Deck 15: Respiratory System

Question 1

The removal of the pharyngeal tonsils is called a tonsillectomy.

Answer 1

False
Pharyngeal tonsils are the adenoids,removal is adenoidectomy.

Question 2

The support for the tracheal wall comes from rings of fibrocartilage.

Answer 2

False
It is hyaline cartilage.

Question 3

Functions of the epithelium in the nasal cavity include all of the following EXCEPT

A) warm the air
B) filter the air
C) moisten the air
D) produce serous fluid

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The passageway that functions in both the respiratory and digestive systems is the

A) nasal cavity
B) pharynx
C) larynx
D) glottis
E) esophagus

Question 5

The movement of air through the conducting passages between the atmosphere and the lungs is called

A) ventilation
B) external respiration
C) transport of air
D) artificial respiration
E) internal respiration

Question 6

When the diaphragm contracts,the volume of the lungs increases,and the intraalveolar pressure decreases.

Question 7

Air enters the lungs when intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Question 8

The openings from the nasal cavity into the pharynx are called

A) external nares
B) nostrils
C) internal nares
D) fauces
E) nasal foramina

Question 9

Bony ridges that project medially into the nasal cavity from the lateral wall are called

A) hard palate
B) nasal conchae
C) perpendicular plates
D) nasal meatus
E) nasolacrimal ducts

Question 10

The largest cartilage of the larynx,commonly called the Adam's apple,is the

A) epiglottis
B) thyroid
C) cricoid
D) arytenoid
E) corniculate

Question 11

The right lung is shorter and wider than the left lung and has three lobes.

Question 12

The parietal pleura is closely adherent to the surface of the lungs.

Question 13

All of the following are part of the upper respiratory tract EXCEPT

A) nasal cavities
B) nasopharynx
C) trachea
D) oropharynx
E) larynx

Question 14

All of the following regions of the pharynx are correctly paired with a feature of that region EXCEPT

A) nasopharynx, pharyngeal tonsils
B) oropharynx, palatine tonsils
C) laryngopharynx, lingual tonsils
D) nasopharynx, auditory tube
E) oropharynx, fauces

Question 15

Increased carbon dioxide concentration favors oxygen unloading.

Question 16

Surfactant makes the inner surfaces of the alveoli tend to stick together.

Question 17

Active transport accounts for the exchange of air between the lungs and the blood.

Question 18

The organ that contains the vocal cords is the

A) pharynx
B) esophagus
C) glottis
D) larynx
E) epiglottis

Question 19

External respiration is the

A) breathing of air from the atmosphere
B) exchange of gases between the alveoli and blood
C) mixing of gases in the upper respiratory tract
D) incorporation of air through the skin
E) breathing of air through the mouth

Question 20

Inspiratory capacity is greater than vital capacity.

Question 21

The rings that form the framework of the trachea are made of

A) stratified squamous epithelium
B) cancellous bone
C) fibrocartilage
D) hyaline cartilage
E) dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 22

The trachea branches to form air passages called the

A) bronchioles
B) lobar bronchi
C) alveolar ducts
D) primary bronchi
E) tracheal bronchi

Question 23

Generally speaking,lung volume is _____ in women than in men and _____ in slender people than in obese people.

A) greater; greater
B) greater; less
C) less; greater
D) less; less

Question 24

The collapse of alveoli during expiration is prevented by the

A) positive pressure in the pleural cavity
B) elastic recoil of the alveoli
C) thin film of serous fluid that lines the alveoli for lubrication
D) thin film of surfactant that lines the alveoli
E) cartilage that holds the alveoli open

Question 25

Intrapleural pressure is the pressure of the air in the

A) atmosphere
B) space between the visceral and parietal pleurae
C) alveoli of the lungs
D) upper respiratory passages
E) lower respiratory passages

Question 26

The type of tissue in the alveoli is

A) simple squamous epithelium
B) stratified squamous epithelium
C) loose connective tissue
D) pseudostratified columnar epithelium
E) areolar connective tissue

Question 27

The mucous membrane that lines the trachea has

A) cilia and goblet cells
B) goblet cells and flagella
C) cilia and serous cells
D) simple squamous epithelium and goblet cells
E) mucous cells and serous cells

Question 28

The pressure that normally is less than atmospheric pressure is the pressure in the

A) alveoli of the lungs
B) pleural cavity or space
C) nasal cavities
D) upper respiratory passages
E) lower respiratory passages

Question 29

Inspiration results because air pressure in the

A) pleural cavity is greater than that in the lungs
B) lungs is greater than that in the atmosphere
C) pleural cavity is greater than that in the atmosphere
D) lungs is less than that in the atmosphere
E) lungs is less than that in the pleural cavity

Question 30

The primary muscles used during inspiration are the

A) diaphragm and external intercostal
B) diaphragm and internal intercostal
C) external and internal intercostal
D) external intercostal and rectus abdominis
E) diaphragm and rectus abdominis

Question 31

When the diaphragm contracts,thoracic volume _____ and intrapulmonary pressure _____.

A) decreases; decreases
B) decreases; increases
C) increases; decreases
D) increases; increases
E) increases; remains constant

Question 32

Normal tidal volume is about _____ ml.

A) 500
B) 1200
C) 3100
D) 4600
E) 6000

Question 33

The volume of air that is exchanged during a normal quiet respiratory cycle is called

A) residual volume
B) vital capacity
C) tidal volume
D) inspiratory reserve volume
E) expiratory reserve volume

Question 34

Compared to the left lung,the right lung is

A) longer and wider and has three lobes
B) shorter and wider and has three lobes
C) longer and wider and has two lobes
D) shorter and wider and has two lobes
E) shorter and narrower and has two lobes

Question 35

Cigarette smoke and other air pollutants inhibit the _____ the trachea.

A) production of mucous in
B) production of serous fluid in
C) action of cilia in
D) flow of air through
E) bacterial action in

Question 36

The relaxation of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles results in a(n)

A) increase in lung volume, a decrease in air pressure within the lungs, and inspiration
B) decrease in lung volume, an increase in air pressure within the lungs, and expiration
C) decrease in lung volume, a decrease in air pressure within the lungs, and inspiration
D) increase in lung volume, an increase in air pressure within the lungs, and expiration
E) decrease in lung volume, an increase in air pressure within the lungs, and inspiration

Question 37

The ridge of hyaline cartilage that reinforces the region of bifurcation of the trachea is called the

A) uvula
B) carina
C) fauces
D) nares
E) hilum

Question 38

The visceral pleura is a

A) mucous membrane that is firmly attached to the surface of the lung
B) mucous membrane that lines the wall of the thorax
C) serous membrane that is firmly attached to the surface of the lung
D) serous membrane that lines the wall of the thorax
E) serous membrane that anchors the root of the lung at the hilum

Question 39

The movable cartilage that covers the opening into the larynx during swallowing is the

A) uvula
B) vestibular fold
C) glottis
D) soft palate
E) epiglottis

Question 40

Vital capacity equals

A) tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume
B) tidal volume + residual volume
C) inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume
D) tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume
E) inspiratory capacity + functional residual capacity

Question 41

All of the following influence the direction of the reactions involved in the transport of carbon dioxide EXCEPT

A) concentration of carbon dioxide
B) concentration of oxygen
C) pH
D) concentration of erythrocytes
E) temperature

Question 42

The two nerves that send stimulatory impulses to the respiratory muscles are the _____ nerves.

A) accessory and phrenic
B) phrenic and intercostal
C) diaphragmatic and intercostal
D) vagus and intercostal
E) vagus and phrenic

Question 43

When carbon dioxide combines with hemoglobin,the resulting molecule is called

A) oxyhemoglobin
B) deoxyhemoglobin
C) carboxyhemoglobin
D) carbaminohemoglobin

Question 44

The primary stimuli that cause the respiratory center to initiate inspiration are

A) decreases in both carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood
B) a decrease in carbon dioxide and an increase in hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood
C) increases in both carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood
D) an increase in carbon dioxide and a decrease in hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood
E) a decrease in oxygen concentration and a decrease in pH in the blood

Question 45

Layers through which gases must diffuse in external respiration include those listed below.What is the correct sequence of these layers for oxygen diffusion in external respiration?
1)basement membrane of capillary epithelium
2)epithelium of alveolar wall
3)interstitial space
4)thin layer of fluid lining the alveolus
5)basement membrane of alveolar epithelium
6)epithelium of capillary wall

A) 2, 5, 4, 3, 1, 6
B) 5, 2, 4, 3, 6, 1
C) 6, 1, 3, 5, 2, 1
D) 4, 2, 5, 3, 1, 6
E) 6, 1, 3, 4, 2, 5

Question 46

Breathing is controlled by the respiratory centers located in the

A) medulla oblongata and pons
B) midbrain and medulla oblongata
C) pons and midbrain
D) cerebrum and medulla oblongata
E) cerebellum and pons

Question 47

More oxygen combines with hemoglobin when there is _____ carbon dioxide,_____ pH,and _____ temperature

A) increased; increased; decreased
B) increased; decreased; increased
C) decreased; decreased; increased
D) decreased; increased; decreased
E) decreased; decreased; decreased

Question 48

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that speeds up the combination of

A) oxygen and water
B) oxygen and hemoglobin
C) carbon dioxide and water
D) carbon dioxide and hemoglobin

Question 49

The partial pressure of oxygen in container A is 40 mm Hg and the partial pressure of oxygen in container B is 25 mm Hg.Which of the following statements is true about the amount of oxygen that will dissolve in the liquid in these containers?

A) More oxygen will dissolve in container A than in container B.
B) More oxygen will dissolve in container B than in container A.
C) Since the gases are the same, the same amount will dissolve in both containers.
D) Oxygen will not dissolve in either container unless it is heated.

Question 50

If a mixture of gases has a total pressure of 200 mm Hg and it is 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen,then according to Dalton's law of partial pressures,the pressure due to oxygen is _____ mm Hg.

A) 20
B) 80
C) 160
D) 40
E) 200

Question 51

Unloading of oxygen is favored when there is _____ carbon dioxide and _____ pH.

A) increased; decreased
B) increased; increased
C) decreased; decreased
D) decreased; increased

Question 52

About 70% of the carbon dioxide is transported

A) as a dissolved gas in the plasma
B) attached to the surface of an erythrocyte
C) as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
D) combined with hemoglobin

Question 53

Most of the carbon dioxide molecules combine with water to form carbonic acid within the

A) leukocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) plasma
D) interstitial fluid
E) tissue cells

Question 54

All of the following are mechanisms of carbon dioxide transport in the blood EXCEPT

A) as a dissolved gas in the plasma
B) attached to the surface of an erythrocyte
C) as a bicarbonate ion in the plasma
D) combined with hemoglobin

Question 55

Surgical repair of the nose is

A) rhinorrhea
B) rhinoplasty
C) rhinectomy
D) rhinitis
E) rhinotomy

Question 56

When oxygen combines with hemoglobin,the resulting molecule is called

A) oxyhemoglobin
B) deoxyhemoglobin
C) carboxyhemoglobin
D) carbaminohemoglobin

Question 57

Internal respiration is the

A) exchange of gases between the alveoli and the atmosphere
B) exchange of gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries
C) exchange of gases between the tissue capillaries and tissue cells
D) transport of gases from the lungs to the tissues
E) transport of gases from the tissues to the lungs

Question 58

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion of a given gas across the respiratory membrane include all of the following EXCEPT

A) surface area of the membrane
B) thickness of the membrane
C) solubility of the gas
D) difference in partial pressures of the gas on the two sides of the membrane
E) partial pressure of other gases that may be present

Question 59

About 97% of the oxygen is transported by the blood

A) as a gas dissolved in the plasma
B) combined with hemoglobin molecules
C) combined with bicarbonate ions
D) attached to the surface of erythrocytes

Question 60

Anthracosis is

A) a condition caused by inhaling coal dust
B) a dilation of the bronchi
C) the process of voice production
D) the surgical removal of a lung
E) the lack of breathing

Question 61

What is the term for the laryngeal cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing?

Question 62

What is the term for the bony ridges that project medially from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Question 63

What is the term for the type of epithelium in the respiratory membrane?

Question 64

What is the form in which 97% of the oxygen is transported?

Question 65

What are the two regions of the CNS that contain respiratory neurons?

Question 66

What is the term for the air sacs where diffusion of gases occurs?

Question 67

What is the term for the pressure that always has the least value of the three involved in ventilation?

Question 68

What is the term for the nerve that carries impulses to the diaphragm?

Question 69

What is the term given to the air that is normally inhaled and exhaled in quiet breathing?

Question 70

What is the term for the openings from the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx?

Question 71

What is the term for the first,or uppermost,portion of the lower respiratory tract?

Question 72

What is the form in which most of the carbon dioxide is transported?

Question 73

What is the number of secondary,or lobar,bronchi to the right lung?

Question 74

What is the factor that provides the strongest stimulus for breathing?

Question 75

What is the term for the type of tissue that forms the lining of the trachea?