Deck 3: Designing Research: Concepts, Hypotheses, and Measurement

Question 1

Define the following:
-validity

Answer 1

accuracy and whether the operationalization is correctly indicating what it's supposed to.

Question 2

Define the following:
-reliability

Answer 2

consistency; it is the expectation that there won't be different findings each time the measures are used, assuming that nothing has changed in what is being

Question 3

Define the following:
-hypothesis

Answer 3

untested statements that specify a relationship between two or more variables

Question 4

Define the following:
-operationalization

Question 5

Explain the difference between split-half reliability and test-retest reliability.

Question 6

Here are several hypotheses: first identify the independent and dependent variables. Then say which levels of measurement would likely be used for each variable:
-there is no relationship between type of TV shows respondents like (drama, reality show, sitcoms) and religion (Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Other)

Question 7

Here are several hypotheses: first identify the independent and dependent variables. Then say which levels of measurement would likely be used for each variable:
-there is no relationship between attitudes toward environmental laws (strongly agree to strongly disagree) and income category (lower, middle, upper)

Question 8

Here are several hypotheses: first identify the independent and dependent variables. Then say which levels of measurement would likely be used for each variable:
-there is a relationship between gender (male or female) and residential status (home owner or renter)

Question 9

Here are several hypotheses: first identify the independent and dependent variables. Then say which levels of measurement would likely be used for each variable:
-there is a relationship between years of schooling and income (in dollars).

Question 10

What is the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, ratio/interval) used in each of the following variables?
-Book bestseller top 10

Question 11

What is the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, ratio/interval) used in each of the following variables?
-number of movies seen last month

Question 12

What is the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, ratio/interval) used in each of the following variables?
-favorite foods

Question 13

What is the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, ratio/interval) used in each of the following variables?
-SAT scores

Question 14

For each of the following, identity the independent and dependent variables and say whether this is a one-tailed or two-tailed hypothesis:
-There is no relationship between birth order and number of times respondents eat in a restaurant per week.

Question 15

For each of the following, identity the independent and dependent variables and say whether this is a one-tailed or two-tailed hypothesis:
-There is a relationship between grade-point average and type of car driven respondents' favorite color.

Question 16

For each of the following, identity the independent and dependent variables and say whether this is a one-tailed or two-tailed hypothesis:
-Taller people tend to vote Independent more than vote Republican or Democrat.