Deck 1: Act-Compass-Esl-Practice-Test

Question 1

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
In paragraph 1, why does the author include the information that "new speakers" have been observed using Galician?

A)To explain why "new speakers" use Galician.
B)To support the claim that Galician is the native language of Galicia.
C)To show that there is little to no research done on "new speakers".
D)To provide evidence that Galician is being spoken more and more.

Answer 1

To provide evidence that Galician is being spoken more and more.

Question 2

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The bombing of Pearl Harbor
B)was a historical event;
C)one hundred years from now
D)it will still be remembered.

Answer 2

was a historical event;

Question 3

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The students were confused
B)because Eliot had made so
C)many illusions in his poem
D)that they could not understand it.

Answer 3

many illusions in his poem

Question 4

Which course of action most improves the following sentence?
I didn't get to go to the museum before the Van Gogh exhibit left town.

A)Fix subject/verb agreement.
B)Fix the misplaced modifier.
C)Capitalize museum.
D)Change "didn't get to go" to "did not go."

Question 5

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
According to the passage, who is required to cast one vote for both President and Vice President?

A)Congress.
B)The American people.
C)The elector.
D)The presidential candidates.

Question 6

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
According to the author, which of the following was not an opinion of the challengers of SB 1070?

A)The law forces officers to discriminate
B)The law does not use race as a basis for investigations
C)The law forces police to racially profile
D)Both B and C

Question 7

Which course of action most improves the following sentence?
The tie which I wanted to wear to the meeting had to be replaced when I spilled mustard on it.

A)Fix the misplaced modifier.
B)Insert a comma after replaced.
C)Change which to that.
D)Turn it into two sentences.

Question 8

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The mediator used some
B)light humor to try to
C)diffuse the situation,
D)but the tension remained.

Question 9

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
According to the passage, all of the following statements are false EXCEPT:

A)Advocates of the law approve that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
B)The term "lawful contact" refers to arresting someone that the officer believes is an illegal immigrant.
C)Passage of the modified version of the law has motivated other states to consider effecting similar immigration laws.
D)Arizona SB 1070 is also known as "The Supply Our Law Enforcement with Safe Neighborhoods Act".

Question 10

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The marksman was extremely accurate;
B)he missed the mark by three inches
C)to the top left each time
D)that he took a shot.

Question 11

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
The word "legislation", bolded after the (1) in the first paragraph, is close in meaning to ALL of the following words EXCEPT

A)Regulation
B)Act
C)Law
D)Transgression

Question 12

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
Which of following is true according to the passage?

A)There are no opponents of the SB 1070.
B)SB 1070 caused controversy in Europe.
C)SB 1070 was modified to address some concerns.
D)Arizona is the only state that has proposed such a law as SB 1070.

Question 13

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
Based on the information in the passage, which of the following could be a synonym of the term "provoked", bolded after the (5) in the third paragraph?

A)Placated
B)Aroused
C)Sparked
D)Both B and C

Question 14

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
The government has requested loans to help their banks, but the government has not been able to repay the money.

A)the government
B)they
C)it
D)its

Question 15

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
Many tourists fear terrorism and of being targeted by religious political parties.

A)of being targeted
B)of targets
C)agendas
D)attacks

Question 16

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
The crisis between the United States and North Vietnam intensified when North Vietnam attacked the U.S.S. Maddox off the coast of North Vietnam.

A)The crisis between the United States and North Vietnam intensified when North Vietnam attacked the U.S.S. Maddox off the coast of North Vietnam.
B)The crisis between the United States, and North Vietnam intensified when it attacked the U.S.S. Maddox off the coast of North Vietnam.
C)The crisis intensified when North Vietnam attacked the U.S.S. Maddox off its coast.
D)The crisis grew after the United States and North Vietnam attacked the U.S.S. Maddox off the coast of North Vietnam.

Question 17

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
After the division of Vietnam, the United States supports South Vietnam.

A)supports
B)supported
C)support
D)will support

Question 18

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
According to paragraphs 2 and 3, all of the following statements are true of Galician EXCEPT:

A)Galician is the native language of Galicia.
B)Galician is the co-official language of Spain.
C)Galician is mainly employed by rural inhabitants of Galicia.
D)Galician is the minority language of Vigo, Ourense and A Coruña.

Question 19

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
The first war between India and Pakistan began in 1947 and continued until 1949, when the United Nations stepped in and broker a ceasefire.

A)broker
B)brokers
C)brokering
D)brokered

Question 20

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
Which of the following is false according to the passage?

A)Presidential candidates are not elected by popular vote.
B)The Electoral College was established to promote fairness.
C)The President chooses electors from the Electoral College.
D)Both A and B.

Question 21

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)She kept the exact recipe for
B)her award-winning chili a secret:
C)no one would believe that she
D)intentionally burned the meat.

Question 22

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The interview was stressful; but
B)John kept his cool throughout
C)and felt good about his chances of
D)landing a new job.

Question 23

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
Recently, the new government ordered banks to set aside money for troubled, property, development loans because of the mortgage crisis and recession.

A)troubled, property, development loans
B)troubled property, development loans
C)troubled property development loans
D)troubled property development, loans

Question 24

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
According to the passage, why do opponents of Arizona SB 1070 want to have the law banned?

A)Because according to them the law goes against human rights.
B)Because according to them Europeans are discriminated against under the law.
C)Because according to them Latinos are discriminated against under the law.
D)Because according to them the law forces officers to investigate immigration status.

Question 25

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
The word "heritage", in bold after the (2) in the first paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Spanish
B)Related to a foreign language
C)Related to cultural history
D)Related to official language

Question 26

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
What is the main idea of this essay?

A)Galician is the autochthonous, or native, language of Galicia.
B)Galician has seen an increase in its number of speakers.
C)Spanish is being spoken less by some speakers in Galicia.
D)Galicia is a region in northwestern Spain where Galician is spoken.

Question 27

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
Based on the information in the passage, which of the following is a synonym (having the same or nearly same meaning) of the term "constituents", bolded after the (4) in the third paragraph?

A)Members
B)Entities
C)Components
D)All of the above

Question 28

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
World leaders stepped in and the United States intervened, which leading both countries to withdraw to their previous positions.

A)which leading
B)that leading
C)leading
D)and leading

Question 29

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)Including all the teachers in the
B)workshop ensure that everyone
C)is on the same page when the
D)new school year starts.

Question 30

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
The word "inhabitants", in bold after the (3) in paragraph 2, is closest in meaning to

A)People with bad habits
B)People that live in rural areas
C)People that reside in a particular area
D)People that have grown up in urban areas

Question 31

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
In total there have been four wars between the two countries.

A)In total there have been four wars between the two countries.
B)In total, there have been four wars, between the two countries.
C)In total, there have been four wars between the two countries.
D)In total; there have been four wars between the two countries.

Question 32

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)The artichoke dip was the
B)hit of the party, some people
C)wondered how much butter
D)had been mixed into it.

Question 33

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
According to the passage, why was the Electoral College established in the first place?

A)To promote fairness for rural citizens who didn't know about candidates.
B)To support Democrat presidential candidates.
C)To vote along party lines.
D)Both A and B.

Question 34

Which section of the following passage needs to be edited for incorrect spelling, incorrect grammar, inappropriate word choice or wordiness?

A)Stewart was worried that him
B)getting suspended would
C)permanently mar his record
D)and keep him out of Yale.

Question 35

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
According to context, the word "party", bolded after the (2) in the first paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Affair
B)Bloc
C)Event
D)None of the above

Question 36

Choose the answer which best rewords the italicized portion. If you think the original wording is best, choose option A.
Because of the preemptive strike, Japan was able to carry out its plans for Southwest Asia and the Indonesian Archipelago.

A)Because of the preemptive strike,
B)And the preemptive strike,
C)The preemptive strike
D)The strike was preemptive

Question 37

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
The word "office", bolded after the (5) in the fourth paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Service
B)Branch
C)Agency
D)Department

Question 38

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
The word "advent", bolded after the (3) in paragraph 2, is synonymous with

A)Disappearance
B)Appearance
C)Fading
D)Farewell

Question 39

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
The word "popular", bolded after the (1) in paragraph 1, can best be described as

A)Enjoying widespread approval
B)Accepted by most people
C)Held by a majority of the people
D)None of the above

Question 40

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
The word "ban", bolded after the (4) in the second paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Prohibit
B)Allow
C)Help
D)Ratify

Question 41

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
The word "dishes", bolded after the (1) in paragraph 2, can best be defined as

A)Vessels for/on which food is served
B)Instruments used to connect to satellites
C)Places to store potatoes
D)Food prepared in a certain way

Question 42

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
According to the author, which of the following was not a use of cacao?

A)As an ingredient in sauces
B)As a monetary tool
C)As an ingredient in chili power
D)As an ingredient in beverages

Question 43

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
The word "course", bolded after the (5) in paragraph 4, can best be described as

A)Class
B)Meal
C)Path
D)Racetrack

Question 44

The Electoral College of the U.S. Did you know that the President and the Vice President aren't elected by (1) popular vote in the U.S.? Essentially, every four years, it isn't the American people who elect the rulers of our nation. Instead, when a registered voter casts his or her vote for President and Vice President, he or she also votes for an unknown "elector", or voting member, who will cast a ballot in a separate election that ultimately will choose the president. Thus, by voting for a Democrat presidential candidate, for example, a voter is really voting for a member of the Electoral College who is expected--but not required--to vote along (2) party lines, too.
You might be thinking, "Then, why do we vote?" Historically, before the (3) advent of television and radio, the Electoral College was established to avoid unfairness. People who lived in bigger cities, where there tends to be a more concentrated, greater population, had more of an advantage of knowing about the candidates compared to those who lived in more rural, secluded areas.
The electors, which are chosen by popular vote, are divided up among each state and the District of Columbia. The amount of voting members in each state is equal to the number of members of Congress. In total, there are 538 electors: 435 representatives and 100 senators, plus the three (4) constituents from the District of Columbia.
In almost every state electors are selected on a "winner-take-all" basis. To be more precise, the candidate for elector that wins the most votes in a state becomes elector for that state. During an election, each elector is required to cast one vote for President and another vote for Vice President. The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes (270 out of 538) for the offices of President or Vice President is elected to that (5) office.
According to the passage, all of the following statements are false EXCEPT:

A)The candidate for elector that wins the most votes becomes President.
B)The District of Columbia is not represented in the Electoral College.
C)In the past urban populations had more of a voting advantage over rural inhabitants.
D)Electors are required to vote along party lines.

Question 45

Immigration Laws in the U.S. The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act" is a law that was introduced in the state of Arizona in 2010. This law is similar to the existing federal (1) legislation that requires all aliens, or U.S. non-citizens, over 14 years old, who stay in the U.S. for more than 30 days, to register with the U.S. government. An (2) alien must also carry his/her registration documents with him/her at all times. In addition to the existing federal law, Arizona made it a requirement that its state's law enforcement officers make an attempt to identify an individual's immigration status during detention, arrest, or a "lawful contact". The term "lawful contact" refers to an officer's obligation to approach someone that he or she believes is an illegal immigrant.
The "Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act", also known as Arizona Senate Bill (SB) 1070, has caused national and international (3) controversy on the topic of immigration, and especially illegal immigration from south of the U.S. border. Opponents believe that the law forces officers to racially profile people, or judge them based on whether or not they look Latino. Challengers of this law want to (4) ban it, because they believe it forces policemen and policewomen to racially discriminate against people who are not from a European or African background. However, advocates of the law deny that it allows the use of race as the exclusive basis for investigating immigration status.
The law has since been modified with the goal of addressing some of the concerns of the opponents. However, despite the protests in opposition to the law from around the country, polling has shown that there is an overall support for the law in Arizona and in other states. And passage of the modified version of the law has (5) provoked other states to consider implementing similar immigration laws.
Which of the following is false according to the passage?

A)Arizona SB 1070 is similar to the already existing federal law.
B)Arizona SB 1070 got international attention.
C)Arizona SB 1070 was eliminated in an attempt to appease the opponents.
D)Opponents believe that Arizona SB 1070 forces police officer to discriminate.

Question 46

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
Based on the information in the passage, how would you best describe the term "colonists", bolded after the (2) in the second paragraph?

A)People that live in Europe
B)People that settle in a new country
C)People that travel in ships
D)People that come from Spain

Question 47

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
Which of following is true according to the passage?

A)There would be no popcorn in the theaters if it weren't for the Europeans who brought corn to the New World.
B)Potatoes were by the Italians to adorn their homes.
C)Dehydration was a process used to store foods by the Incans.
D)Tomatoes were poisonous to Europeans.

Question 48

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
Based on the information in the passage, how would you best describe the generic term "new speakers", in bold after the (1) in the first paragraph?

A)People who were just born.
B)People who grew up speaking a language, but didn't study it in school.
C)People who speak a foreign language that they are learning in school for the first time.
D)People who study/studied their heritage language in school, but didn't grow up speaking it.

Question 49

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
Which of following is true according to the passage?

A)Some linguists consider Galician to be more closely related to Portuguese than Spanish.
B)Spanish is the least commonly spoken language in Galicia.
C)Urban youth typically speak Galician.
D)"New speakers" show a rising trend toward the use of Spanish instead of Galician.

Question 50

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
The phrase "instead of", in bold after the (5) in paragraph 3, is closest in meaning to

A)In the place of
B)With respect to
C)Along with
D)Around the time of

Question 51

The Galician Language and Its Revitalization
Ever since the implementation of Galician as the primary language in the public school of Galicia in the early 1980's, there has been an increase in number of speakers of this language. Observers have seen (1) "new speakers" use Galician, their (2) heritage language, during protests, theatrical skits, and other public events. However, more anthropological research needs to be done on how else the Galician language is being used by these so-called "new speakers".
Galician-or galego(gah-lay-goh)-is the autochthonous, or native, language of the northwestern region of Spain known as Galicia. It is a language closely related to both Spanish and Portuguese-although it has closer linguistic ties to Portuguese when it is observed under the microscope of some linguists-and is spoken mainly by people who live in rural areas of the region. Although Galician is the co-official language of Galicia, Spanish is spoken by a higher number of (3) inhabitants since it is the language of the Spanish nation and the majority language in the (4) urban areas of Galicia, such as Vigo, Ourense, and A Coruña.
Although Spanish is the most commonly spoken language in Galicia (due to a larger urban rather than rural population), there is a new movement for urban youth toward adopting the language, and in some cases employing it in their every-day conversations (5) instead of Spanish. Because these urban youth typically have spoken mainly Spanish but have come to rely more and more on the use of Galician, they have been termed "new speakers". It is thanks to these "new speakers" that Galician has recently enjoyed a growth in the number of people who choose to employ it in their daily lives rather than Spanish.
According to the passage, further research is needed on the other uses of the Galician language by newer speakers…

A)…Since it is closely related to Spanish and Portuguese.
B)…In so far as it is the co-official language of Galicia.
C)… Because it is understood that there is a lack of anthropological studies on the topic.
D)…Due to the fact that a higher number of inhabitants speak it in rural areas than its counterpart, Spanish.

Question 52

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
In paragraph 1, why does the author ask the reader to imagine the world without tomatoes, potatoes, corn, or cacao?

A)To explain how the European exploration of the New World was necessary for us to have those products today.
B)To support the claim that tomatoes are essential for tomato soup.
C)To provide evidence that Europe introduced these fruits and vegetables to the New World.
D)To show that neither chocolate nor popcorn would be sold at theaters.

Question 53

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
The word "staple", bolded after the (3) in the third paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Fastener
B)Principle
C)Unnecessary
D)Recreational

Question 54

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
Which of the following is false according to the passage?

A)Tomatoes were used as a centerpiece by Europeans.
B)Corn was used in the Americas before the Spanish colonists arrived.
C)Many fruits and vegetables that we use today have their origin in the New World.
D)Potatoes were a staple for the Mexican ancient civilizations.

Question 55

The History of Foods from the New World Imagine tomato soup without tomatoes or chili cheese fries without potatoes. Now, think about going to the movie theater to see a Hollywood feature, but neither popcorn nor chocolate are sold at the refreshment stand. What a flavorless world! Many of the most popular foods in the world have essential ingredients that have their origin in what is known as the New World. These fruits and vegetables weren't introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
The tomato, for example, was used as an ornamental plant when it arrived for the first time in Europe, because it was thought to be poisonous. Its earliest use in a recipe was published in Italy in the late-17th century. However tomatoes and corn were already the base for (1) dishes across Latin America for many centuries by the time the Spanish (2) colonists arrived there in the late-15th century.
The potato was a (3) staple food for the Incans, who inhabited the Andes region of South America. They (4) dehydrated potatoes to stockpile food supplies. Cacao (the plant that is used to make chocolate) was very important for the Aztecs and the Mayans who lived in what is now known as Mexico. The cacao plant's seeds were used as money and as a key ingredient in diverse sauces. They also ground up the seeds to make a drink in which they mixed hot water and chili powder. This is similar to our hot chocolate but unsweetened and with a bite.
Avocadoes, guava fruit, papayas, pineapples, and passion fruit (also known as maracuyá in Spanish) are some other examples of fruits that come from the Americas, and that today are known throughout the world. So, the next time you sit down at the table to eat your spaghetti, remember the (5) course the tomatoes in your sauce might have taken, from decorative centerpiece to your plate.
The word "dehydrate", bolded after the (4) in the third paragraph, is closest in meaning to

A)Reconstitute
B)Cure
C)Dry
D)Ferment