Deck 3: Physical Activity and Self-Esteem

Question 1

Which definition best describes self-esteem?

A) Self-esteem is based on the values which one person places on another.
B) Self-esteem reflects the degree to which individuals appraise and value themselves.
C) Self-esteem describes aspects of one's self such as what they do.
D) Researchers cannot agree on a usable definition of self-esteem.

Answer 1

Self-esteem reflects the degree to which individuals appraise and value themselves.

Question 2

What is the key difference between self-esteem and self-concept?

A) There is no difference and the terms may be used interchangeably.
B) Self-esteem is a descriptor of an aspect of one's self, while self-concept adds value to that descriptor.
C) Self-concept is a descriptor of an aspect of one's self, while self-esteem adds value to that descriptor.
D) Self-concept is a descriptor of an aspect of one's self, while self-esteem explains how one uses that aspect in daily life.

Answer 2

Self-concept is a descriptor of an aspect of one's self, while self-esteem adds value to that descriptor.

Question 3

Based on the 'motivational approach' self-esteem is seen to act as a __________of physical activity:

A) Distractor
B) Inhibitor
C) Determinant
D) Consequence

Answer 3

Determinant

Question 4

In a review of reviews by Biddle, Ciaccioni, Thomas, and Vergeer (2019) it was reported that:

A) there is little evidence of a relationship between physical activity and self-esteem in young people
B) there is mixed evidence of a relationship between physical activity and self-esteem in young people
C) there is strong evidence of a relationship between physical activity and self-esteem in young people
D) there is evidence of causal relationship between physical activity and self-esteem in young people

Question 5

In a meta-analysis by Spence et al (2005) it was reported that there is a small, significant, positive effect of physical activity on global self-esteem in adults. However, this effect was moderated by what?

A) A significant change in fitness
B) Baseline levels of fitness
C) The program design variables including exercise frequency, intensity, or duration
D) Baseline level of self-esteem

Question 6

Physical activity is suggested to impact self-esteem in young people. How might that impact be best described?

A) Any form of physical activity has an overwhelmingly positive effect on self-esteem in young people
B) There are moderate positive effects of physical activity on self-esteem in young people but only in those with poor health.
C) Physical activity can lead to short term improvements in self-esteem, however, this conclusion is limited by a lack of high quality research.
D) None of the above. Physical activity only has positive effect on self-esteem in adults.

Question 7

Which of these physical activities might you recommend as being effective to improve self-esteem in older people?

A) Walking or other aerobic activities
B) Muscle toning and stretching activities
C) Relaxation activities like Tai Chi
D) All have been shown to be effective

Question 8

The environment and the activity have important implications for physical activity interventions and self-esteem. In order for people to benefit we should aim to:

A) Promote physical activities likely to be seen as positive with low threat to self-esteem
B) Provide competitive activities which challenge physical competence
C) Encourage people to compare their physical competence with others
D) Use a military-style physical activity intervention which forces people to face their fears

Question 9

Social physique anxiety might be a factor which influences physical activity and sport participation. People with high levels of this construct are likely to:

A) Avoid situations in which their physique might be scrutinised.
B) Avoid activities where their physiques might be accentuated, even if those activities might be beneficial.
C) Use a variety of ways to improve their physiques even when some may be harmful.
D) All of the above