Deck 5: Neural Mechanisms: Contributions and Control

Question 1

Which of the following sends a signal to the CNS indicating how much and how fast a muscle's length is changing?

A) Golgi tendon organs
B) Muscle spindles
C) Joint kinesthetic receptors
D) The vestibular apparatus

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Parkinson's disease is a result of under stimulation of the __________.

A) Primary motor area
B) Primary somatosensory area
C) Cerebellum
D) Basal ganglia

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is the area of the brain that plays a key role in the detection and correction of errors?

A) Diencephalon
B) General Interpretive area
C) Basal ganglia
D) Cerebellum

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT true of the storage function of working memory?

A) Information can only be stored in it for 20-30 seconds unless it is given further attention
B) Active processing is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory
C) Information is transmitted to the short-term memory after being selectively attended to in the sensory register
D) It has a limitless capacity

Question 5

_____________ memory contains information about personal experiences and events associated with a specific time and context.

A) Semantic
B) Procedural
C) Episodic
D) Declarative
E) B and C only

Question 6

Factual knowledge, such as your school colors, is retained in your ___________ memory.

A) Semantic
B) Procedural
C) Episodic
D) Declarative

Question 7

Which of the following enables performers to make, execute, and evaluate strategic and movement decisions?

A) Short-term memory
B) Long-term memory
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 8

Temporary storage and manipulation of spatial and visual information is the responsibility of which of the following?

A) Phonological loop
B) Central executive
C) Visuospatial sketchpad
D) Sensory memory

Question 9

Prehension involves

A) transporting the hand to a target location
B) grasping an object
C) manipulating an object
D) All of the above
E) B and C only

Question 10

The _________ plays a key role in regulating the intensity (scaling) of movement parameters.

A) Primary motor area
B) Primary somatosensory area
C) Cerebellum
D) Basal ganglia

Question 11

Which is the area of the brain that organizes learned coordinated movements that involve complex sequencing of muscles?

A) Secondary somatosensory area
B) Prefrontal cortex.
C) Premotor cortex
D) Association area

Question 12

________ are located in the inner ear and respond to changes in posture and balance.

A) Golgi tendon organs
B) Muscle spindles
C) Joint kinesthetic receptors
D) The vestibular apparatus

Question 13

Which of the following proprioceptors are found at the junction of the tendon and the muscle?

A) Golgi tendon organs
B) Muscle spindles
C) Joint kinesthetic receptors
D) The vestibular apparatus

Question 14

Information is taken from the receptors to the CNS by which of the following?

A) Afferent nerves
B) Efferent nerves
C) Descending pathways
D) The pyramidal pathway

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of reflexes?

A) They are involuntary
B) The simplest pathway by which they occur is a reflex arc
C) They must be integrated in the brain
D) They allow individuals to react to a stimulus very quickly

Question 16

An interneuron is a nerve cell that does which of the following?

A) Transmits sensory information
B) Transmits motor information
C) Transmits visual information
D) Lies between a sensory and motor neuron in a reflex arc

Question 17

Which reflex would occur if an individual were to touch a hot stove?

A) A monosynaptic reflex
B) The parachute reflex
C) The crossed extensor reflex
D) The withdrawal reflex

Question 18

Which area of the brain is responsible for higher brain functions?

A) Brainstem
B) Diencephalon
C) Cerebral cortex
D) Cerebellum

Question 19

If a stroke patient lost his or her ability to consciously feel and localize touch and pressure on the skin, which area of the brain is likely affected?

A) Primary somatosensory area
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Cerebellum
D) Basal ganglia

Question 20

After the brain develops during a critical period in early childhood, it remains relatively unchangeable with fixed neuronal circuits in adulthood