Deck 19: Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Question 1

Which type of encephalitis infectious agent is treated with acyclovir?

A) West Nile virus
B) Saint Louis encephalitis
C) California encephalitis
D) herpes simplex virus

Answer 1

herpes simplex virus

Question 2

Tuberculous meningitis enters the body by which method?

A) sexual contact
B) inhalation
C) casual touch
D) transfer of blood only

Answer 2

inhalation

Question 3

What type of agent typically causes encephalitis?

A) bacteria
B) fungus
C) trauma
D) virus

Answer 3

virus

Question 4

What structure in the cranium has the closest contact with the brain?

A) dura mater
B) arachnoid
C) subarachnoid space
D) pia matter

Question 5

Which type of encephalitis is rapidly progressive with lesions in the basal ganglia?

A) West Nile virus
B) Saint Louis encephalitis
C) Eastern equine encephalitis
D) California virus encephalitis

Question 6

A positive result of which of the following two tests would lead the physical therapist assistant (PTA)to believe the patient could have meningitis?

A) Babinski's and Thomas' tests
B) Kernig's and Babinski's tests
C) Thomas' and Brudzinski's tests
D) Kernig's and Brudzinski's tests

Question 7

Brain infection can cause which of the following to occur?

A) increased antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
B) CSF will have more white blood cells than blood
C) brain infarction and decreased cerebral blood flow
D) an increase in the level of blood glucose in the CSF

Question 8

In addition to antibiotics,which of the following medications should be administered to reduce subarachnoid space inflammatory response related to meningitis

A) dexamethasone
B) antiseizure medications
C) Lortab
D) aspirin

Question 9

A physician suspects infection by the West Nile virus.He decides to test for immunoglobulin M (IgM).When are these antibodies first detectable after symptom onset?

A) 2 hours after symptom onset
B) 1 day after symptom onset
C) 4 days after symptom onset
D) 8 days after symptom onset

Question 10

What is the cardinal sign of meningitis?

A) balance disturbances
B) tinnitus
C) headache
D) confusion

Question 11

Which of the following tests will show cerebral edema and vascular damage the earliest in encephalitis?

A) MRI
B) CT scan
C) lumbar puncture
D) plain film radiograph

Question 12

What test is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of meningitis?

A) computed tomography (CT) scan
B) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C) bone scan
D) lumbar puncture

Question 13

Which of the following is the most severe form of meningitis?

A) viral meningitis
B) bacterial meningitis
C) fungal meningitis
D) infective meningitis

Question 14

Positioning and range of motion exercises for the lumbar spine are critical during what phase of intervention for a patient with bacterial meningitis?

A) acute
B) subacute
C) chronic
D) restorative

Question 15

Which of the following is a potential complication of bacterial meningitis?

A) hypernatremia, increased sodium ions in blood
B) hypercalcemia, increased calcium ions in blood
C) hyponatremia, decreased sodium ions in blood
D) hypocalcemia, decreased calcium ions in blood

Question 16

Symptoms of encephalitis may include which of the following?

A) Symptoms of encephalitis always include coma.
B) Symptoms of encephalitis vary widely depending on the individual and degree of infection.
C) Symptoms of encephalitis always include aphasia.
D) Symptoms of encephalitis always include hemiparesis.

Question 17

What is the most common cause of sporadic nonepidemic encephalitis in the United States?

A) measles
B) mumps
C) herpes simplex
D) rubella

Question 18

West Nile virus initially replicates in which type of cell?

A) microglia
B) dendritic cell
C) astrocytes
D) oligodendrocyte

Question 19

Which of the following bacteria would most likely cause bacterial meningitis in the adult and geriatric populations?

A)E. coli
B) Group B streptococcus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Listeria monocytogenes

Question 20

Which of the following types of encephalitis has the best prognosis with adequate treatment?

A) Western equine encephalitis
B) California encephalitis
C) Venezuela equine encephalitis
D) West Nile virus