Deck 12: Psychopathology

Question 1

In this chapter's Senior View, Edna Carpenter advised young people to

A) quit drinking and partying all night long
B) pay more attention in school and do your homework
C) stay close to your family and friends
D) don't smoke, eat right, and exercise

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In this chapter's Senior View, Wanda Washburn told us that older adults

A) tend to be more depressed than younger adults
B) are not any more depressed than younger adults
C) are not nearly as depressed as younger adults
D) are rarely depressed at all

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A measure of the total proportion of individuals with some disorder is called the______ rate.

A) prevalence
B) incidence
C) molecular
D) molar

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Comorbidity means that

A) two people have died at the same time
B) a person has two conditions at the same time
C) a disorder is so serious that it's twice as hard to treat
D) two members of a family have the same disorder

Question 5

The rate of alcohol abuse in older adults is

A) double the rate of younger adults
B) about the same as the rate of younger adults
C) about half the rate of younger adults
D) unknown

Question 6

Age differences in alcohol abuse could be a cohort effect because older cohorts

A) were introduced to alcohol at a much younger age
B) lived through the years of prohibition
C) usually began drinking in the family home
D) often manufactured their own alcohol drinks

Question 7

The prevalence of major depression in older adults is

A) about the same or lower than in other adult age groups
B) much lower than in other adult age groups
C) much higher than in other adult age groups
D) much lower until age 80 when it becomes much higher

Question 8

Older adults may have higher rates of dysthymic disorder compared to major depression because

A) mental disorders have been stigmatized for older cohorts
B) older adults with major depression quickly commit suicide
C) older adults deal more effectively with depressing life events
D) all of the above

Question 9

A possible warning sign of suicide is when a person

A) gives away valuable possessions
B) neglects personal appearance
C) avoids activities that they once enjoyed
D) all of the above

Question 10

Older adults are more likely than younger adults to become depressed because of

A) driving cessation
B) development of some disability
C) loss of a spouse
D) all of the above

Question 11

A danger for older adults taking some antidepressant medications is that such medications may

A) decrease bone density
B) increase blood pressure
C) reduce muscle strength
D) all of the above

Question 12

Which of the following has not been shown to be an effective treatment for depression in older adults?

A) rigorous exercise
B) life review
C) mental stimulation
D) all are effective treatments

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the five symptoms of a cognitive disorder? Impaired ____

A) memory
B) judgment
C) emotionality
D) perception

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the tests used to assist in the diagnosis of a cognitive disorder?

A) Time and Change Test
B) Memory for Digit Span
C) Draw a Clock
D) MMSE

Question 15

A disturbance in brain metabolism caused by medication(s) can result in a(n)

A) acute organic brain syndrome
B) chronic organic brain syndrome
C) dementia
D) depression pseudodementia

Question 16

A deficiency in which of the following can produce symptoms that resemble dementia?

A) calcium
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin B₁₂
D) Iron

Question 17

The symptoms of dementia could result from

A) an electrolyte imbalance
B) overmedication
C) polypharmacy
D) all of the above

Question 18

When cognitive symptoms are a result of irreversible and increasing damage to the brain, the disorder is called

A) delirium
B) dementia
C) MCI
D) Alzheimer's

Question 19

One difference between depression and dementia is that depression

A) has a very slow onset
B) produces a fluctuating mood
C) can be successfully treated
D) leads the person to hide their disorder

Question 20

"Mad Cow" disease is a form of which of the following dementias?

A) Pick's disease
B) Korsakoff's syndrome
C) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 21

Which of the following is known to be caused by a gene?

A) Alzheimer's
B) Pick's
C) Creutzfeldt-Jakob
D) Korsakoff's

Question 22

Which of the following is known to be caused by a virus?

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Vascular dementia
C) NeuroAIDS
D) Huntington's disease

Question 23

Which neurotransmitter is affected in Parkinson's disease?

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) serotonin
D) GABA

Question 24

Which neurotransmitter is affected in Alzheimer's disease?

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) serotonin
D) GABA

Question 25

Which dementia is caused by a series of continuing and small strokes?

A) Huntington's
B) Alzheimer's
C) Parkinson's
D) Vascular

Question 26

Which of the following has not been implicated as a possible cause for Parkinson's disease?

A) pesticides
B) genetics
C) a viral infection
D) smoking

Question 27

Which of the following is a form of Lewy body dementia?

A) Parkinson's
B) Pick's
C) Huntington's
D) Alzheimer's

Question 28

The most frequent type of dementia is

A) Vascular
B) Creutzfeldt-Jakob
C) Parkinson's
D) Alzheimer's

Question 29

Which of the following persons is most likely to experience Alzheimer's disease?

A) a 70 year old white man who plays golf
B) a 50 year old black man who is an accountant
C) a 70 year old black woman who is a nurse
D) a 50 year old white woman who drives a truck

Question 30

The only way to be certain of a diagnosis of Alzheimer's is to

A) perform an autopsy
B) administer several different tests
C) administer tests more than once
D) consult at least two physicians

Question 31

In diagnosing Alzheimer's, which of the following is not one of the changes in the brain that is crucial?

A) amyloid plaque
B) clogged arteries
C) tangles
D) massive cell loss

Question 32

Every evening when it begins to get dark, Manon becomes more confused and agitated. This increase in confusion and agitation is known as

A) Dark Adaptation
B) Alzheimer's disease
C) Full Moon Disorder
D) Sundown Syndrome

Question 33

Having two of the following forms of the Apolipoprotein E, is associated with a much higher rate of early onset Alzheimer's disease.

A) ApoE-1
B) ApoE-2
C) ApoE-3
D) ApoE-4

Question 34

Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's?

A) eating too much fish
B) being African or Hispanic American
C) being a man
D) having a lower than average BMI

Question 35

Which of the following factors is associated with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's?

A) having more education
B) having Down's syndrome
C) avoiding NSAID's
D) being a woman

Question 36

Current estimates suggest that about how many different genes are associated with Alzheimer's disease?

A) only 1 or 2
B) at least a half dozen
C) more than a dozen
D) two dozen or more

Question 37

The length of time that a person has Alzheimer's is

A) less than 10 years
B) at least 15 years
C) often 20 years of more
D) unknown at present

Question 38

One of the more promising potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease is

A) estrogen replacement therapy
B) immunization against amyloid
C) surgical removal of the cortex
D) massive doses of Vitamin C

Question 39

Which of the following does not appear to reduce β amyloid"

A) resveratrol
B) some antibiotics
C) vitamins C and E
D) Congo red dye

Question 40

People working in jobs that involve which of the following are less likely to develop Alzheimer's? A job that has ____ complexity working with ____.

A) low, data
B) low, people
C) high, data
D) high, people

Question 41

A drug that is used to treat Alzheimer's in the later stages is

A) Memantine
B) Aricept
C) Exalon
D) Cognex

Question 42

Malignant social psychology refers to

A) the social psychology practiced outside the U. S.
B) treating people as objects
C) cooperative interactions among cancer patients
D) loss of social contact with other human beings

Question 43

When a person with Alzheimer's shows an unwillingness to socialize in some situations but not at all in others, that unwillingness could be a(n)

A) malignant social psychology
B) a form of depression
C) excess disability
D) symptom of a comorbidity

Question 44

Caregivers of family members with dementia are likely to experience

A) the same dementia
B) loss of nerve cells
C) depression
D) all of the above

Question 45

The treatment in which a recording of a family member's voice is played for an agitated dementia patient is referred to as

A) simulated presence therapy
B) respite care
C) reality orientation therapy
D) validation therapy

Question 46

The treatment in which the caregiver accepts all behaviors and emotions of the person with dementia as meaningful and attempts to facilitate communication is a form of

A) reality orientation therapy
B) validation therapy
C) simulated presence therapy
D) validation therapy

Question 47

Describe one cognitive and one non-cognitive disorder discussed in the text and the prevalence of each in old age.

Question 48

Describe the progressive changes that occur in a patient with Alzheimer's disease.

Question 49

Describe one treatment for each of the following and discuss the effectiveness of that treatment: depression, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's.

Question 50

Describe depression in old age. What is the prevalence in old persons versus young persons? What might account for these differences? What are the causes of depression in old age?

Question 51

What are the major factors that increase or decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease?

Question 52

What are some of the genetic and environmental factors that seem to be a part of the cause(s) of Alzheimer's?

Question 53

Describe some of the family treatments for Alzheimer's and explain why, even though they may use dishonesty, they are not regarded as examples of malignant social psychology.

Question 54

Evaluate the statement "people with Alzheimer's are intact cognitively; they just cannot communicate well with others".