Deck 3: Crises of the Seventeenth Century

Question 1

What new scientific methods did Galileo use to disprove some of Aristotle's ideas?

A) mathematics and logic
B) religious belief
C) observation and experimentation
D) deductive reasoning

Answer 1

observation and experimentation

Question 2

How did Galileo become interested in astronomy?

A) his interest in tides
B) his interest in the habitation of God
C) his interest in astronomy
D) his interest in disproving religion

Answer 2

his interest in tides

Question 3

What did Galileo provide that no astronomer before him had?

A) mathematical proof
B) a spaceship
C) the theory of heliocentrism
D) empirical evidence

Answer 3

empirical evidence

Question 4

What development made the discoveries of the scientific revolution more accessible?

A) modern telecommunications
B) print culture
C) the Protestant Reformation
D) absolute monarchies

Question 5

What was the new, scientific view of the world developed by the Scientific Revolution?

A) it is animistic
B) it was made by God
C) it doesn't exist
D) it functions like a machine

Question 6

Francis Bacon was particularly interested in

A) technology
B) mathematics
C) computers
D) religion

Question 7

Descartes insisted on certainty in proving new ideas, based in

A) observation
B) religion
C) mathematics
D) experimentation

Question 8

Isaac Newton used mathematics to prove the

A) theory of gravity
B) heliocentric theory
C) theory of relativity
D) theory of electricity

Question 9

Enlightenment philosophers transferred the methods of science to the study of

A) geography
B) people and society
C) astronomy
D) industry

Question 10

John Locke believed that the human mind was a blank slate at birth, meaning that

A) they learn from experiences
B) they learn only from religion
C) their ideas are innate
D) they have finite intelligence

Question 11

Adam Smith's solution to the dehumanizing nature of division of labor was

A) to limit division of labor
B) free public education
C) not to care
D) a return to primitive society

Question 12

Rousseau believed that civilization

A) was necessary for freedom
B) was natural and desirable
C) benefited mankind
D) limited freedom and independence

Question 13

Voltaire criticized Christianity for creating

A) religious warfare
B) religious tolerance
C) bad Christians
D) bad science

Question 14

Montesquieu developed the idea of a constitutional monarchy based in

A) divine right
B) Christian morality
C) checks and balances
D) atheism

Question 15

Most Enlightenment philosophers believed that women

A) were equal to men
B) were naturally enlightened
C) should work for a living
D) were naturally inferior