Deck 4: Act-Science

Question 1

What type of rock can be formed by the plates of the earth's crust pushing against each other?

A)Igneous rock
B)Sedimentary rock
C)Metamorphic rock
D)Glass

Answer 1

Metamorphic rock

Question 2

What is the term used to describe the type of response elicited by an organism's heredity and experiences?

A)Behavioral response
B)Cognitive response
C)No response
D)External response

Answer 2

Behavioral response

Question 3

What is the voltage across the terminals of a 23 ? resistor that has 0.065 A of current flowing through it?

A)0.0028 V
B)0.097 V
C)1.5 V
D)350 V

Answer 3

1.5 V

Question 4

Which of the following conditions could possibly be corrected by gene therapy?

A)Cystic fibrosis
B)Asthma
C)Tetanus
D)Rabies

Question 5

The source of a sound is moving away from an observer who is standing still. How do the sound waves received by the observer compare with those emitted by the source?

A)They are heard as having a greater velocity.
B)They are heard as having a higher frequency.
C)They are heard as having a lower frequency.
D)They are heard as having a smaller wavelength.

Question 6

Which of the following is the best conductor of electricity?

A)Rubber
B)Wood
C)Metal
D)Plastic

Question 7

Which of the following are unique to only plant cells?

A)A cell wall
B)A nucleus
C)Cytoplasm
D)Membrane

Question 8

A toy cart that has a weight of 10 N moves with a constant velocity of 2 m/s to the right on a horizontal table. According to Newton's laws of motion, which of the following statements is correct?

A)The table exerts a force of 10 N upward on the toy cart.
B)The toy cart exerts a force of 10 N upward on the table.
C)The toy cart exerts a force of 2 N downward on the table.
D)The table exerts a force of 2 N to the right on the toy cart.

Question 9

If a human were to drink salt water, which of the following would result?

A)It would be just like drinking tap water. They would be hydrated.
B)They would have buoyancy in the water.
C)They would become dehydrated.
D)None of the above

Question 10

How many chromosomes do most healthy humans have?

A)23
B)46
C)26
D)43

Question 11

Which of the following is designed to produce an electromagnetic wave?

A)Elastic cords
B)Laser pointers
C)Metal springs
D)Ripple tanks

Question 12

A star suddenly explodes. Which of the following types of waves reach Earth's surface?

A)Light waves
B)Sound waves
C)Sound waves followed by light waves
D)Light waves followed by sound waves

Question 13

Approximately how many years ago was the earth formed?

A)4.5 billion years ago
B)2.5 billion years ago
C)4.5 million years ago
D)2.5 million years ago

Question 14

What is the title for a person who advises on matters of food and the nutritional impact it has on health?

A)A medical doctor
B)A physical therapist
C)A nutritionist
D)A food scientist

Question 15

Which of the following statements best explains why there is no change in temperature once thermal equilibrium between two objects in contact is reached?

A)Heat can flow between two objects in contact.
B)Heat does not flow between objects in contact at the same temperature.
C)Heat does not flow spontaneously from a cooler object to a warmer object.
D)Heat flows by conduction, convection, and radiation when the temperatures are the same.

Question 16

When the moon appears to be dark in a clear sky, it is at which stage?

A)Full moon
B)Waxing moon
C)Waning crescent
D)New moon

Question 17

A car with its horn sounding approaches a group of students. Assume the car's horn produces sound waves with a constant frequency. Which of the following statements best explains why the students hear a higher pitch as the car approaches than when it is stopped?

A)The sound waves increase in speed as the car approaches the students.
B)The sound waves decrease in speed as the car approaches the students.
C)The sound waves are heard at a lower frequency as the car approaches the students.
D)The sound waves are heard at a higher frequency as the car approaches the students.

Question 18

In regard to genetics, which of the following would describe a poodle whose parents were both 100% poodle?

A)A miniature poodle
B)A standard poodle
C)A hybrid
D)A purebred

Question 19

A large container of cold water is moved from a refrigerator to a table. A hot piece of metal is placed into the water. Which of the following best describes the final temperature of the metal?

A)higher than the final temperature of the water
B)the same as the final temperature of the water
C)lower than the initial temperature of the water
D)the same as the initial temperature of the water

Question 20

What happens when an element moves from one physical state to another?

A)Its chemical state changes.
B)Its chemical state remains the same.
C)Its molecular state changes.
D)It gets a new symbol on the periodic table.

Question 21

A student touches a metal sink with her finger and notices that her finger feels cold. Which of the following statements explains this observation?

A)Heat energy flows from the student's finger to the metal sink.
B)Heat energy flows from the metal sink to the student's finger.
C)The student's finger was originally at the same temperature as the sink.
D)The student's finger was originally at a lower temperature than the sink.

Question 22

In an electromagnetic wave, an electric field exists perpendicular to a magnetic field, and both fields are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. These characteristics indicate that an electromagnetic wave is which of the following wave types?

A)Gravitational
B)Longitudinal
C)Mechanical
D)Transverse

Question 23

If heat is added to a liquid, which of the following occurs?

A)The friction in the liquid increases.
B)The size of the liquid molecules expands.
C)The potential energy of the liquid changes.
D)The molecular motion in the liquid increases.

Question 24

What metabolic pathway converts glucose into pyruvate?

A)Hydrolysis
B)Glucogenesis
C)Glycolysis
D)Glycogenesis
E)Glycogenolysis

Question 25

A species undergoes alpha emission to form ²³⁴Fr. What is this species?

A)²³?Ra
B)²³?Rn
C)²³?Rn
D)²³?Ac
E)²³?Ac

Question 26

A magnetic compass is placed near an insulated copper wire. When the wire is connected to a battery, the compass needle changes position.Which of the following is the bestexplanation for the movement of the needle?

A)The copper wire magnetizes the needle to create a force.
B)The needle magnetizes the copper wire to create a force.
C)The current in the wire produces a magnetic field and exerts a force on the needle.
D)The insulation on the wire becomes energized and exerts a force on the needle.

Question 27

A heavy box is at rest on an inclined plane. The box begins to slide down the inclined plane when a small force is applied to the box. The force is removed as soon as the box begins to slide. The speed of the box increases as the box slides down the inclined plane.Which of the following is the most likely cause of this increasing speed?

A)The force of gravity on the box is less when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
B)The force of gravity on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
C)The force of friction on the box is less when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
D)The force of friction on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.

Question 28

During what stage of embryonic development does organ differentiation occur?

A)Morula
B)Zygote
C)Fetus
D)Blastula
E)Gastrula

Question 29

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is false?

A)Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a waste product.
B)The dark reaction does not require sunlight.
C)Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast.
D)Sunlight needed for photosynthesis is stored in pigments such as chlorophyll.
E)Photosynthesis results in the production of carbon dioxide.

Question 30

A person is using a force of 200 N to push a box. How much power does the person need to push the box a distance of 4 m in 10 s?

A)40 W
B)80 W
C)200 W
D)500 W

Question 31

What is the function of the myelin sheath that surrounds neurons?

A)Increase speed of impulses
B)Maintain polarization
C)Decrease friction
D)Control growth of neurons
E)Oxygen exchange

Question 32

The half-life of 32 grams of a radioactive substance is 6.5 hours. How many grams of the substance remain after 19.5 hours?

A)16 grams
B)8 grams
C)4 grams
D)2 grams
E)32 grams

Question 33

What term classifies a phase change from a solid directly to a gas?

A)Vaporization
B)Deposition
C)Effervesence
D)Fusion
E)Sublimation

Question 34

Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity?

A)A student walks 2.0 km north.
B)An object has a mass of 10.5 kg.
C)A 1.0 kg object moves at 18 m/s.
D)A ball has an instantaneous speed of 15 m/s.

Question 35

Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are examples of electromagnetic waves that always differ from each other in:

A)Amplitude
B)Intensity
C)Temperature
D)Wavelength

Question 36

The distance of the star Vega from Earth is 1.6 million times greater than the distance of the Sun from Earth. Which of the following best describes the gravitational influence of Vega on Earth?

A)It is roughly equal to that of the Sun.
B)Its influence is greater than that of the Sun.
C)Its influence is small because of its distance.
D)It influences the magnitude of Earth's mass.

Question 37

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for hydrobromic acid?

A)HBrO
B)HBr
C)H?Br
D)H?OBr
E)H?O?Br

Question 38

A boat tied to a dock is stationary. Water waves constantly pass by the boat. The crests of the waves are 3 m apart and a crest passes the front of the boat every 4 s.What is the velocity of the waves?

A)0.75 m/s
B)1.33 m/s
C)3 m/s
D)12 m/s

Question 39

Which of the following elements is most easily oxidized?

A)Nitrogen
B)Fluorine
C)Lithium
D)Neon
E)Sulfur

Question 40

People perceive sound differently in air than they do under water. Which of the following correctly compares the motion of sound waves in air and in water?

A)Sound waves travel faster in air than in water.
B)Sound waves travel slower in air than in water.
C)Sound waves travel in air but do not travel in water.
D)Sound waves travel at the same speed in air and in water.

Question 41

Which of the following is not a property of water?

A)High surface tension
B)Hydrophilic
C)Good solvent
D)Density as a solid is higher than its density as a liquid
E)Naturally occurs in all three states of matter

Question 42

A hockey player swings her hockey stick and strikes a puck. According to Newton's third law of motion, which of the following is a reaction to the stick pushing on the puck?

A)the puck pushing on the stick
B)the stick pushing on the player
C)the player pushing on the stick
D)the puck pushing on the player

Question 43

In translation, the first codon always codes for what amino acid?

A)Alanine
B)Valine
C)Proline
D)Tryptophan
E)Methionine

Question 44

The power of a toaster can be determined if which of the following values are known?

A)The dimensions of the toaster
B)The resistance of the toaster's insulation
C)The voltage applied to the toaster and the toaster's temperature
D)The current through the circuit and the voltage applied to the toaster

Question 45

Two identical beakers each contain 250 mL of water. The temperature of the water is 85°C in one beaker and 15°C in the other beaker. A drop of red food coloring is placed in each beaker at the same time. During the first minute, which of the following is most likely to happen?

A)The food coloring will spread out faster in the 85°C water than in the 15°C water.
B)The food coloring will form a layer at the top of each beaker since it does not mix with water
C)The food coloring will spread only halfway through the water in each beaker due to convection currents.
D)The food coloring will settle faster at the bottom of the beaker containing 85°C water than at the bottom of the beaker containing 15°C water.

Question 46

Which of the following families contains characteristically nonreactive elements?

A)Alkali metals
B)Alkaline earth metals
C)Halides
D)Halogens
E)Noble gases

Question 47

Which of the following species is classified as an electrolyte?

A)CH4
B)C6H12O6
C)N2
D)Na+
E)O?

Question 48

What is the most likely explanation for leaves wrapped in white construction paper having the lowest amount of chlorophyll?

A)White paper prevented sunlight from being absorbed by the leaves
B)White paper prevented carbon dioxide from being taken in by the leaves
C)White paper prevented oxygen from being released by the leaves
D)White paper prevented water from being released by the leaves
E)Black paper prevented heat from being absorbed by the leaves.

Question 49

A student adds drops of lemon juice to a red cabbage pigment. What color is the solution most likely to be? Here is the pigment table for red cabbage:
PH 1-2: Pink, Acid
PH 3-4: Dark Red, Acid
PH 5-6: Violet, Acid
PH 7-8: Blue, Neutral-Base
PH 9-10: Blue-Green, Base
PH 11-12: Green-Yellow, Base

A)Pink
B)Blue
C)Blue-green
D)Greenish yellow
E)Violet

Question 50

Which of the following statements about adaptive radiation is false?

A)Adaptive radiation is a rapid process.
B)Phenotypes adapt to the environment.
C)Adaptive radiation often occurs as the result of an organism arising in an environment with an undefined niche.
D)Adaptive radiation results in the creation of numerous species from a single lineage.
E)Adaptive radiation is not driven by natural selection.