Deck 20: Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Question 1

What is the most common type of dementia?

A) Pick's disease
B) Lewy body dementia
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) frontotemporal dementia

Answer 1

Alzheimer's disease

Question 2

Which medication used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease acts on nicotine receptors?

A) donepezil
B) rivastigmine
C) galantamine
D) tacrine

Answer 2

galantamine

Question 3

A patient with dystonia presents to the physician for a Botox injection.Where will the physician most likely inject the Botox?

A) in the affected muscle
B) in the synergistic muscle
C) in the contralateral muscle
D) in the hip

Answer 3

in the affected muscle

Question 4

The physical therapist assistant (PTA)begins treatment on a patient diagnosed with PD.The patient informs the therapist that he has a thalamic stimulator to help control his PD.What symptom of PD will best be controlled with the thalamic stimulator?

A) festinating gait
B) dyskinesia
C) rigidity
D) tremor

Question 5

What is the most common initial manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD)?

A) rigidity
B) bradykinesia
C) tremor
D) festinating gait

Question 6

Which of the following is associated with an improved prognosis of MS?

A) motor and cerebellar symptoms
B) disability after the first attack
C) short time interval between attacks
D) sensory symptoms

Question 7

Huntington's disease (HD)is characterized by an atrophy of what part of the brain?

A) hippocampus
B) basal ganglia
C) thalamus
D) hypothalamus

Question 8

What cranial nerve is involved with tic douloureux?

A) trigeminal
B) optic
C) olfactory
D) spinal accessory

Question 9

Which of the following symptoms of ALS are considered signs of lower motor neuron involvement?

A) lack of dexterity
B) spasticity
C) decreased movement of the tongue
D) positive Babinski's response

Question 10

A physician suspects Alzheimer's disease in a patient.He decides to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and computed tomography (CT)scans to help confirm this diagnosis.What part of the brain will be measured to aid in this diagnosis?

A) frontal lobe
B) Broca's area
C) medial temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Question 11

Which of the following symptoms is indicative of late stage HD?

A) normal muscle strength
B) day time sleeping and night time restlessness
C) mild dysarthria
D) minor choreic movements

Question 12

What is the most physically devastating of neurodegenerative diseases?

A) myasthenia gravis
B) cerebral palsy
C) muscular dystrophy
D) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 13

What type of multiple sclerosis (MS)describes an initial pattern of relapse and remission and changes into a steadily progressive pattern over time?

A) relapsing/remitting MS
B) secondary progressive MS
C) primary progressive MS
D) progressive relapsing MS

Question 14

Which of the following would be an effective intervention strategy for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease?

A) exercise outdoors
B) use several different therapists in the patient's exercise session
C) multiple exercises with each session
D) short, simple, repetitive exercises

Question 15

Which of the following functions will remain normal throughout the course of ALS?

A) bowel and bladder function
B) speech
C) dexterity
D) proprioception

Question 16

Which of the following is a false statement regarding diagnostic criteria for ALS?

A) unstable motor units present
B) low amplitude polyphasic motor unit potential
C) denervation atrophy on muscle biopsy
D) abnormal cerebrospinal fluid

Question 17

What is the single most common and disabling symptom of MS?

A) visual disturbances
B) fatigue
C) sensory changes
D) muscular rigidity

Question 18

At what stage of ALS would a patient begin to use adaptive equipment to facilitate activities of daily living (ADLs)?

A) stage I
B) stage II
C) stage III
D) stage IV

Question 19

Loss of which neurotransmitter activity in the brain correlates to the severity of Alzheimer's disease?

A) glutamate
B) serotonin
C) norepinephrine
D) acetylcholine

Question 20

Which of the following is considered a sign of dementia rather than a normal sign of aging?

A) periodic minor memory lapses
B) unpredictable mood changes
C) increasingly cautious behavior
D) normal sense of smell