Deck 11: Leadership

Question 1

Believing that most individuals could be trained to be leaders is most consistent which with leadership theory?

A) behavioral theories
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) "Great man" theory
D) relational-oriented leadership

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Claiming that a great leader and coach was simply "born to lead" is emblematic of which leadership theory?

A) Trait theory
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) behavioral theory
D) interactional theory

Answer 2

A

Question 3

According to behavior theory, what are two key behaviors of leaders?

A) consideration; an initiating structure
B) competition; compassion
C) transformation; consolidation
D) transaction; interaction

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following theories is NOT an interactional approach to leadership?

A) Trait theory
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) Path-Goal Theory
D) Life Cycle Theory

Question 5

The interactional approach to leadership suggests that effective leadership is a product of the leader's leadership style and _____.

A) the demands of the situation
B) the group members' personalities
C) the relationship between the leader and the group members
D) The Path-Goal of the leader

Question 6

Which of the following behaviors is an initiating structure behavior?

A) Asking that group members follow rules
B) Listening to group members
C) being friendly and approachable
D) treating group members fairly

Question 7

Which of the following behaviors is a consideration behavior?

A) treating group members fairly
B) Asking that group members follow rules
C) maintaining standards of performance
D) Having clear, known expectations

Question 8

Specifying rewards and punishments for meeting and failing to meet performance goals is typical of which type of leadership?

A) transactional leadership
B) transformational leadership
C) contingency leadership
D) Trait leadership

Question 9

Focusing more on inspiring group members and leading by example is typical of which leadership style?

A) transformational leadership
B) transactional leadership
C) Trait leadership
D) contingency leadership

Question 10

According to contingency models of leadership, the two basic leadership styles are:

A) task-oriented and relationship-oriented
B) player-oriented and team-oriented
C) goal-oriented and process-oriented
D) trait-oriented and state-oriented

Question 11

When a player complains that they don't "mesh" with their coach's leadership style, they are implicitly evoking a _____ model of leadership

A) interactional
B) transformational
C) goal-oriented
D) trait

Question 12

Research suggesting that the effectiveness of a coach ebbs and flows over time is consistent with which interactional theory?

A) life cycle theory
B) Fiedler's contingency model
C) "Great man" theory
D) multidimensional theory

Question 13

According to the multidimensional model, athlete satisfaction is determined by the leader's:

A) All of the above
B) required behavior
C) actual behavior
D) preferred behavior

Question 14

In the multidimensional model, a mandatory press conference would be classified as _____ behavior.

A) Required
B) Preferred
C) Actual
D) relational

Question 15

In the multidimensional model, a coach's speech to the players would be classified as _____ behavior.

A) Actual
B) Preferred
C) Required
D) relational

Question 16

In the multidimensional model, the players' ideal coaching style would be classified as _____ behavior.

A) Preferred
B) Actual
C) Relational
D) required

Question 17

In general, _____ athletes prefer a more autocratic leadership style than _____ athletes.

A) Male; Female
B) Female; Male
C) Young; Old
D) Old; Young

Question 18

Smoll and Smith's model of leadership behavior suggests that both ____ and _____ factors influence how players react to the coach's behavior.

A) cognitive; affective
B) cognitive; perceptual
C) relational; transactional
D) path; goal

Question 19

The Coaching Behavior Assessment System measures both _____ behaviors and _____ behaviors.

A) reactive; spontaneous
B) relational; transactional
C) cognitive; affective
D) transformational; transactional

Question 20

A coach yells an insult at a player that makes a mistake on the field. This behavior should be classified as _____ and _____.

A) Reactive; punishment
B) Reactive; non-reinforcement
C) spontaneous; game irrelevant
D) spontaneous; game related

Question 21

A coach gives general praise to the team throughout the game. This behavior should be classified as _____ and _____.

A) Spontaneous; game related
B) Reactive; reinforcement
C) spontaneous; game irrelevant
D) reactive; punitive

Question 22

The model of coaching efficacy assesses coaches based on their ability to motivate, their in-game strategy, their ability to teach necessary techniques, and:

A) their ability to build character
B) their willingness to make sacrifices for the team
C) their cognitive ability
D) their transformational style

Question 23

In the model of coaching efficacy, a coach's ability to build team cohesion is an aspect of which dimension?

A) Motivation
B) game strategy
C) character building
D) technique

Question 24

If a coach is well-liked and her players are well-motivated, trained, and have excellent sportsmanship, which aspect of coaching efficacy may be lacking?

A) Ability to make critical decisions during competition
B) Ability to teach specific techniques
C) Ability to build team cohesion
D) Ability to instill an attitude of respect for others

Question 25

Examining the coaching style of John Wooden, about 50% of his communication with players was:

A) specific instruction
B) general encouragement
C) verbal compliments
D) verbal scolding

Question 26

Examining the coaching style of John Wooden, he spent roughly equal time (6%) praising and _____ players.

A) Scolding
B) Instructing
C) urging on
D) encouraging

Question 27

Information conveyed through posture, gestures, body position, etc is called _____ communication

A) non-verbal
B) intuitive
C) relational
D) subliminal

Question 28

A coach tells a player she is pleased with her behavior while avoiding eye contact and shaking her head. This mixed message could be labeled a _____ error.

A) Sender
B) Receiver
C) Trust
D) relational

Question 29

To increase the effectiveness of communication, coaches should:

A) All of the above
B) show empathy
C) be assertive, rather than aggressive
D) develop trust

Question 30

A player is reluctant to express any opinions about a coach's proposed strategy, because she is afraid of ridicule. What is the best way for the coach to encourage candid feedback?

A) Develop trust with the players
B) Increase assertive communication
C) Focus on staying positive when giving instruction
D) Cease giving any critical feedback

Question 31

According to life-cycle approaches to leadership, coaches should adapt their leadership style to the characteristics of the team they are coaching.

Question 32

According to the multidimensional model, the same behavior from a coach might be judged positively in one situation, but negatively in another situation.

Question 33

Research suggests that tennis players with more ability prefer a coach that gives more positive feedback, compared to players with less ability

Question 34

A good match between a coach's style and a player's preferences impacts satisfaction, but it unrelated to performance.

Question 35

In the Coaching Behavior Assessment System, a coach's reactive behaviors may be positive or negative.

Question 36

The benefit of coaching effectiveness training is primarily restricted to professional sports.

Question 37

The model of coaching efficacy boils coaching down to a single, measurable trait.

Question 38

Training the nonverbal behavior of coaches is much harder than training verbal behavior because it is often done unintentionally.

Question 39

Athletes tend to give more positive nonverbal feedback to experienced coaches, compared to inexperienced coaches.

Question 40

Legendary basketball coaches Pat Summitt and John Wooden were notable for their calm, positive attitude throughout their careers.

Question 41

Experienced coaches rely more on specific and verbal instruction than inexperienced coaches.

Question 42

When players feel threatened by a verbal insult from a coaching this is termed a receiver error.

Question 43

If a player misunderstands the coach's message because he doesn't like the coach, a receiver error has occurred.

Question 44

Players are likely to respond defensively when a coach expresses genuine concern about them on a personal level.

Question 45

Coaches should avoid criticism at all costs, in order to create a more positive team environment.

Question 46

Contrast the behavioral theory and the trait theory of leadership. Which do you think the evidence supports and why?

Question 47

Does the relative effectiveness of relational vs. task oriented leadership styles change when you go from college sports to professional sports? Give an example to support your decision.

Question 48

Is the model of leadership behavior an interactional model? Give two examples to support your decision.

Question 49

Is it fair for coaches to change their interactions based on players' personalities?

Question 50

Pick one of the "10 Commandments of Effective Sports Communication" and describe both why it is necessary, and why breaking this commandment could disrupt communication.