Deck 11: Bereavement, Grief, and Mourning

Question 1

"Los Madres de la Plaza de Mayo" made a significant impact by:

A) uniting in grief against a totalitarian regime and its death squads
B) singing at funeral services for the poor
C) making food and clothes for orphans
D) ambushing terrorists with their own death squads.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Bereavement is defined as the:

A) objective fact that someone in our life has died
B) way society tells us we should feel when someone dies
C) ultimate fear of death
D) appropriate religious term for grief.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

"Sensations of somatic distress in waves lasting from 20 minutes to an hour at a time, a feeling of tightness in the throat, choking with shortness of breath, need for sighing, an empty feeling in the abdomen, lack of muscular power." This is the classic description of:

A) post-traumatic stress disorder
B) acute grief
C) cultural dissonance
D) disenfranchised grief.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an expected outcome of the stressful experience of grief?

A) The immune system becomes more vulnerable and less effective.
B) A general physiological destabilization occurs.
C) The homeostatic mechanism makes an adaptation to chronic stress.
D) People tend to take better care of themselves to offset these changes.

Question 5

Young monkeys show less behavioral and physiological stress during maternal separation if they can:

A) watch television
B) be placed in a new environment away from reminders of their mother
C) remain in a familiar environment
D) be distracted by loud music.

Question 6

Rosenblatt's study of nineteenth-century diaries found that grief:

A) was seldom mentioned
B) was mentioned often in the days immediately following the death, but such references became less frequent over time
C) experiences seemed to come back in waves, even years after the death
D) none of the above.

Question 7

Mourning is defined as:

A) the objective fact that somebody in our life has died
B) a change in status
C) the culturally patterned expression of the survivor's thoughts and feelings
D) the personal feelings one has after a loved one dies.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT part of the Hmong mourning practices in Laos?

A) A guide to the spirit world
B) Music for safe passage of the soul
C) A symbolic horse to carry the body of the deceased
D) A strict 24-hour limit from start to end of the ritual

Question 9

In Alice Walker's To Hell With Dying, Mr. Sweet did all of the following EXCEPT:

A) insist that his guitar be buried with him
B) come close to death several times, to be rescued by children's kisses and tickles
C) instruct and delight the neighbor children
D) represent those whose career hopes had been blocked by poverty and prejudice.

Question 10

The Yoruba of Western Nigeria are unique in their expressions of concern and support for the bereaved in that they:

A) present any grieving family with a three-day pig roast
B) greet the bereaved with specific expressions acknowledging how the death occurred, and the age, gender, and relationship of the individual to the deceased
C) give the bereaved a growing season off from working in order to adjust
D) work rapidly to replace the role of the deceased with another person from the village.

Question 11

Stroebe defines normal grief as grief that:

A) stays within the bounds of a particular cultural tradition
B) is severe and disabling
C) is displayed within 24 hours of the death
D) is kept under control and rarely shared with others.

Question 12

Which type of grief is seen in severe and disabling responses to sudden and often violent death?

A) hidden
B) unresolved
C) complicated
D) traumatic

Question 13

A gay man dies of AIDS and his parents exclude his male partner of ten years from the funeral services. This is an example of _____________ grief.

A) resolved
B) disenfranchised
C) normal
D) disruptive

Question 14

Which of the following statements accurately represents Freud's view of grief and recovery from grief?

A) Grief is an adaptive response to loss, not just an expression of emotional pain.
B) It is a mistake to insist that an individual should quickly snap back to normal life after a loved one has died.
C) The recovery process is complicated by the survivor's resistance to letting go of the attachment.
D) All of the above.

Question 15

Bowlby explains the intensity of persistence of grief responses on the basis of:

A) neuroendocrine stress theory
B) psychosocial transition theory
C) attachment theory
D) dysfunctional families' theory.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of grief-work that has been identified by Parkes?

A) Preoccupation with thoughts of the deceased person
B) Looking for somebody to take the deceased person's place
C) Repeatedly going over the loss experience in one's mind
D) Attempting to explain the loss

Question 17

Stroebe's review of grief research led her to conclude that:

A) there is very little scientific evidence for the grief-work hypothesis
B) the grief-work hypothesis has been well supported by research
C) the grief-work hypothesis has been disproven by research
D) the grief-work hypothesis may have been true for people a few generations ago, but does not apply to the current generation.

Question 18

Social media has taken on a large role in creating new or adapted forms of mourning that include:

A) Facebook
B) Instagram
C) Twitter and Pinterest
D) all of the above.

Question 19

Archer's new evolutionary biology of grief holds that:

A) only humans can experience grief
B) grief is maladaptive
C) intimate relationships and social bonds jeopardize survival
D) humans will eventually be able to function without grief.

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT found regarding leave-taking ceremonies in spousal bereavement?

A) Widows became the head of the family as they took charge of the funeral arrangements.
B) Widows neither sought out nor took in what the clergy had to say in the funeral.
C) Widowers found them to be emotionally significant.
D) Widowers were concerned with how they would manage in the months to come.

Question 21

"Obsessional reviews" refers to:

A) a family reunion held once a year to reflect on the life and death of the deceased person
B) a sense of being in direct contact with the spirit of the deceased
C) thinking about the deceased and/or the circumstances of the death over and over again
D) obsession with the clothing and other materials owned by the deceased.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a finding of studies of marital bereavement?

A) The passage of time can be counted on to relieve grief.
B) Sudden bereavement leads to more intense grief, both in the immediate post-death situation and long term.
C) Those most disturbed a few weeks after the death usually are the ones most disturbed a year later.
D) The bereavement experience is often most disturbing when the partners had very mixed feelings toward each other.

Question 23

The chronic grief syndrome is marked by the survivor's strong feelings of:

A) guilt
B) dependence
C) eagerness to start a new and better life
D) all of the above.

Question 24

The grief that is most likely to occur when an ex-spouse dies following a divorce is called "the ______ grief syndrome."

A) clinical
B) chronic
C) conflicted
D) psychosocial

Question 25

Shadow grief refers to:

A) anticipatory grief over one's own death
B) sorrow over a perinatal death
C) grief complicated by a sense of guilt and self-blame
D) delayed grief that finally comes to the surface after many years.

Question 26

The "inner representation" of the dead child:

A) indicates that a parent is going crazy with grief
B) damages the parents' worldview
C) interferes with recovery from grief
D) often is comforting because it appears to reduce doubts about the parents' worldview.

Question 27

The term "integrated" grief refers to loss:

A) by suicide
B) of an adult's parents
C) of a child
D) of a parent in childhood.

Question 28

Which statement is most accurate regarding American support of the bereaved?

A) American society's emerging program of support for the bereaved is setting a new standard for most European societies.
B) American society's emerging program of support for the bereaved is actually the result of the influential standards set by European societies.
C) American society's withdrawal of support from the bereaved represents a break from most historical traditions.
D) American society has never supported the bereaved.

Question 29

Which of the following statements most accurately represents the views of Phyllis Silverman, founder of the Widow-to-Widow Program?

A) Grief is an illness and should be treated as an illness.
B) Grief does not have a final outcome.
C) Grief is a transitional human experience.
D) Both b and c.

Question 30

Widows in Third World nations generally:

A) receive strong support through traditional values and practices
B) become elevated to a senior and privileged status
C) become impoverished outcasts vulnerable to abuse
D) go through rebirthing rituals to make them eligible for a new life.

Question 31

The term bereaved applies only to family members who have lost a loved one.

Question 32

Grief is the only response to bereavement.

Question 33

Dissociative flight refers to a pattern of extreme, even psychotic
denial in response to the death of another.

Question 34

Studies indicate that the stress of grief produces much wear and tear on the body, along with increased risk of cardiovascular, infectious, and inflammatory disorders.

Question 35

Grief may return again and again, long after the bereavement. Although waves of grief continue throughout one's life, they generally become much briefer and less intense.

Question 36

Grief is the outer expression of the inner state or mourning of an individual.

Question 37

The DSM-5 includes a specified prolonged grief disorder referred to as PGD or PCBD.

Question 38

Freud made it clear in his grief-work theory that time would heal all wounds.

Question 39

Parkes' focus on the components of grief-work is part of a larger body of work on the psychosocial transition involved in coping with the loss of a loved person.

Question 40

Maciejewski et al. (2017) state that the stage theory of Kübler-Ross is well supported in research with Americans.

Question 41

Archer concluded that grief occurs in social birds and mammals, disagreeing with Bowlby and Darwin.

Question 42

There has been a significant increase in research investigating grief among same-sex partnerships excluding the focus of AIDS.

Question 43

The husbands who became widowers often said they felt a symbolic dismemberment, like their arms had been cut off, when their wives died.

Question 44

Husbands who just became widowers were more likely than widows to make statements like "it's not fair."

Question 45

Wives who had just become widows often emphasized a sense of abandonment by the death of their spouse.

Question 46

Widowers make a more rapid social recovery but a less rapid emotional recovery than widows.

Question 47

A new widow who experienced an abusive relationship with her alcoholic spouse may be at greater risk to develop a chronic grief syndrome.

Question 48

Most parents, after surviving the death of a child, lose their relationships and divorce.

Question 49

Researchers found that one of the most helpful things to say to a bereaved person is "It's okay to be angry at God."

Question 50

Researchers found that one of the most helpful things to say to a bereaved person is "He will always be alive in your memories."

Question 51

What is the definition of the terms

-Anticipatory grief

Question 52

What is the definition of the terms

-Attachment behavior

Question 53

What is the definition of the terms

-Bereavement

Question 54

What is the definition of the terms

-Continuing bonds

Question 55

What is the definition of the terms

-Disenfranchised grief

Question 56

What is the definition of the terms

-Dissociative flight

Question 57

What is the definition of the terms

-Grief

Question 58

What is the definition of the terms

-Grief-work theory

Question 59

What is the definition of the terms

-Intrapsychic

Question 60

What is the definition of the terms

-Mourning

Question 61

What is the definition of the terms

-Spontaneous memorialization

Question 62

What is the definition of the terms

-Traumatic grief

Question 63

Define and highlight the differences between these terms: bereavement, grief, and mourning.

Question 64

Describe the differences in the following terms: normal grief, traumatic grief, anticipatory grief, integrated grief, and resolved grief.

Question 65

List the six key points in Freud's grief-work theory.

Question 66

What two processes make up the dual-process theory of grieving?

Question 67

Name and describe the three types of unresolved grief found in recovery from marital bereavement.

Question 68

Discuss the evidence Kastenbaum uses to support the redefining of grief as a physical disorder.

Question 69

Using the Hmong example given in the text, explain the process of mourning and highlight the differences between the traditional and American Hmong practices.

Question 70

Compare and contrast the responses of widows and widowers to their new status. Give special emphasis to gender differences.

Question 71

Compare and contrast the research findings regarding marital bereavement and recovery of parents from perinatal death. Do you think these processes are more similar or more distinct? Give reasons to support your opinion.

Question 72

Describe the social consequences for many widows in Third World nations and any ameliorative strategies being conducted to improve this situation.