Deck 10: Water Resources

Question 1

Where are most of Earth's freshwater resources located?

A) Oceans
B) Ice caps and glaciers
C) Groundwater
D) Lakes
E) Atmosphere

Answer 1

B

Question 2

All of the following are surface water features except:

A) aquifers.
B) oceans.
C) springs.
D) creeks.
E) ponds.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which component is NOT part of the hydrosphere?

A) rivers
B) lakes
C) aquifers
D) oceans
E) rocks

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Use the information provided in the illustration below to answer the question(s) that follow.

-What is the term for zone A?

A) unsaturated zone
B) saturation zone
C) zone of infiltration
D) water zone
E) perched zone

Question 5

Use the information provided in the illustration below to answer the question(s) that follow.

-What is the term for zone B?

A) unsaturated zone
B) saturation zone
C) zone of infiltration
D) water zone
E) perched zone

Question 6

Use the information provided in the illustration below to answer the question(s) that follow.

-What do we call layer C?

A) aquiclude
B) water table
C) perched zone
D) aquifer layer
E) confined aquifer

Question 7

Use the information provided in the illustration below to answer the question(s) that follow.

-Layer D created a perched aquifer. What sort of rocks would you expect to find in layer D?

A) sandstone
B) high porosity rocks
C) rocks with high permeability
D) low porosity shales
E) cracked limestones

Question 8

Which state does NOT use water from the Ogallala (High Plains) aquifer?

A) Oklahoma
B) California
C) Texas
D) Kansas
E) Nebraska

Question 9

Which of the following are processes from removing salt from water?

A) consumptive and non-consumptive use
B) porosity and permeability
C) aquifer and artesian flow
D) groundwater mining and artesian flow
E) distillation and reverse osmosis

Question 10

A cone of depression is caused by:

A) low porosity and high permeability.
B) pumping a well in an unconfined aquifer.
C) pumping a well in a confined glacier.
D) high evaporation rates from an aquifer.
E) pumping water from the zone of aeration.

Question 11

The percentage of total volume of rock or sediment that consists of pore spaces is called:

A) artesian.
B) porosity.
C) perched.
D) permeability.
E) aquifer.

Question 12

What is salinity?

A) water's soil content
B) a measure of permeability
C) a measure of porosity
D) water's salt content
E) a process for removing salt from groundwater

Question 13

The best aquifers are comprised of these rocks:

A) quartz and silica.
B) basalt and granite.
C) schist and gneiss.
D) sand and gravel.
E) ash and dust.

Question 14

If a low permeability layer overlies an aquifer, the aquifer is said to be:

A) aerated.
B) salty.
C) confined.
D) perched.
E) porous.

Question 15

The use of water is termed as ________ if the water captured is returned in close proximity to the source immediately after use.

A) consumptive
B) perched
C) nonconsumptive
D) permeable
E) osmosis

Question 16

How is freshwater used?

A) meat processing
B) paper manufacturing
C) electrical power generation
D) mining
E) all of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an effect of overdrafting during groundwater mining?

A) increased subsidence
B) shallow wells go dry
C) aquifer are recharged
D) salt water encroachment in coastal areas
E) increased costs due to drilling deeper wells or diverting other water resources

Question 18

All of the following are examples of nonpoint sources of pollution except:

A) wastewater discharge pipes from an industrial facility.
B) several agricultural farms where fertilizers are widely spread.
C) a large city with dirty roads and parking lots.
D) petroleum products from gas stations spread throughout in a large neighborhood.
E) sediment from improperly managed construction sites and crop and forest lands.

Question 19

All of the following are examples of possible water pollutants except:

A) water dipoles.
B) arsenic.
C) sediment.
D) microbes.
E) chromium, copper, and lead.

Question 20

Water can contain dissolved gases, like CO₂.

Question 21

Chronic arsenic poisoning can lead to skin lesions and skin cancer.

Question 22

The legislation that regulates the discharge of pollutants into U.S. waters is called the:

A) U.S. National Water Measurements.
B) California Coastal Commission.
C) Safe Drinking Water Act.
D) Clean Water Act.
E) Active Management Areas.

Question 23

Freshwater is abundant on the Earth.

Question 24

The two biggest uses of water in the U.S. are electric power generation and crop irrigation.

Question 25

The organization that protects the nation's water quality is:

A) U.S. Geological Survey.
B) Maritime Administration.
C) U.S. Coast Guard.
D) White House Office of Administration.
E) Environmental Protection Agency.

Question 26

Match the following options to its correct definition.
-gaining stream

A) where water discharges into the streambed
B) the layer between the saturated and unsaturated zones
C) springs are an example; occurs in a pressurized aquifer
D) where water saturates the ground; filling pore spaces
E) where the water from a streambed disappears to the ground

Question 27

Match the following options to its correct definition.
-water table

A) where water discharges into the streambed
B) the layer between the saturated and unsaturated zones
C) springs are an example; occurs in a pressurized aquifer
D) where water saturates the ground; filling pore spaces
E) where the water from a streambed disappears to the ground

Question 28

Match the following options to its correct definition.
-losing stream

A) where water discharges into the streambed
B) the layer between the saturated and unsaturated zones
C) springs are an example; occurs in a pressurized aquifer
D) where water saturates the ground; filling pore spaces
E) where the water from a streambed disappears to the ground

Question 29

Match the following options to its correct definition.
-artesian flow

A) where water discharges into the streambed
B) the layer between the saturated and unsaturated zones
C) springs are an example; occurs in a pressurized aquifer
D) where water saturates the ground; filling pore spaces
E) where the water from a streambed disappears to the ground

Question 30

Match the following options to its correct definition.
-groundwater

A) where water discharges into the streambed
B) the layer between the saturated and unsaturated zones
C) springs are an example; occurs in a pressurized aquifer
D) where water saturates the ground; filling pore spaces
E) where the water from a streambed disappears to the ground

Question 31

Water is considered a form of property in the U.S.

Question 32

Fractured limestones are poor aquifers.

Question 33

Confined aquifers produce cleaner and healthier water than unconfined aquifers.

Question 34

The main drawback to desalination is its cost.

Question 35

Which process can raise the water table?

A) withdrawals from wells
B) overdrafting from groundwater mining
C) drought conditions
D) extended periods of heavy rains
E) all of the above

Question 36

Where are Earth's freshwater resources located?

Question 37

Describe how a construction site could cause water problems, like flooding and pollution.

Question 38

What is subsidence? This can be a problem, especially in coastal areas. What causes subsidence?

Question 39

What is the difference between consumptive and nonconsumptive use of water? Provide examples of each.

Question 40

Is bottled Spring water better for you than bottled Artesian water? What is the difference between Spring and Artesian water?

Question 41

One way to deal with water shortages is to build dams. What are benefits for building dams? What are drawbacks (negatives) about dams?

Question 42

The causes for water pollution in cities versus agricultural areas differ. What are some sources of water pollution in cities? What are some sources of water pollution in rural, agricultural regions?