Deck 1: The Sociology of Gender Theoretical Perspectives and Feminist Frameworks

Question 1

Patriarchy refers to male-dominated social structures that lead to the oppression of women.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

First, define sexism, androcentrism, and patriarchy. Next, describe the relationships between these concepts.

Answer 2

No Answer.

Question 3

According to functionalism, the wife-mother should take the instrumental role in the family.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Compare and contrast the basic premises of any two sociological theories. According to each of these theories, why does gender inequality exist and why is it maintained?

Question 5

Karl Marx applied Friedrich Engels' ideas of class struggle to the family.

Question 6

Compare and contrast liberal, socialist, and radical feminist perspectives. According to each of these perspectives, why does gender inequality exist and what must be done to eliminate gender inequality?

Question 7

A dramaturgical approach considers human interaction as an enactment on a stage.

Question 8

Many young women refuse to identify themselves as feminists. Why is this the case?

Question 9

The sociological definition of status is

A) the degree of prestige associated with a position in society
B) a category or position a person occupies
C) the existing state of affairs
D) rules that guide people's behaviors in specific situations

Question 10

Radical feminism seeks to empower women by emphasizing the positive qualities that are associated with women's roles, such as nurturing and cooperation.

Question 11

"Female" is an example of a(n)

A) ascribed status
B) achieved status
C) role
D) stereotype

Question 12

The expected behavior associated with a status is called a

A) stereotype
B) norm
C) status set
D) role

Question 13

Shared rules that guide people's behaviors in specific situations are called

A) stereotypes
B) norms
C) status sets
D) roles

Question 14

I am a mother, a daughter, a college professor, and an author simultaneously. This is an example of

A) role confusion
B) anomie
C) social stratification
D) a status set

Question 15

Societies categorize members by statuses and then rank these statuses in some fashion. This is known as

A) role confusion
B) anomie
C) social stratification
D) status set

Question 16

The sociological concept of anomie refers to______ in times of great social change.

A) a sense of normlessness
B) role reversal
C) turning inward
D) punishments

Question 17

The oversimplified conception that people who are a part of a group all share the same characteristics is called

A) racism
B) stereotype
C) discrimination
D) sexism

Question 18

When male-centered norms operate throughout all social institutions of a society, that society can be said to be

A) paternal
B) gynocentric
C) patriarchal
D) egalitarian

Question 19

Androcentrism refers to

A) racism
B) egalitarianism
C) normlessness
D) male-centeredness

Question 20

The belief that the female status is inferior to the male status is called

A) stereotyping
B) androcentrism
C) homophobia
D) sexism

Question 21

Sex refers to ___________. Gender refers to _____________.

A) a biological characteristic; a social, cultural, and psychological characteristic
B) an ascribed status; an achieved status
C) male or female; masculinity or femininity
D) All of the above

Question 22

Logically interrelated propositions that explain empirical events are

A) research methods
B) formal theories
C) hunches
D) basic concepts

Question 23

Those theories that direct attention to data collected on large-scale phenomena are

A) used primarily to explain small group and interpersonal relationships
B) microsociological theories
C) macrosociological theories
D) incompatible with those theories that explore small group and interpersonal relationships

Question 24

Stability is to functionalism as ________ is to conflict theory.

A) change
B) consensus
C) harmony
D) class consciousness

Question 25

According to functionalism,

A) society is made up of interdependent parts, each contributing to the functioning of the whole
B) society is held together by coercion
C) inequality is the result of capitalism
D) social reality is bestowed only through human interaction

Question 26

According to functionalists, women were dependent on men for food and protection in __________ societies.

A) pre-industrial
B) industrial
C) contemporary
D) post-modern

Question 27

Women as wives and mothers are expected to provide emotional support and nurturing activities in the family. This is an example of a(n)

A) ascribed status
B) instrumental role
C) class consciousness
D) expressive role

Question 28

Men as husbands and fathers are expected to provide food and shelter for their families. This is an example of a(n)

A) ascribed status
B) instrumental role
C) class consciousness
D) expressive role

Question 29

The functionalist perspective is criticized because it

A) has not kept pace with rapid social changes in gender roles
B) tends to support white middle-class family models
C) has been used as a justification for male dominance
D) All of the above

Question 30

According to conflict theory

A) value consensus is important because it enhances stability
B) people interact according to how they perceive the situation
C) society is a stage on which struggles for power and dominance are acted out
D) All of the above

Question 31

When a group of people recognize they share certain problems and interests they form a(n)

A) institution
B) class consciousness
C) emancipated class
D) bourgeoisie

Question 32

Contemporary conflict theory was developed in response to critiques that

A) conflict is not simply based on class struggle
B) conflict theory is too static
C) conflict theory does not apply to working-class men and women
D) conflict theory is too microsociological

Question 33

The idea that men as a group conspire to keep women in subordinate positions is a critique associated with

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interactionism
D) dramaturgy

Question 34

The social-psychological explanation that social interaction is a dynamic process in which people continually modify their behavior based on their perceptions is most related to

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interactionism
D) feminist theory

Question 35

Concepts such as impression management, scripts, and enactment of roles are all associated with

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) feminist theory
D) dramaturgy

Question 36

Failure to give proper attention to macrolevel processes is the main critique of which theory?

A) Functionalism
B) Conflict theory
C) Symbolic interactionism
D) Feminist theory

Question 37

A theory can be categorized as feminist if it

A) can be used to challenge a status quo that is disadvantageous to women
B) is authored by a feminist
C) places women in a superior position relative to men
D) all of the above

Question 38

In what way is the feminist perspective compatible with conflict theory?

A) Both perspectives focus on the definition of the situation by women.
B) Both perspectives agree that structured social inequality is maintained by ideologies accepted by the privileged and the oppressed.
C) Both perspectives agree that biological constraints are the main reason for female subordination.
D) Both perspectives agree on the importance of traditional gender roles in maintaining societal stability.

Question 39

In what way is the feminist perspective compatible with symbolic interactionism?

A) Both perspectives focus on the definition of the situation by women.
B) Both perspectives agree that structured social inequality is maintained by ideologies accepted by the privileged and the oppressed.
C) Both perspectives agree that biological constraints are the main reason for female subordination.
D) Both perspectives agree on the importance of traditional gender roles in maintaining societal stability.

Question 40

The importance of the gender-class-race linkage in analyzing social behavior originated in the 1960s with which group?

A) European social scientists
B) White, middle-class feminists
C) African American feminists
D) Behavioral psychologists

Question 41

The power of women to adapt and sometimes to thrive in difficult situations is known as

A) double jeopardy
B) matriarchy
C) feminism
D) agency

Question 42

The feminist perspective tends to minimize the practical benefits of __________.

A) patriarchy
B) marriage
C) social class
D) empowerment

Question 43

Feminists agree with all of the following statements, except one. Which one?

A) Women are oppressed.
B) Sexism should end.
C) Women need to be empowered.
D) Education is the key to female empowerment.

Question 44

Professional, middle-class women are more likely than other groups of women to ascribe to which feminist perspective?

A) Liberal
B) Cultural
C) Ecofeminism
D) Radical

Question 45

Which feminist perspective focuses on the positive qualities associated with women's roles, such as nurturing and caring, to empower women?

A) Liberal
B) Cultural
C) Global
D) Radical

Question 46

To end the oppression of women, socialist feminists espouse

A) separate institutions for women
B) education and equal opportunity
C) exploitation of male labor
D) the need for the elimination of capitalism

Question 47

Radical feminism is said to have emerged during the

A) 1920s
B) 21^st century
C) civil rights and anti-Vietnam War movements
D) Victorian period

Question 48

The most diverse feminist branch is __________ feminism.

A) liberal
B) global
C) socialist
D) radical

Question 49

Which feminist branch is most concerned with the colonization and exploitation of women in the developing world?

A) Liberal
B) Global
C) Socialist
D) Ecofeminism

Question 50

Which activity is most likely to be associated with global feminism?

A) Working to empower Middle Eastern women who are restricted from education, health care, and paid employment.
B) Working at the local level to develop institutions operated solely by women.
C) Working within the existing social system to end restrictive gender roles.
D) Encouraging young women to embrace their femininity.

Question 51

Which branch of feminism draws upon earth-based spiritual imagery?

A) Liberal
B) Global
C) Socialist
D) Ecofeminism