24

__________ is contraindicated for participating in group work.

A) Anxiety
B) Depression
C) Psychotic thinking
D) All of the above.

Question 25

According to the chapter, what is a primary way that group leaders can help build a better profession?

A) Collaborate with researchers
B) Advocate for outcome research funding
C) Read outcome literature and practice accordingly
D) All of the above

Question 26

Describe clinical trials, meta-analyses and qualitative analyses.

Question 27

Define effect size. Describe how it is interpreted and how it is used in meta-analytic reviews.

Question 28

Explain the impact group structure has on the effectiveness of group counseling.

Question 29

Define pre-group training and describe the effects it has on group counseling.

Question 30

List therapeutic factors in group counseling. Describe why each factor is significant to the counseling process.

Question 31

Describe the effectiveness of group work with adults.

Question 32

Compare and contrast the effectiveness of group work with children and adults.

Question 33

Explain how group leaders can prevent harm in group work.

Question 34

Describe what you, as a counselor-in-training could do to advance the current state of the outcome literature for group workers.

Question 35

Define and describe effective group counselor behaviors.