Deck 12: Hot Wars, Cold Wars, and Decolonization: 1942-1975

Question 1

In planning for a post-World War II order, the victorious Allies agreed on:

A) a plan for territorial aggrandizement.
B) securing the empires of the winning European states.
C) opposing a resurgence of fascism.
D) positioning themselves in a unified front to eradicate communism.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Seeking to avoid a repeat of the economic disorder following World War I, in 1944 Allied leaders met in ___________ to discuss the global financial order.

A) Accra, Ghana
B) Bretton Woods, New Hampshire
C) Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine
D) Teheran, Iran

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following countries was not physically divided in the Cold War between communist and non-communist states?

A) Germany
B) Korea
C) Vietnam
D) Angola

Answer 3

D

Question 4

After World War II, violent wars of independence erupted in each of the following places EXCEPT:

A) Algeria
B) Costa Rica
C) Dutch East Indies
D) Congo

Question 5

The largest Jewish ghetto created in Nazi-occupied Europe was in the city of:

A) Accra
B) Geneva
C) Berlin
D) Warsaw

Question 6

Most political leaders assumed that the key to sustained economic growth in the post-World War II era was:

A) economic nationalism.
B) industrialization.
C) agricultural diversification.
D) limited financial markets.

Question 7

The European Recovery Program was:

A) designed by the Communist International to filter aid through national Communist Parties.
B) a military aid package for members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
C) a United States economic aid package to rehabilitate European infrastructures.
D) compensation provided to new nations formed from European decolonization agreements.

Question 8

Under President Harry Truman, the United States developed a policy of ____________________ with regards to communism.

A) aggressive retaliation.
B) containment.
C) appeasement.
D) curtailment.

Question 9

The Holocaust refers to:

A) the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B) the fire bombing raids on Dresden
C) Stalin's Purges
D) the murder of six million Jews, Romani, Homosexuals, and other minorities.

Question 10

Import Substitution Industrialization uses __________________ as a way to spur growth of domestic industry.

A) tariff barriers and other government policies.
B) free trade agreements.
C) Communist Party functionaries.
D) comparative advantages in labor costs.

Question 11

Export Led Industrialization uses ______________________ as a way to spur growth of domestic industry.

A) tariff barriers and other government policies.
B) free trade agreements.
C) Communist Party functionaries.
D) comparative advantages in labor costs.

Question 12

In the early 1950s, governments in both ___________________________ were overthrown with support from the United States.

A) Iraq and Iran
B) Costa Rica and Cuba
C) Guatemala and Iran
D) Iran and Costa Rica

Question 13

The Mau Rebellion was:

A) an East African uprising against British control.
B) a Filipino uprising against American control.
C) an Angolan uprising against Portuguese control.
D) a Vietnamese uprising against French control.

Question 14

The Bretton Woods Accords of 1944 laid the foundation for:

A) the Communist International
B) the International Monetary Fund
C) the Non-aligned Movement
D) the Partition of India

Question 15

Although the US and USSR never engaged in direct armed confrontation during the Cold War, each provided military aid to opposing sides in armed confrontations in:

A) Japan and Korea.
B) India and Saudi Arabia.
C) Vietnam and Angola.
D) Mexico and Canada.

Question 16

Mohandas Gandhi rejected the idea that ________________ was a prerequisite for order and stability.

A) religious pluralism
B) industrialization
C) non-violence
D) non-alignment

Question 17

Upon independence in 1947, British India was partitioned into two countries, called India and _________________.

A) Pakistan
B) Burma
C) Afghanistan
D) Nepal

Question 18

To protect their interests in the Suez Canal in 1956, Great Britain and France:

A) established the nation-state of Israel.
B) supported a coup d'etat in Saudi Arabia.
C) sent military aid to Ethiopia.
D) invaded Egypt.

Question 19

A conference in Bandung, Indonesia in 1955:

A) launched the Pan-African movement.
B) established the World Bank.
C) launched the Non-Aligned Movement.
D) formalized Indonesian independence from the Dutch.

Question 20

Protest movements in both _______________________ were suppressed by Soviet troops during the Cold War.

A) Cuba and Czechoslovakia
B) Syria and Iran
C) Ukraine and Indonesia
D) Czechoslovakia and Hungary

Question 21

What pitfalls and failures following World War I were the victors trying to avoid after World War II? What steps were actually taken? Assess the strengths and weaknesses the steps taken.

Question 22

Discuss the nature of the Cold War in terms of the respective adversaries' foreign policies and relationships with newly independent states.

Question 23

Compare and contrast post-war economic development strategies. Citing specific examples, what were the opportunities and pitfalls in adopting different approaches to industrialization?