Deck 18: Strategic Studies: the West and the Rest, Amitav Acharya and Jiajie He

Question 1

The decline of the post-Second World War international order is leading to a multiplex world, characterized by different actors connected by various forms of linkages, complex interdependence covering many issue areas, and multiple layers of governance.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The two paradigms of strategic culture that have influenced Chinese perceptions of threats and security are the Confucian-Mencian paradigm that suggests conflict is both ubiquitous and zero-sum and the parabellum paradigm that places a strong emphasis on morality.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Ancient Indian rulers and the Indian epics promoted a moralist strategy that encouraged accommodation and justice to secure order and a realist strategy that focused on the necessity of violence and power.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

To broaden security and strategy in a way that captures security challenges facing the wider international community, chapter 19 in Strategy in the Contemporary World suggests that strategic studies should consider all of the following topics, except

A) non-military threats that challenge the state, its government, and its population.
B) non-military threats that are in the realm of values, which undermine regime legitimacy and unite the people against the government.
C) the military capabilities of developed states as compared to emerging powers.
D) threats posed by the government to the security and survival of its own people.

Question 5

According to chapter 19 in Strategy in the Contemporary World, all of the following are examples of ethnocentrism in strategic studies, except

A) the belief that every civilization has its own inherent strategic culture.
B) the tendency to see Third World diplomatic and military initiatives from the perspective of ideological, political, and economic superpower contests.
C) the celebration of the cold war as a 'long peace'.
D) the tendency among deterrence theorists to insist on 'rationality' as a precondition for the applicability of their theoretical constructs and the assumption that global South leaders are unfit to possess nuclear weapons.

Question 6

During the cold war, the primary security problems faced by Third World states more often came from domestic or regime insecurities than from external security concerns.

Question 7

Today, there is a consensus that human security can be defined as

A) freedom from fear.
B) freedom from want.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 8

According to chapter 19 in Strategy in the Contemporary World, all of the following are non-military threats that are more acute in the global South than in the global North, except

A) resource scarcity.
B) ageing population.
C) economic underdevelopment.
D) environmental degradation.

Question 9

Which of the following is a reason to doubt that emerging powers like China or India are willing or able to reshape the concept of strategy in new ways?

A) The emerging powers are not very homogenous.
B) The tools and media of security discourse are still heavily centred in the West.
C) Even if China and India were to influence the definition of security in the twenty-first century, the result might merely be a return to traditional definitions because both states hold a rigid view of sovereignty and reject post-Westphalian notions such as humanitarian intervention or human security.
D) All the options given are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is (are) true of global international relations (IR)?

A) Global IR seeks to identify non-Western contributions to IR theories and concepts.
B) Global IR attempts to bridge the divide between the West and the non-West.
C) Global IR emphasizes the importance of world history, not just Western history.
D) All the options given are correct.