Deck 9: The Working Class

Question 1

People who have blue-collar jobs display similar occupational prestige than their white- collar counterparts.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Like the middle class, the working class has always existed.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

People in the working class usually do some form of manual labor.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Nearly all of the people injured on the job are working class individuals.

Question 5

Like the middle class, working class job settings are often characterized by close supervision and petty work rules.

Question 6

Working class people must face their employers' attempts at regulating the rate and rhythm of their work; however, the employees are given much freedom in how they complete the tasks designated to them.

Question 7

A "fat" bureaucracy and "mean" management style ultimately lead to greater productivity.

Question 8

The embourgeoisement hypothesis proposes that there has been long term improvement in the occupational characteristics, income, and lifestyle of working class people such that they now resemble __________________.

A) the vast majority of the population
B) the wealthy
C) middle class persons
D) immigrants
E) early Americans

Question 9

As a result of industrialization:

A) the middle class was transformed into the working class.
B) the class structure changed dramatically.
C) people's lives changed, but not significantly.
D) agriculture improved.
E) traditional authority relationships were justified.

Question 10

The _____________ is a metaphor for the division between middle class and working class jobs.

A) rich and poor
B) haves versus have nots
C) clean-dirty divide
D) baseball game
E) ascription versus achievement syndrome

Question 11

Working class job settings tend to have each of the following characteristic except:

A) high educational expectations.
B) unpleasant and aesthetically crude surroundings.
C) close supervision and petty work rules.
D) intense production pressures.
E) conditions more dangerous to health than middle class jobs.

Question 12

Working class people:

A) are less likely than middle class people to die in work-related accidents
B) usually become poor.
C) often become middle class
D) are less likely than middle class people to be injured in work-related accidents
E) are more likely than middle class people to die in work-related accidents.

Question 13

The _____________ suggests immediately how closely supervised blue-collar workers are.

A) need to "punch" in and out, using a time card
B) ability to share in the credit for producing goods and services
C) lack of surveillance cameras
D) placement of names on shirts
E) recording of video in bathrooms

Question 14

The phrase ______________ refers to the attempt at regulating the rate and rhythm of work.

A) time-motion studies
B) regulatory actions
C) metered work
D) oppressive work conditions
E) intense production pressures

Question 15

Working class people have less income but more job security than do middle class people.

Question 16

The mean duration of unemployment is shorter for working class people than middle class people.

Question 17

Unemployment is a fundamental and pervasive source of stress among working class people.

Question 18

Reality for most working class individuals and families is that they are

A) economically stable.
B) economically insecure.
C) almost affluent, but this economic state is typically temporary.
D) usually unemployed.
E) usually supported by government programs.

Question 19

Those who are assured a regular income, even if it is relatively low, can _________________ to a greater degree than those for whom a steady income is more doubtful.

A) find new employment
B) take more time off of work
C) organize their lives
D) rely on extended family
E) move from one area of the country to another

Question 20

Differences in likelihood of unemployment mean that of all those out of work at any time:

A) most will never return to work
B) most worked previously in middle class jobs
C) the odds of unemployment are about the same for working class and middle class people
D) most worked previously in working class jobs
E) most will return to work within a week or two

Question 21

Any period without a job, especially long-term unemployment, is devastating to working class families, often destroying their lifestyle completely and sometimes creating _________ .

A) poverty
B) long term health problems
C) increased emotional ties to extended family
D) encouragement to begin small businesses
E) opportunities for poor people to move up in socio-economic status

Question 22

Despite popular beliefs to the contrary, poor and working class people are hurt more by unemployment than inflation.

Question 23

It appears that unemployment has a similar impact on both women and men.

Question 24

Surprisingly, unemployment results in little economic deprivation for most people.

Question 25

Individuals who are or have been unemployed display more psychological stress than those who have not.

Question 26

Families in which one of the spouses is or has been unemployed have a lower probability of disruption than those who have not.

Question 27

The lack of research on the impact of losing one's job is important because a high rate of unemployment has far reaching economic and non-economic consequences for those who go through it, sometimes ______________________.

A) triggering reversals of inflation
B) improving the commitment people have to their career development
C) creating a power shift from the working class to the middle class
D) lasting long after the experience is over
E) forcing people to leave the country

Question 28

Jobs not only provide a way to earn a living, they also affect people's ____________.

A) educational values
B) sports team affiliation
C) family size
D) propensity to believe in UFOs
E) identity

Question 29

The longer the ____________________, the greater the economic deprivation and the more likely impoverishment and homelessness.

A) removal from school of children
B) separation from one's spouse
C) duration of unemployment
D) period of union membership
E) people have lived outside of their parent's home

Question 30

When families must deal with economic deprivation and the unemployed family members are trying to cope with their own stress, then ___________ becomes likely.

A) vacation
B) embourgeoisement
C) conception
D) death
E) family disruption

Question 31

Unemployed people-especially men-experience economic deprivation and stress, which leads them to become more irritable, tense, and hostile; such feelings are acted out on those immediately around them:

A) their coworkers.
B) their children and spouses.
C) their supervisors.
D) other people in traffic, i.e., "road rage".
E) strangers near them.

Question 32

It is sometime difficult to determine the aggregate class of a particular neighborhood by observing their housing characteristics and imputing income.

Question 33

Working class neighborhoods are characterized by higher housing density.

Question 34

The quality of housing does not differ by social class.

Question 35

The lower the social class, then the fewer amenities built into housing.

Question 36

Smaller houses (or apartments) make daily life easier because people have less area to clean, heat or cool, and furnish.

Question 37

People's ________________ is usually their biggest single expenditure and it symbolizes their share of the distribution of resources in the society.

A) food
B) clothing
C) income and other taxes
D) credit card payments
E) housing

Question 38

The lower the social class, then:

A) the higher the proportion of income spent on housing
B) none of these are true (excluding the "all" answer)
C) the older the housing
D) the lower the value of housing
E) all of these are true (excluding the "none" answer)

Question 39

The lower the social class, then:

A) the higher the religiosity
B) the lower the rate of cigarette smoking
C) the fewer the amenities built into housing
D) lower the residential density
E) lower the residential crowding

Question 40

The number of _______________ are important, for they indicate the degree of crowding that occurs.

A) rooms and bathrooms
B) pets in the home
C) automobiles
D) lighting and other fixtures
E) ways into and out of a home