Deck 10: Automatic and Dual-Process Approaches

Question 1

Type-2 processing is considered to be

A) relatively fast, effortless and automatic
B) relatively slow, effortful and volitional
C) relatively fast, effortful and automatic
D) relatively slow, effortful and automatic

Answer 1

relatively slow, effortful and volitional

Question 2

Behaviour is more likely to be regulated by conscious decisions through intentions

A) In novel contexts
B) In familiar contexts
C) In enjoyable contexts
D) In unpleasant contexts

Answer 2

In novel contexts

Question 3

Gardner and colleagues (2011) reviewed associations between a measure of habit and selected health behaviours. They reported the average strength of correlation between this index and various physical activities was

A) Not significant
B) Small
C) Moderate
D) Moderate-to-large

Answer 3

Moderate-to-large

Question 4

Affectively charged motivation to not perform a behaviour (i.e., fear, aversion) tends to occur for behaviours that are

A) Delayed in pleasure but have positive health outcomes
B) Immediately pleasurable but have poor health consequences
C) Immediately aversive but have positive health outcomes
D) Immediately aversive but do not have any health consequences

Question 5

The Affective-Reflective Theory (ART)(Brand & Ekkekakis, 2018) is distinct from other theories used in exercise psychology because it

A) Integrates a range of social-cognitive theoretical perspectives
B) Has a central focus on affect and automaticity
C) Has a practical orientation
D) Can explain long term maintenance of behaviour

Question 6

According to the Affective-Reflective Theory (ART) (Brand & Ekkekakis, 2018), reflective evaluation is to _______________ as automatic affective valuation is to ______________.

A) Action impulse, action plans
B) Instrumental attitudes, affective attitudes
C) Actions plans, action impulse
D) Affective attitudes, instrumental attitudes

Question 7

The concept describing when people tend to respond more to the immediate costs and benefits of their actions than to those experienced over the long-term is known as

A) Salience
B) Loss Aversion
C) Over-Optimism
D) Present Bias

Question 8

Hollands et al. (2013) found that the majority of physical activity choice architecture studies have

A) Attempted to change ambience
B) Used prompting (with signs)
C) Used labelling
D) Changed functional design

Question 9

Evidence presented in chapter 10 suggests that there are short term benefits of incentives for physical activity participation. The evidence for long-term benefits is

A) Moderate
B) Less compelling
C) Absent
D) Unlikely