Deck 2: Specialized Imaging Techniques

Question 1

To demonstrate stenoses,blood clots,plaques,and emboli requires

A) a multifrequency transducer
B) a color-flow duplex system
C) sono CT real-time compound imaging
D) harmonic imaging

Answer 1

a color-flow duplex system

Question 2

Which of the following uses gamma-emitting radionuclides to produce images?

A) X-ray images.
B) Nuclear medicine images.
C) PET images.
D) Sonography images.

Answer 2

Nuclear medicine images.

Question 3

Fluid-filled structures transmitting sound waves easily and appearing as a dark region on the image are _____ tissue.

A) hyperechoic
B) hypoechoic
C) anechoic
D) isoechoic

Answer 3

anechoic

Question 4

The midpoint or center of the number of densities being viewed in a selected window on CT is the

A) window width
B) pulse width
C) window level
D) x-ray level

Question 5

The major advantage of ultrasound is

A) no adverse effects on human tissue
B) ability to image anatomy in cross-section
C) ionizing radiation is used to produce an image
D) only low energy gamma radiation is used to produce an image

Question 6

Which of the following was the first modality to provide sectional anatomy images with increased visibility of soft-tissue structures?

A) Conventional tomography.
B) Computed tomography.
C) Positron emission tomography.
D) Magnetic resonance imaging.

Question 7

Which of the following specialized imaging techniques provides cross-sectional images at a low cost,is readily available,and has the ability to differentiate cystic,solid,and complex tissue?

A) Sonography.
B) CT.
C) MRI.
D) PET.

Question 8

Using a narrow x-ray beam and scanning from multiple angles,the amount of radiation absorbed in tissue is represented by

A) a relative linear attenuation coefficient
B) data for computer reconstruction
C) a gray scale on the computer monitor
D) all of the above

Question 9

The attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water is the

A) CT number
B) echo coefficient
C) positron absorption
D) pulse sequence

Question 10

The superimposition of images from two different digital modalities produces images

A) of anatomic and physiologic perspectives
B) using software for image integration
C) from hybrid equipment, such as PET-CT
D) all of the above

Question 11

Reflections in ultrasound produced by tissue interaction are called

A) isoechoic
B) echoes
C) pulses
D) frequencies

Question 12

In ultrasound the high-frequency sound waves are produced by

A) sound waves emanating from the body
B) electrical stimulation of a specialized crystal
C) magnets and pulse radiofrequencies
D) radiopharmaceuticals

Question 13

Window width in CT controls

A) density
B) gray scale
C) midrange of densities
D) resolution

Question 14

Single-photon emission computed tomography took nuclear medicine imaging concepts and added the use of

A) new pharmaceuticals
B) new pulsing sequences
C) gamma camera movement
D) stronger frequency transducers

Question 15

The complexity of technology requires the radiographer to

A) have a more specific skill set
B) have an extensive knowledge of anatomy
C) have computer networking classes
D) A and B

Question 16

Molecular imaging advancements using a positron-emitting radiopharmaceutical is

A) SPECT
B) CAT
C) MRI
D) PET

Question 17

With the integration of strong magnets and radio frequencies,high resolution soft-tissue imaging in multiple planes became available with

A) nuclear medicine
B) single-photon emission computed tomography
C) computed tomography
D) magnetic resonance imaging

Question 18

High-resolution CT requires the slice sections to be

A) 1.5 to 2.0 mm
B) 2 to 5 mm
C) 5 to 10 mm
D) 1 to 2 cm

Question 19

The first modality capable of producing images without the use of ionizing radiation was

A) ultrasound
B) magnetic resonance imaging
C) nuclear medicine
D) computerized tomography

Question 20

To produce quantitative data in ultrasound,the equipment must

A) integrate real-time imaging with sono CT
B) include harmonic technology
C) fuse conventional real-time with Doppler imaging
D) have a multifrequency transducer

Question 21

To detect the ionizing radiation being emitted from the patient to produce an image,a _____ is used.

A) Geiger counter
B) gamma camera
C) pocket dosimeter
D) dose calibrator

Question 22

To best demonstrate a physiologic map,the modality of choice is

A) MRI
B) CT
C) ultrasound
D) nuclear medicine

Question 23

The modality of choice to image the central nervous system is

A) CT
B) MRI
C) ultrasound
D) PET

Question 24

The patient is injected or ingests the ionizing radiation through

A) a radiopharmaceutical
B) an iodinated contrast agent
C) gadolinium
D) barium

Question 25

All of the following are post-processing techniques used in CT,except

A) maximum intensity projections
B) shaded surface rendering
C) time-of-flight technique
D) volume rendering

Question 26

What made CT angiography more precise and prevalent?

A) The development of 16-slice (and greater) scanners.
B) Multiplanar images produced by multifrequency transducers.
C) Three-dimensional images.
D) A and C.

Question 27

Motor,sensory,and vision neurons (nervous system)can be demonstrated by

A) diffusion imaging
B) perfusion imaging
C) fat-suppressed images
D) functional MR

Question 28

Which imaging technique analyzes the chemical composition of tissues in vivo?

A) CTA
B) MRA
C) fMRI
D) MR spectroscopy

Question 29

Diffusion imaging relies on _____ aiding in diagnosis of early stroke.

A) tissue diffused with contrast material
B) decreased microcirculation demonstrating less blood volume
C) random movement of water
D) A and C

Question 30

CT scanning permitting data that can easily be reformatted to produce multiplanes (coronal and sagittal)is accomplished by

A) high-resolution scans
B) conventional scans
C) helical scanning
D) single-scan protocols

Question 31

To best increase the exam specificity in MRI,the technologist must

A) use contrast enhancement
B) change relaxation time
C) change pulse sequences
D) A and C

Question 32

Relaxation is

A) the energy transfer of the radiofrequency pulse to tissue
B) the proton releasing energy to return to its original state
C) the listening time of the MR unit to hear an echo
D) the repetition of the energy signal

Question 33

By selecting different pulses,sequences,and frequencies,the MR T1-weighted image produces images with a

A) high signal intensity (bright) water
B) high signal intensity (bright) fat, subacute hemorrhage, and contrast material
C) low signal intensity (intermediate to dark) fat
D) low signal intensity (very dark) bone and air

Question 34

The greatest difference in PET and SPECT is the type of

A) ionizing radiation emitted by radiopharmaceuticals
B) camera used to detect the ionizing radiation
C) physiologic map produced
D) computer image produced

Question 35

To enhance the nuclear medicine image,researchers applied the use of _____ to increase accuracy.

A) computers and movement
B) multiple gamma cameras and movement
C) multiple digital cameras
D) A and B

Question 36

What atom's energy is manipulated to produce MRI images?

A) Radiofrequency (RF) pulse hydrogen.
B) Echo time (TE) carbon.
C) Relaxation time (T1/T2) nitrogen.
D) Repetition time (TR) oxygen.

Question 37

Ionizing radiation,which is emitted from the patient to produce images,is the modality of

A) conventional x-ray
B) ultrasound
C) nuclear medicine
D) magnetic resonance imaging

Question 38

Increased radionuclide uptake produces a _____ on the image.

A) hot spot
B) blank spot
C) cold spot
D) homogeneous area

Question 39

A collimator in the SPECT imaging system

A) contains multiple parallel channels allowing rays to pass
B) provides a lead plate increasing image contrast
C) is a device to allow rotation of the camera
D) allows more gamma rays to reach the camera

Question 40

Epileptic foci and Alzheimer's disease are best demonstrated by

A) SPECT
B) CT
C) MRI
D) PET

Question 41

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Computed tomography

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 42

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
CT number

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 43

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
PET

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 44

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Multidetection scanning

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 45

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Window width

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 46

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Nuclear medicine

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 47

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Helical scanning

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 48

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
SPECT

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 49

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Window level

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 50

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Magnetic resonance imaging

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 51

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Ultrasound

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 52

Match the following terms related to ultrasound.
Echoes

A)Echo free appearing as a dark region on the image
B)Reflections from body structures
C)Structure exhibits a relatively strong reflection appearing light gray to white
D)Tissue producing weak reflections that appear gray on the image
E)Two structures producing the same reflection

Question 53

Match the following terms related to ultrasound.
Hypoechoic

A)Echo free appearing as a dark region on the image
B)Reflections from body structures
C)Structure exhibits a relatively strong reflection appearing light gray to white
D)Tissue producing weak reflections that appear gray on the image
E)Two structures producing the same reflection

Question 54

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Direct fusion imaging

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 55

Match the following terms related to ultrasound.
Anechoic

A)Echo free appearing as a dark region on the image
B)Reflections from body structures
C)Structure exhibits a relatively strong reflection appearing light gray to white
D)Tissue producing weak reflections that appear gray on the image
E)Two structures producing the same reflection

Question 56

Match the following terms related to ultrasound.
Echogenic

A)Echo free appearing as a dark region on the image
B)Reflections from body structures
C)Structure exhibits a relatively strong reflection appearing light gray to white
D)Tissue producing weak reflections that appear gray on the image
E)Two structures producing the same reflection

Question 57

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Conventional scanning

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 58

Match the following terms related to computed tomography.
Relative linear attenuation coefficient

A)Ability to collect data from multiple sections per rotation
B)Attenuation of a specific tissue relative to water
C)Calculation of data collected from multiple angles using a narrow x-ray beam
D)Continuous scanning while the patient moves through the gantry
E)Contrast scale to be demonstrated on computer monitor
F)Midpoint selected of densities to be viewed on the computer monitor
G)Single scans that are integrated to produce multiplanar images

Question 59

Match the following terms related to ultrasound.
Isoechoic

A)Echo free appearing as a dark region on the image
B)Reflections from body structures
C)Structure exhibits a relatively strong reflection appearing light gray to white
D)Tissue producing weak reflections that appear gray on the image
E)Two structures producing the same reflection

Question 60

Match the following terms related to specialty imaging technologies.
Integrated imaging

A)Gamma camera movement and computer enhancement
B)Hybrid equipment producing two modality images simultaneously
C)Modality of choice for examinations of children and pregnant women
D)Radiofrequency pulses used to excite protons in the atoms
E)Radiopharmaceutical emitting gamma radiation to produce an image
F)Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam
G)Software specially designed to overlay multidimensional computed data
H)Uses a decaying radiopharmaceutical emitting a positron

Question 61

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Single-photon emission computed tomography

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient

Question 62

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Radiopharmaceutical

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient

Question 63

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Physiologic map

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient

Question 64

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Scintigraphic image

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient

Question 65

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Gamma camera

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient

Question 66

Match the following terms related to nuclear medicine.
Positron emission tomography

A)Annihilation produces two high-energy photons in opposite directions
B)Distribution of radionuclide representing the organ or system
C)Drug or chemical emitting radiation
D)Interaction of gamma rays with the sodium iodide crystal to produce light
E)Multiple gamma cameras with movement
F)Sodium iodide crystal to detect ionizing radiation emitted from patient